CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION: 1.1: Field of invention: The field of invention is BRTS. BRTS stands for Bus Rapid Transit System. It is a mass transit system. BRT system generally has specialized design and infrastructure to improve system quality and remove the typical causes of bus delay. This project is handled by Ahmedabad municipal corporation (AMC) and operated by Ahmedabad Janmarg limited. It has been successfully working since 2009 and being extended day by day in order to cover major area of city. Detailed system design and support is being provided by CEPT University. Though it is working successfully, it lags some technologies related to route management and these are the tasks which we are going to design. 1.2 Problem Specifications: …show more content…
One of the key features of BRTS system is a specific route is designed for kind of system to increase the system efficiency. Though it has many useful features it lacks in some of the safety features such as it has lack route managing system due to which any vehicle gets enter into its route so the system efficiency reduces, traffic efficiency reduces as well as possibility of accidents increase. So something is required for the route control that allows only authorized vehicle to pass through the route. A barrier can be designed the movement of which depends upon the detection of the authorized …show more content…
But uses of these means of identification systems, vehicles are generally required to stop in a line to pass. As a result vehicle traffic efficiency is greatly reduced and wait time delay is increased due to traffic peak. To overcome the drawback of those technologies a new vehicle recognition system was designed which was consists of three main parts, Radio frequency identification (RFID) read write device, RFID card which is allocated to the authorized vehicles and a control centre. When RFID card comes under the electromagnetic field of RFID read write device it reads RFID card and send the information to control centre. Based on the information from RFID read write device control centre take appropriate steps to control the barrier movement. The drawback of this system is that RFID has very short detection
The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is not the best method of transportation in the city of Toronto, because it’s unreliable, inconvenient, and unsanitary. First of all, the TTC is unreliable because of many delays. The TTC buses often come late and there are many subway breakdowns and signal problems. These problems can cause longer wait times and result in the rider being late. Additionally, the TTC is inconvenient because it is difficult for the rider to get to his or her destination without a few transfers. In addition, there are very few direct routes and limited area coverage. For example, there are some areas where passengers have to walk long distances just to get to the bus stop. These problems can result in many transfers and cause
The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) is one of the largest transit systems in the United States. It is the ninth largest system, transporting over 550,000 passengers daily. MARTA provides bus and rapid rail service to the most of the metropolitan area of Atlanta. The transit agency was established in 1971 with the passage of an authorizing referendum by voters in Fulton and DeKalb counties and the city of Atlanta. MARTA is a public authority that operates under Georgia law. The agency is governed by a board of directors with representation from several counties including Fulton, DeKalb, Clayton, and Gwinnett as well as the city of Atlanta. MARTA has approximately 4,500 employees. The majority of MARTA's operating revenues come from fares and a sales tax from customers.
On the second day of March in the year 1955, a young, black girl named Claudette Colvin waited for the bus. She was 15 years old and lived in Montgomery. Colvin had just finished school for the day and was heading home. The city bus came, and she sat down in the area reserved for “black” passengers. As the bus filled up, left standing was a young, white woman. The seats in the white area were full, but there was an available seat in the opposite row of Colvin. Because of Jim Crows law- a law that said that a white person could not sit opposite of a colored person, the white woman refused to sit there. The bus driver ordered Colvin to move to the back of the bus so that the white female could sit down. Colvin refused to move.
After careful consideration I relate more to Dr. Davis M. Buss, known for his evolutionary research on human sex differences in mate selection. Sex differences. Buss posits that men and women have faced different adaptive challenges throughout human history, which shape behavioral difference in males and females today. Example women have to carry the child for nine months and then make it though delivery. Men during pregnancy have thoughts of paternity and having as many children as possible. He also focused on short and long term mating strategies, male and female preference, deception, love, jealousy, and a host of other topics that deal hand and hand with relationships and relationship disputes. I Personally, relate to these theories because
...e traffic accident significantly. Beacuse it supplies a relative safty circumstance for the drivers. Broading the road, moving away some object on the both side and the arrangement of security guard are the specific measures for achieving our goals. As the causes are various, the solutions also divide into different part.
