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Women's role in jane austen
Women's role in jane austen
Gender role in works of Jane Austen
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Keeping aside all the established theories of genre traditions the postmodern feminist approach to woman’s attitude toward the social restrictions and religious canons, can be analyzed in order to find the real identity of nineteenth century American woman. Such restrictions have affected her passions; derived her real happiness and freedom beyond the man made moral and religious systems of marriage and post-marital life. Man’s systems of morality and hypocrisy tampered the womanhood and her privacy to choose a life beyond her tolerance and patience. The feminist approach to woman strongly opposes the socio-religious and Andocentric hegemony over woman’s natural choice of life. The postmodern feminist perspective of dividing woman from man created and stereotyped position. It can also be analyzed from a postmodern feminist argument.
Introduction:
Feminism is inseparable from postmodernism. Most of the research in social sciences was, in fact, carried out by feminists in the latter half of the twentieth century. Many feminists discarded the eighteenth century liberal feminism and responded to the fundamental philosophical discourses in the twentieth and twenty first centuries. In the postmodern period feminist observations and discourses have became prominent.
The postmodern feminists refused all the male centered theories related to truth, reality and traditions, etc. They do not accept the universality of ideals of philosophy, reason and theory that have been politically promoted against woman’s ideology. They consider them as theories popularized by men and woman’s experience, ideology and paradigms have never been part of all major established theories. They also deny modernism which has been projected by male centered in ...
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...o. Ltd, 1879. Print.
9. Kaul, A.N. Character and Motive in The Scarlet Letter. Critical Quarterly 10 1968, pp. 373-84. Print.
10. Leone, Bruno, ed. Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne. San Diego: Green haven Press, 1996. Print.
11. Male, Roy R. Hawthorne’s Tragic Vision. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1957. Print.
12. Rahv, Philip. The Dark Lady of Salem. Partisan Review 8 1941, pp. 362-81. Print.
13. Savory, Theodore. The art of Translation. London: Cape. 1957. Print.
14. Stewart, Randall. Nathaniel Hawthorne: A Biography. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1948. Print.
15. Swisher, Clarice. Understanding The Scarlet Letter. Maine: Lucent Books. 2003. Print.
16. Thorslev, Peter L., Jr. The Byronic Hero: Types and Prototypes. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 1962. Print.
17. Van Doren, Mark. Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: William Sloane, 1957. Print.
These sociologists reject the idea of a unified explanation of the experiences of all women. They accept multiple different viewpoints from multiple different sources. Postmodern feminists do not even believe that there is one definition of “woman.” There is a disagreement between radical feminists and postmodern feminists on the idea of the patriarchy. According to this branch, the patriarchy does not exist.
Sewall, Richard B. "The Scarlet Letter: Criticism." Novels for Students. Ed. Diane Telgen. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2001. 319-27.
Smiles, Samuel. "The Scarlet Letter." The Critical Temper. Ed. Martin Tucker. New York City: Frederick Ungar Publishing Company, 1962. 266.
“Lord Byron.” Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of World Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2009: 269-272. Student Resources in Context. Web. 25 Mar. 2014.
Feminist theory, which occurred from feminist doings, marks to twig the kind of masculinity disproportion by scrutinizing women's mutual roles and lived participation; it has industrialized patterns in a range of self-controls in mandate to answer to problems such as the mutual making of femininity and masculinity. Some of the past whereabouts of feminism have been scorned for fascinating into report only antediluvian, conventional, experienced evaluations. This operated to the contraption of genealogically limited or multiculturalist treatments of feminism.
Feminism and The Scarlet Letter  Feminism has been taking the world by storm. From feminist critiques on video game characters to petitions for more female leads in film, this movement has come a long way. That is why it is so incredible that the character Hester Prynne from the novel The Scarlet Letter appears to be a strong female protagonist, a novel written long before the feminism movement began. Some critics lavish praise on Hawthorne’s depiction of a powerful female character, but others view Hester as simply a representation of what men want in a woman. Although some of Hester’s actions are questionable in terms of feminism, she makes up for it in her battle against the Puritan societal constraints she is bound by.  Throughout
Smiles, Samuel. "The Scarlet Letter." The Critical Temper. Ed. Martin Tucker. New York City: Frederick Ungar Publishing Company, 1962. 266.
