Analysis and Evaluation of Neutralisation
An example of neutralisation is this:
[IMAGE]Acid or Alkali + Base Salt + Water + Hydrogen
This investigation will investigate the reaction of hydrochloric acid
and sodium hydroxide where these two liquid compounds neutralise each
other. We will be monitoring the temperature of the liquids as more of
the hydrochloric acid (HCL) is added.
[IMAGE]Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid Sodium Chloride + water
[IMAGE]NaOH + HCL NaCl + H2O
I predict that this reaction will be exothermic as this reaction
creates bonds, which will give out heat. The reaction creates bonds
between the hydrogen and the hydroxide ions, ie another Hydrogen -
Oxygen bond is being formed.
(l)
[IMAGE]
(aq)
(aq)
H+ + OH - H2O
[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE]H+ + O - H O
H H
This formula is called neutralisation. As shown when the hydrogen and
hydroxide react together an extra bond is created between the
Hydroxide and hydrogen to form water (H2O). The results collected are
shown in the table below.
[IMAGE]
Text Box: The results collected in the experiment have been shown on a graph. The graph shows a temperature increase up to 26.9oC. This was taken when 28cm3 of HCL was added to the solution. This is where neutralisation has occurred. After this point the temperature slowly decreased.
[IMAGE]
We can find out the total amount of energy released in this reaction.
This is done by using this equation.
4.2Joules of energy will rise the temperature of 1g of water by 1oC
In my experiment there was an temperature increase of 5.1oC. The total
weight of the fluids used is 53 cm3. The density of water is 1g/cm3 so
53 cm3 of HCL and NaOH is equal to 53g
53g x 4.2j = 222.6 joules to raise the temperature of the solution by
1oC. The temperature of the solution was raised by 5.1oC so:
222.6 J x 5.1oC = 1135.26 J
This equation shows us that 1135.26 joules of energy were used in
The purpose of this experiment is to try to find the original temperature of the hot water in the heater using the 60 degrees C thermometer. Use your 60°C thermometer, and any materials available in your laboratory, to determine the temperature of the water in the coffee pot. During this experiment we calculated the original temperature of a heater after it had been cooled down, and we did this by measuring hot, cold, and warm water, with a thermometer that had tape covering 60 degrees and up. When preformed each of these experiments with each temperature of water, plugging them into the equation (Delta)(Ti – hot – Tf) T Hot x Cp x Mass(Cold) = (Delta)(Tf – Ti – Cold) T Cold x Cp x Mass(Hot)(d
The mean for the temperatures is 0.116 and the solvents is 20. We predicted the 37 Celsius would be the most absorbed, but it was the -20 Celsius which can be seen in the graph above.
10cm3 of 1 molar solution. I will use 3 of each solution to ensure that
Compare the different groups who drank 7.5ml of fluid for each kg of body weight. Which group had the highest average specific gravity? Why?
In a Styrofoam cup, record the temperature of the 200 ml of cold water. This is 200 g of water, as the density of water is 1 g/ml.
The purpose of the lab was to show the effect of temperature on the rate of
The objective of the lab is to determine the heat of the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid in the calorimeter. To determine the enthalpy change of the chemical reaction, a calorimeter was placed onto the workbench. A balance was place on the workbench. The calorimeter was placed onto the balance and weighed to be 18.600 grams. A thermometer was attached to the calorimeter. The initial temperature recorded is 21.5 C. 50 mL of 1M of Hydrochloric Acid was placed into the calorimeter. 0.150 grams of magnesium was added into the calorimeter. A chemical reaction had occurred and the observed temperature was 34.5 C. The calorimeter was placed onto the electronic scale and was measured to be 68.738 grams. The used calorimeter were
In this experiment there were three different phases, phase one was A: Heat of Neutralization ΔH_N, phase two was B: Heat of Solution ΔH_S and phase three was C: Heat of Reaction ΔH_R. Phase one had four steps and it started with 50mL of 1.0 M HCL and 50.0mL of 1.0 M NaOH being measured out and transferred into two different calorimeters. Both of the substances that were placed in the calorimeters had no color. Next from minute 1-4 the temperature of the HCL was ...
Methodology: A plastic cup was filled half way with crushed ice and mixed with four spoonfuls of 5 mL of sodium chloride. A thermometer was quickly placed inside the cup to take the temperature and the
The base unit for volume is m3, however in the experiment this unit too big so cm3 was used because the burette is measured in
Neutralization Experiment AIM:- To investigate how heat is given out in neutralizing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) using different concentrations of Hydrochloric Acid. Background Information:- Substances that neutralize acids are called alkalis. An acid is a substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+ ) when placed in water. It can also be described as a proton donor as it provides H+ ions. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) etc.
Independent variables: The temperature of hcl gas will be decreased and increased throughout the experiment.
In a 100ml beaker 30mls of water was placed the temperature of the water was recorded. 1 teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate was added to the water and stirred until dissolved. The temperature was then recorded again. This was to see the difference between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
My aim in this piece of work is to see the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction in a solution of hydrochloric acid containing sodium thiosulphate.
The last part of experiment 5, was learning about specific gravity and temperature. Specific gravity does not have any units, it is unitless. When measuring for the temperature, we used a thermometer to calculate the Celsius of the water, 10% sodium chloride, and isopropyl alcohol. The specific gravity uses a hydrometer to measure the gravity of the liquids. Using the hydrometer, to figure out the measurements we have to look at it from top to bottom. The water for specific gravity was .998 while the temperature of it was 24