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Deviant behavior and social control
Gender and juvenile delinquency
Hirschis theory on social bonding
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Applying criminological theory to a suspect’s anecdotal evidence can help to distinguish which suspect could be the possible offender. In this certain case, poor Tigger has been murdered and there are 3 possible suspects. Merton’s Anomie Theory will be applied to suspect number 1: Winnie The Pooh. Eysenck’s Theory will be applied to suspect number 2: Piglet and Social Bond Theory will be applied to suspect number 3: Eeyore. Merton’s Anomie theory works around the theory that a society or culture inadvertently bring out offending behavior through pressure between the social norms and the compulsion to achieve them (Thio, 1975). There are 5 aspects of social structure that associate with this theory (Merton, 1938). Conformity, innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion (Merton 1938). Winnie the Pooh is generally a conformist. He is described as being astute and helpful, quizzes Tigger about where his manners are, and apologies when he has realized that what he said is wrong. This shows that he has an understanding towards to social accepted norms and goals and has the capacity to achieve them. Unfortunately Pooh also has a serious honey addiction. Deviant acts may occur when Pooh tries to manage the negative effects of his honey addiction (Agnew, 1992), which relates to Retreatism (Merton, 1938). Although there have been arguments against drug use or addiction being categorized with Retreatism (Clinard & Nettler 1965). Pooh tends to adhere to social norms and aspirations so isn’t at a high risk according to Merton’s theory to commit any serious deviant acts such as murder. Eysenck’s theory of criminality revolves around 3 main principles of a personality test (Bartol & Holanchock 1979). These principles consist of Extroversi... ... middle of paper ... ...dy habits and eysenck's theory of extroversion-introversion. Journal of Research and Personality, 16(2), 139-146. Gundy-Yoder, A. V. (2007). Gender, parental attachment, delinquency: Revisitng hirschi's social bond theory. Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/ucin1172687526/inline Hirschi, T. (2002). Causes of delinquency . Transaction Publishers. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=VaRwAAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR10&dq=causes of delinquency&ots=EPZfQh-_oO&sig=8vohAhY8BzEaNh2HJP5a3rNiO-Q Chilton, R. (1971). Travis hirschi: Causes of delinquency (book review). 49(4), 648. Retrieved from http://0-heinonline.org.prospero.murdoch.edu.au/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/josf49&collection=journals&page=648 Randy, H. (2001). Involvement in sports and engagement of delinquency: An examination of hirschi's social bond theory. 17-25.
Regoli, R., Hewitt, J., DeLisi, M. (2011), The Essentials Delinquency in Society, Jones and Bartlett Publishers
Church, W. T., Wharton, T., & Taylor, J. K. (2008). An examination of differential association and social control theory: Family systems and delinquency. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 7(1), 3-15.
Wiatrowski, M.D., Griswold, D.B., & Roberts, M.K. (1981). Social control theory and delinquency. American Sociological Review, 46(5), 525-541.
The first construct, attachment, relates to people and how close an individual is to whom they care about and how strong the affectional ties are, for example, to a family member or a friend. This concept states that if individuals have strong family bonds they will be less likely to commit crimes because the aspiring criminal cares about the opinions of those close to them. Social Control Theory addresses that attachments to parents are parent supervision are important in controlling delinquency (Akers & Sellers, 2013, pg. 118). The more adolescents are attached to the parts, the less likely they are to be delinquent (Akers & Sellers, 2013, pg. 118).
Eysenck, H.J., & Gudjonsson, G.H. (1989). The causes and cures of criminality. Contemporary Psychology, 36, 575-577.
These theories include the anomie, strain, labeling, and social control theories of a crime. Throughout the paper, I will explain what each theory is arguing, while also including its strengths and weaknesses. I will then choose which theory I think explains crime the best. The first theory I will introduce is the anomie theory. This theory challenges biologically based theories by arguing that our internal drives and motives are not impacted in crime, instead crime is motivated by society. Basically, anomie theory eliminates the idea of being born as a criminal based on genetics. To go more in depth, anomie theory suggests that crime is motivated by the “American
The three eras that have characterized the field of criminology over the past 100 years are the “Golden Age of Research,” the “Golden Age of Theory,” and an unnamed era that was “’characterized by extensive theory testing of the dominant theories, using largely empirical methods’” (28). The “Golden Age of Research” era spanned from 1900 to 1930 according to John H. Laub. This era is identified as focusing heavily on the collection of data surrounding crime and the criminal. This data was assessed without “any particular ideational framework” (28). The second era, the “Golden Age of Theory,” spanned from 1930 to 1960, also according to Laub. This era is also rather self-explanatory, it is described by the development of theories; however, Laub
Siegel, L. J. (2013). Trait theories. Criminology: theories, patterns, and typologies (11th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
The Social Bond theory was created by Travis Hirschi in 1969. Elements of social bonding include attachment to families, commitment to social norms and institutions (school, employment), involvement in activities, and the belief that these things are important. Attachment is described as the level of values and or norms that an individual hold in society. Attachment is especially important when it comes to the person’s parental figures. Commitment is a rational component or an assessment of the costs and benefits of crime. Are these people afraid to lose a special person or a relationship? The factor of involvement is a person’s choice to get involved in conventional versus deviant behavior. This choice is formed not far after basic rules
Hollin. C, Koppen. P, Penrod. S (2003) Psychology, Crime and Law (journal); Volume 9, No 2: Brunner Routledge
Thompson, W. E. and Bynum J. E. (2010). Juvenile Delinquency: A sociological Approach Eighth Edition. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Akers, R. L., & Sellers, C. S. (2009) Criminological theories: Introduction, evaluation, and application (Fifth ed). New York: Oxford University Press.
Table 12.1: Overview of theories of criminal and deviant behavior). However there are a lot of educational programs for teachers, parents and students, as well as drug treatment programs. These programs are aimed at helping to deal with the “born criminal” instead of simply separating them from society. When it comes to empirical support for these theories it is low to none. Factors such as the methods, samples, and measurements used is questioned (Akers & Sellers, 2009. Pg.70), leading to a lack of evidence to help support the theory of “born criminals”.
Criminality constitutes strategic mannerisms characterized by apathy to misery inflicted on others, egocentricity and depressed self-control. Habitual criminal behaviour seeks to satisfy the offender’s desires for material prestige, power or pleasurable feelings regardless to damage inflicted to victim or society. Such behaviors extend mistrust, fuel prejudice, and largely corrupt social cohesion. Biological, psychological and environmental attributes are thought to heavily influence antisocial and criminal behaviour. Numerous studies have proven that active emulation, genetic predispositions and psychosocial labeling are all complementary to development and expressions of criminal behaviour. There has historically been a myriad of theories that attempt to explain criminal behaviour through different perspectives, all which constitute intricate paradigms that play a role in expressio...
Bridges, K. M. Banham . "Factors Contributing to Juvenile Delinquency." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 17.4 (1927): 531-76. scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu. Web. 15 Mar. 2014.