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Few characters in literature can spark such creativity and imagination in so many individuals as the biblical Satan, or the devil. Retellings of the great fall of Lucifer and his subsequent antics on Earth are subject of countless novels, plays, and books by some of the world’s greatest authors. The figure of the “fallen one” that utilizes deception, charm, and wit to achieve his self-serving goals has an allure that has drawn readers for centuries. It can be argued that among these lies Joyce Carrol Oates’s famous short story “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” The character of Arnold Friend in the story is representative of the devil through his appearance, speech, and the many religious allusions of the story. The Fallen One is …show more content…
Being a supernatural being, he does not fit perfectly into the world of humanity. This results in an appearance that fills those the devil encounters with unease or discomfort, such the Black Man in “The devil and Tom Walker,” whose appearance resembles that of a human in rough native American clothing, but is ultimately alienating in form by his otherworldly black skin. Arnold Friend is no exception to this rule, portrayed as an out of place individual struggling under the guise of a teenage youth. From Arnold’s first appearance at the movie theatre, Connie finds his appearance odd by his “Shaggy, shabby black hair that looked crazy as a wig” (Oates). This description indicates not only that his hair is bizarre in style, but that it appears almost like a ruse to appear more human. The implication surfaces again when Arnold “placed his sunglasses on top of his head, carefully, as if he were indeed wearing a wig” (Oates). The theme of discord in his style follows to Arnold’s clothing …show more content…
The most prominent of these is Arnold’s “Secret Code” painted onto the side of his car which Robson cites as an analog to the biblical passage from Judges 19:17 as well as the origin of the story’s title. The characters throughout the story also utter multiple references to a biblical Satan in their dialogue, as Easterly notes in “The shadow of a satyr in Oate's ‘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?’” She notes that the utterances of “Christ, Christ” and “Who the hell do you think you are?” (Oates) are frequently used as evidence indicating that Arnold is a Satanic figure. In this vein, one could also infer that the sign of the X that Arnold draws over Connie could be analogous to the Devil marking those under his power with the Number of the Beast. Connie perceives this almost as a lingering supernatural force as well, as “The X was still in the air, almost visible”
Throughout “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” Arnold Friend is a very intimidating and mysterious character that is hard to figure out. Arnold knows everything about Connie, a teenage girl that he has never met before. He is very persistent with getting Connie to run away from her awful teenage life at home with him. Arnold’s appearance adds even more mystery to who he actually is. Arnold has a roughed up look to him, a secret code painted on his car that can be interpreted as a Bible verse, and he can not stand steady on his feet, because of all of these attributes Arnold appears that he is possibly Satan.
At the end of the movie, a stranger named Arnold Friend encountered Connie at her home while she was home alone. Arnold was a vicious, but alluring character. The way he dressed was as if he tried to imitate a young teenage boy. First, his intentions for Connie were kind of blurry. Connie, being as
A Faustian legend is a story in which a character trades something of great personal value to the devil in order to receive personal gain. Since this type of literature originated in the Fourth Century it has spread throughout the world. Two relatively recent versions of this legend are “The Devil and Tom Walker” by Washington Irving and “The Devil and Daniel Webster” by Vincent Benét. These stories show many similarities as well as a few differences. While both Benét and Irving present similar themes in setting of the tales and motivation in the Faustian character, they do differ in the nature of that character and their visual presentation of the Devil.
My definition of evil is in its most general context, is taken as the absence of that which is ascribed as being good. Often, evil is used to denote profound immorality. In this situation I would have to say Arnold’s friend most exemplifies evil. Arnold Friend could be an allegorical devil figure, the protagonist who lures Connie into riding off with him in his car, or, in the contrary, far more a grotesque portrait of a psychopathic killer masquerading as a teenager. However, he has all the traditional, sinister traits of that arch deceiver and source of grotesque terror, the devil, with his painted eyelashes, shaggy hair, and stuffed boots. In the story, Oates does make Arnold out to be a psychopathic stalker, but never objectively states the diabolical nature to his character.
Washington Irving the author of the tale “The Devil and Tom Walker” uses stories from literatures past, to make a compelling tale, The Devil and Tom walker represents the importance of processing morals and the problems associated when virtue fails to exist. He also creates the right tone for the story and gives details throughout the story, so the readers figure out the topic of the story and how it will change their perspective on the temptation of greed. “Greed is a bottomless pit which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy the need without ever reaching satisfaction.”-Erich Fromm. He describes each character in a way that you can assume who they are, their character, and the decisions that they might make throughout the story. However, he provides a background for each character to understand their choses and their ultimate demise.
There have been numerous stories, tunes, movies, and craft depicting the exemplary story of man vs. the fallen angel. The old German legend of "Faust," which is accepted to be the primary impact in Washington Irving's "The Devil and Tom Walker", was utilized as a lesson to alarm individuals from wrongdoing. On the other hand, Washington utilized the general subject of bartering with the villain for a lavishly typical and captivating story with inconceivable detail and style of prominent gothic fiction in Europe, where he inhabited the time it was composed. Irving's dull unmistakable style and three naughty characters passed on the ethical message of Faust all around by utilizing typical talk and dark parody.