In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is virtually banished from the Puritan society because of her crime. She was guilty for adultery with the town’s minister, Arthur Dimmesdale. However, the reader is kept in the dark that Dimmesdale is the child’s father until latter part of the novel. Although Hawthorne’s novel accurately depicts the consequences that Hester and Dimmesdale suffer from their sin, the novel does not accomplish the task of reflecting upon the 17th century Puritan gender roles in Hester and Dimmesdale. For one, the mental and physical states of Hester and Dimmesdale are switched. Hester takes on the more courageous role throughout the novel whereas Dimmesdale takes on the more sensitive role. In addition, Hester is examined in accordance to the gender roles set for today’s American women. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is written in a manner that accurately depicts 17th century Puritan society, but does not accurately show gender roles.
Gerber, John C. "Form and Content in The Scarlet Letter." The Scarlet Letter: A Norton Critical Edition. Eds. Seymour Gross, Sculley Bradley, Richmond Croom Beatty, and E. Hudson Long. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1988.
Udayagiri, Mridula. (1995) “Challenging Modernization: Gender and Development, Postmodern Feminism and Activism”, in Marchand, Marianne and Parpart, Jane (eds) Feminism Postmodernism Devlopment, London; New York: Routledge: 159-179.
Hawthorne, Nathaniel. “The Scarlet Letter”. American Literature: Volume One. Ed. William E. Cain. New York: Pearson, 2004. 809-813. Print
Bensick, Carol. “His Folly, Her Weakness: Demystified Adultery in The Scarlet Letter.” New Essays on The Scarlet Letter. Ed. Michael J. Colacurcio. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. 137-159. Print.
Throughout history, women have remained subordinate to men. Subjected to the patriarchal system that favored male perspectives, women struggled against having considerably less freedom, rights, and having the burdens society placed on them that had so ingrained the culture. This is the standpoint the feminists took, and for almost 160 years they have been challenging the “unjust distribution of power in all human relations” starting with the struggle for equality between men and women, and linking that to “struggles for social, racial, political, environmental, and economic justice”(Besel 530 and 531). Feminism, as a complex movement with many different branches, has and will continue to be incredibly influential in changing lives. Feminist political ideology focuses on understanding and changing political philosophies for the betterment of women.
Feminism is a perspective not a research method, meaning there are multiple ways to approach the study of women (Reinharz, 1992). However, a central goal of feminist empiricism, standpoint epistemology, and post-modernism methodologies is that women's lives are important and must understand women from their perspective and in context (O’Donnell, 1985, in Reinharz, 1992). Feminist methodologies all share a dedication to move the focus from the masculine perspective to incorporating both men and women to advance knowledge (DeVault, 1996). Therefore, it is research about women but also for women. It aims to identify various intelligences, the different ways of knowing, and to give a say to the silent voices (DeVault, 1996). Feminist methodologies have opened society’s eyes to a new and innovative way of carrying out research, and have influenced other fields and the way research is formulated. It has also challenged societal norms by questioning patriarchy and traditional notions.
Postfeminism promises the liberation of individual women. It is a reaction against some discerned contradiction and lack of third wave feminism. This is also known as “fourth wave feminism” and it is a wide range of reacting to feminism. The term was used in Susan Bolotin’s article “Voice of the Post- Feminist Generation” in 1982 and was published in New York Times Magazine. In literature, it can be divided into three concept Firstly, post feminism is seen as a ‘political position’ that is exhibited to feminist facing challenges, or secondly, as a historical change within feminism or thirdly, as a reaction against feminism where a celebration of neoconservative, values is