C-Seasonal abundance of Pulvinaria psidii Maskel stages and total population infest guava trees at Qaliobiya governorate:
Seasonal abundance of P. psidii different stages and total population infesting guava trees at Qaliobiya governorate from 1st April 2005 till mid March 2007 were investigated and tabulated in tables (XVII &XVIII) and graphically illustrated in fig (87-9)
Seasonal fluctuation of ovisacs:
The results in the tables (XVII) and figure (87) proved that, the P. psidii ovisacs have regular occurrence all over the year, except during the end of each year (from 1st January till 1st April) where the number were very low. Also there were a moderate three highness in number egg sacs after that the number is decreased followed that peaks in egg population were achieved. The 1st peak was at mid June (19 ovi sacs/leaf), the 2nd peak at mid August (15 ovisacs/leaf) and the 3rd peak occurred at 1st Nov. with (14 ovisacs/leaf).
Also during second year of study we found three peaks which were recorded at 1st July (12 ovsac / leaf), mid September (18 ovsac / leaf) and 1st December (13 ovsac / leaf) respectively. As we refereed proceeding after the three peaks at the end of second year the numbers of the ovisacs were very low till the end of the year.
Seasonal fluctuation of preadult:
Considering the data of the first year (2005-2006) that shown in the same tables and graphically in Figure (88), it could be detected that nymphal stage had three apexes were achieved during 1st May, 1st August and mid of October 2005 with 320, 285 and 223 nymphs / leaf respectively. The results obtained in the second year (2006-2007) which illustrated in the same table & Fig .demonstrated that P. psidii nymphal...
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...overing a posterior portion of eyes, clypeus with marginal ridge, elevated at its middle and depressed on both sides; epistoma dilated, concealing the base of antennae and subdividing the eyes; antenna 8-segmented, clavate, the terminal joint tapering; labrum dark brown& hairy; mandible with two teeth only. Pronotum reddish brown, meso& metathorax dark brown; elytra reddish brown and shining, with three red spots on each elytron, the two inner spots united; the outer side of the tibia at the basal third with tooth-like extension, claws toothed. Abdominal segments are five visible in female &six in male.
3-Amblyserius swiriskii (Figure 80) This mite is belonging to Family Phytoseiidae, which are free-living predaceous mites, it can be distinguished from other related species by its body which is compressed dorsally, brownish in color, with dorsal shield large.
In wild type culture of C-ferns, it is expected that there will be a high concentration of antheridiogen since the hermaphrodites are producing antheridiogen. The greater the population density of C-ferns, the higher the concentration of antheridiogen; hence a high percentage of male gametophytes in the wild type cultures.
diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than 12,500 of an estimated total of
Nicklaus, R. (1965). Die Erregung einzelner Fadenhaare von Periplaneta americana in Abhängigkeitvon der Größe und Richtung der Auslenkung. Z. vergl. Physiol. 50, 331–362.
Fruiting heads often remain on trees over winter. Fair seed crops occur every year and bumper crops about every 3 years. The staminate and pistillate of Sweetgum is monoeciouse. The small, greenish flowers bloom from march to early May, depending on latitude and weather conditions. Both the staminate and pistillate flowers occur in heads. The staminate inflorescences are racemes; the solitary pistillate flowers are globose heads that that form the multiple head, 2.5 to 3.8cm in diameter, of small, two-celled capsule. The lustrous green color of the fruiting heads fades to yellow as maturity is reached in September to November. The beaklike capsules open at this time, and the small winged seeds, one or two per capsule, are then readily disseminated by wind. However, the seed balls can be safely collected for seed examination several weeks before ball discoloration occurs without harming the seed. Empty flowers are quit sensitive to cold and often damaged by frost.
As a result of these factors, the flora has adapted to these conditions in a variety of ways including their shape, leaf type, root system, and color. One of the most prominent adapt...
In this laboratory experiment, the rate of photosynthesis was measured through the use of the “floating leaf disk technique.” The leaf disks were placed into a syringe and the O2 and CO2 in the mesophyll layers of the leaves were removed and then replaced with sodium bicarbonate or water, causing the leaves to sink to the bottom of the container. If one determines the number of leaf disks rising to the top as a result of an increase in oxygen gas in the mesophyll cells, then the rate of photosynthesis is able to be measured because O2 is a product of photosynthesis. The first step of this experiment was a feasibility study of the variance in the photosynthetic activity of the leaf disks in both water and bicarbonate solutions. After five minutes of light exposure, all of the leaf disks in the bicarbonate solution (10 disks) had ...
They sprayed the plant with bacterial cultures in order to infect the potato plant with the P. infestans. This was done by spraying the plant the P. infestans zoospores in a liquid suspension. After the plant was sprayed, it was moved to a room with 100% humidity in the dark for 12 hours at 18 degrees Celsius. After the twelve hour, they were moved to a growth chamber under controlled conditions. The plants were inspected for infection at the 24,48,and 74 hour mark. THe amount of infection was determined by observing the discoloration on the leaves of the plant.
...y. "Integrated Approaches for Managing the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri (Homoptera: Psyllidae) in Florida." University of Florida: IFAS. N.p., 2007. Web. 5 Dec 2013. .
Introduction: Photosynthesis uses the sun’s energy and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar. There were two plants that stayed outside in the sunlight and two plants that were inside only receiving sunlight from the window. If the plants stay outside then they will grow at a faster rate and will be the tallest with most leaves because they receive more sunlight from the sun and have a fresher environment. Methods: Both the plants inside and outside were exposed to sunlight and given water every day. Results: The plants inside grew more than the plants inside. The plants outside did not last all of the weeks the experiment was being conducted.
Two members of the group were instructed to visit the laboratory each day of the experiment to water and measure the plants (Handout 1). The measurements that were preformed were to be precise and accurate by the group by organizing a standardized way to measure the plants. The plants were measured from the level of the soil, which was flat throughout all the cups, to the tip of the apical meristems. The leaves were not considered. The watering of the plants took place nearly everyday, except for the times the lab was closed. Respective of cup label, the appropriate drop of solution was added to the plant, at the very tip of the apical meristems.
The “Fast Plant” experiment is an observation of a plants growth over the span of twenty-eight days. The objective is to observe how plants grow and use their resources throughout the span of their life. In our lab we observed the Brassica rapa, a herbaceous plant in the mustard family which has a short cycle which makes it a perfect plant to observe in this experiment. Like other plants the Brassica rapa must use the resources in the environment to create energy to complete itʻs life cycle and reproduce. By observing the plant it is easy to see in what organ or function the plant is using itʻs energy and resources and if overtime the resources switch to other part of the plants. By conducting this experiment we are able to observe where and how plants allocate their resources throughout their life by harvesting plants at different points in their life.
When the colony becomes well established, the queen begins to lay some eggs that develop into queens and males. It takes a few years before a colony becomes large enough to send out winged males and young queens to start new colonies. The cycle will now begin all over again. Nests come in all shapes and sizes. One tropical species built a nest that extended forty feet below the surface of the ground.
The reproductive system was mainly located towards the anal area and inferior to the stomach. The penis was located in the middle. It was white in color and looked like a mealworm. The seminal vesicles were located on both sides of the penis. They were grayish pink in color and looked like walnuts.
This investigation will focus on finding the differences in the number, position and sizes of stomata and the effects on the rate of transpiration. More specifically it will compare the stomata of Geranium and Ixora and their ability to transpire. How do the stomata of Geranium and Ixora differ and what effect does this have of their rate of transpiration?