Mr. Walker, known for greed through tout the town of Charles Bay , leads him to sell his soul to the devil in exchange for insignificant items. Mr. Walker exemplifies laziness , though he wants as many materialistic things,he is unmotivated to work for it. As said in the text,"Tom consoled himself for the loss of his property, with the loss of his wife, for he was a man of fortitude. He even felt gratitude toward the black woodsman, who, he considered, had done him a kindness,” this quote displays Tom’s twisted values, placing materialistic things above his wife exceedingly. Tom despises her to an extent to where
Arnold Friend could possibly be a symbol of the devil. Friend tries to be kind and tells Connie he will take care of her and everything to try and get her to come with him. Oates says, “His whole face was a mask, she thought wildly, tanned down onto his throat…”; this could symbolically be connected with the devil. The devil would never be out in the open he would be in disguise. McManus also talks about how Friend is related with the devil. “Friend’s suggestion is that if Connie’s house was on fire, that she would run out to him, may also suggest symbolism. Fire being associated with devil.” This is a great symbol of Friend and the devil because fire is most definitely associated with the
Irving, Washington. “The Devil and Tom Walker”. Elements of Literature: Fifth Course. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2008. 175-185. Print.
There are many different ways to describe and name Satan; the most common synonym today is “Devil” (a). The Gospels depict the figure Satan as a power whose presence can be felt and perceived in his effects and motions on human beings (a). Adele Reinhartz analyses the use of Satan in Jesus biopics, and how closely his portrayal in film is to his depiction in the four Gospels. Reinhartz raises many important obstacles and challenges that filmmakers face when depicting Satan. Filmmakers must decide weather or not they should include Satan as a physical being, or limit his portrayal, and portray Satan as someone who is heard but unseen (Reinhartz, 9.3). George Steven’s The Greatest Story Ever Told depicts the story of Jesus Christ from the Nativity
First, Arnold Friend’s physical traits portray him as Satan. Oates says that “There were two boys in the car and now she recognized the driver: he had shaggy, shabby black hair that looked crazy as a wig and he was grinning at her,” (Oates 316). The hair could actually be a wig hiding something that he didn’t want someone to see. Maybe he was hiding his devil horns. Also when he was standing Connie had mentioned that “He was standing in a strange way, leaning back against the car as if he were balancing himsel...
In Washington Irving’s short story, “The Devil and Tom Walker,” Tom revolves his life around his own selfish wants. Tom and his wife were not a right match for each other. The trouble in their relationship is they would seek out the others stash of treasures to take as their own. In their mind they cannot be happy with what they already have, but imbedded in each other is the need for more. Greed overshadows Tom’s inner conscience, and he goes to great lengths to satisfy his wants. On one ordinary day Tom decides to take a shortcut home, “Like most shortcuts, it was an ill chosen route. The swamp was thickly grown with great gloomy pines and hemlocks, some of them ninety feet high, which made it dark at noonday… (Irving 4).” Any typical human being would have enough common sense not to take a route through a dark, frightening swap. While resting in the swap, Tom met a strange “black man.” Tom’s wife fell into the trap many do, the idea of wealth caused her to fall into the hands of the devil. With his wife gone, he made a deal with the devil to open up a broker’s shop in order to ob...
Arnold Friend is the devil in human form. However, as his physical description progresses, he becomes more unreal and more caricature-like with every trait. Everything Connie, the protagonist and object of Arnold Friend's desire, sees is like something else she knows, familiar and recognizable. These traits, however, do not create a homologous character; instead it is an awkward collection of incongruities. If a trait does not appear borrowed, it appears fake or imitating. His hair is "shaggy [and] shabby . . . that looked crazy as a wig," and Connie's assertion is strengthened when he put his sunglasses on his head "as if he were indeed wearing a wig." Already Arnold Friend seems assembled, completely divergent from human characteristics. Connie describes the way he is dressed, as well as his body type, as similar to every other boy out there. With every physical detail, Arnold Friend seems more and more like the devil taking on the appearance of a typical teenage boy in order to prevent scaring young girls away. "His face was a familiar...
Connie first encounters Arnold in a parking lot while she is out with her friends, but she does not yet know who he is. She notices him standing near his car, a gold colored convertible jalopy, staring at her. When she walks by he says he is going to "get" her, but Connie does not think anything of it and just turns away.
We see that good vs. evil has been a theme that is ubiquitous in many writings. The story "The Devil and Tom Walker" is a story about a man who lives an immoral life of greed. Walker lives in a wooded area, where it is solemn, and quiet area of New England. Walker runs into the devil and sees that the devil is cutting down someone else's timber.