Basically, the control unit generates ATP ATP board speed control pattern to the next stop block based land information (stop blocks and G / R signal) received from the roadside logical unit transceiver ATP through ATP. Brake control is then activated by the speed of the train is detected by the techno-pulse generator and sensor. Some of the pattern generated by the speed limit control system is weak brake ATP pattern, the pattern of service breaks, or twist the emergency brake and if any of these patterns is exceeded, the brake command signals to apply the brakes as appropriate for each pattern. Speed train on the system board is controlled by ATP, but trains can also be operated manually between stations at speeds below the speed control pattern is determined by the ATP. In case of emergency, onboard ATP system emergency stop receiving messages via train radio equipment, and issued an order that trips the emergency brake brakes and bring the train
looking for a parking space, and waiting in line. There are many ways to save time and
Computers are used at traffic stops. The officer can find the vehicle identification number (VIN) and calls the number in to the secretary and the secretary lets the responding officer know whether or not the vehicle belongs to the driver of the car, to make sure the vehicle isn’t stolen. If the car is stolen the officer car arrest the person right then.
Transportation system is a dynamic system. Information about traffic must be regularly updated to keep pace with ever-changing transportation system. Data must be collected and analyzed systematically to get representative information.
Traffic calming measures are quite common in modern society. Traffic calming measures are physical design techniques that encourage or force motorists to drive slow and constant speed. They prevent speeding and can increase overall road safety. Traffic calming can also make streets more accessible and livable for other users such as pedestrians, cyclists and nearby residents. The main purpose of traffic calming measures is to reduce speed and create a safer traffic environment. Road bumps are one type of measures that is frequently used to reduce speed in residential areas. Traffic calming measures have to adapt to the specific condition of each location but in principle only one design of road bumps is needed. This design should lead to a comfortable crossing at speed lower than 15-20 km/h but as soon the speed increased it should be more uncomfortable to cross the road bumps. The design of ideal road bumps would make drivers hold their speed below 25 km/h at least when crossing a road bumps.
In today's changing business environment, information technology plays an incredibly important role in almost every aspect of the day to day life of almost every industry. The transportation industry is, of course, no different. From the transport of goods from manufacture, to warehousing, to retail, to end-user, the industry relies on information technology to get things done. The transportation of people is the exact same; incredibly important to get done yet impossible without the impact of information technology.
Engineers design, build or maintain applications and systems to solve various societal problems. Their behaviors thus have a non-negligible impact on human development. Oftentimes, however, engineers are faced with the dilemma to choose between compromising their code of ethics and threatening their promising careers. It is important that engineers deem public welfare as a supreme concern and stand their ground so that they will report any observed situations that potentially can harm public safety to their superiors. The Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) case study is a good example of engineers being responsible with society in that they attempted multiple times to inform their supervisors in management about their concerns with the possible imminent system failure of BART. Even though their voices were ignored and they were fired by the company in the end, they made the passengers realize the probable dangers underneath this regional rail service. Consequently, on October 2nd, 1972, as a result of Automatic Train Control (ATC) failure, a BART train overshot the station at Fremont and wounded several people. In order to prevent these tragic accidents from happening, the BART case needs to be further examined for deeper understanding of the problem. This paper will use deontological ethical framework to address the cause of BART train system failure and recommend feasible plans to avert similar tragedies from occurring in the future to BART employees. Therefore, not only engineers, but also managers and board of directors should be educated about ethics and should be familiar with basic technical knowledge regarding their business.
Traffic lights are signaling devices located at road intersections and pedestrian crossings, they are now part of our everyday life. Before traffic lights were invented, policeman would control traffic, but accidents would still occur frequently. This is when J.P Knight took action in 1868 and made the first traffic light. It was installed outside the British Houses Of Parliament but didn’t last long since it exploded in 1869 due to a gas leak. It was only in 1912 that a man named Lester Wire created an electrical traffic light that is still used today. There are three main types of traffic lights: fixed timed, semi actuated and fully actuated. Fixed time traffic light are light where “signals change according to a pre-set timing. The signals will cycle all the time even if there is no vehicle or pedestrian demand.” (a). In semi actuated signals vehicle detectors and push buttons are installed on streets and roads. The traffic signals will remain green until either a group of vehicles is detected or a pedestrian pushes a button. Lastly in fully actuated lights “ signals are programmed to change with minimum green times depending on the traffic and pedestrian demand on all approaches. The signals will change based on the demand from each approach.” (b).
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
For years, school authorities delved for a solution to save money on their transportation expenses. Nevertheless, it was found that bus route optimization is the excellent solution to curtail expenses in relation to school transportation. And the real question is how to perform bus route optimization?