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The globalization of tourism
Globalisation and tourism
The globalization of tourism
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Zygmunt Bauman unpacks the social roots and consequences of the globalising process in present-day human condition while busting some popular myths and perceptions of ‘globalisation’ as an intractable and immutable shibboleth, believed to affect everyone in the same measure and manner (perceived unity of effects). He invokes the concept of time-space compression for the multi-faced transformation of the dharply differentiated and differentiating uses of various related parameters. Thus, globalisation is as divisive as it is unitive of the existential conditions of entire populations and myriad segments. Moreover, the causes of division are identical to those promoting uniformity across the globe. Along with the emerging planetary dimensions …show more content…
Without any alternative images of the good life/utopia or own political agenda, the vagabonds’ sole aim is to be allowed to become tourists. In a restless world, the only acceptable human form of restlessness is tourism. The vagabond and tourist are both consumers, but the former is a flawed one. Their relationship to the world is primarily aesthetic. Their ‘savouring’ attitude towards the world unites them, rendering them alike. The tourists try hard to forget and repress this similarity. The vagabonds desire a share in the perceived lifestyles of tourists but cannot really afford the kind of sophisticated choices in which consumers are expected to excel. Thus, their potential to be consumers is limited by their scarce resources, making their position in society precarious as they fail to lubricate the wheels of the consumer society or contribute to economic prosperity. Tourists visualise a utopian world without vagabonds. Much of their efforts in society in the form of their obsession with ‘law and order’, criminalisation of poverty and recurrent spongers-bashing. This politics reflect their ongoing effort to life social reality against all odds to the level of that utopia. However, the catch is that the lives of tourists would not be half as enjoyable as if there no vagabonds were present to display the alternative to that
The article written by Alexis Celeste Bunten called “Sharing culture or selling out?” talks about the theory of “commodified persona” or the “self commodification” of a tourism worker in Sitka and how capitalism has influenced the way a tour guide is presented. Chapter eleven in Charles C. Mann’s book called “1491, New Revelations of the Americas before Columbus” is a slight summary of the second half of the book which talks about how similar Indians were more advanced than the colonists and that we should accept the fact that indigenous people and their societies have influenced American culture.
In "Bread" two children try to put their parents' house together (or perhaps take it apart) after their parents' accidental death; one seeks refuge in sarcasm and denial, while the other makes bread which will never be eaten and thinks on various kinds of "debris": the "still-smoking rubble" of his two-year marriage, the pile of clothes which has "nothing to do with how my mother wore my father's flannel shorts on Sunday to cook in..."In the stylistically innovative "Bring Your Friends to the Zoo," a couple (these are nearly always duets of longing) awkwardly try to dismantle (or remember?) their affair, while being directed by the narrator about how to move, what to see: "Once through the gate, face right.The Deer House, the Camel House ... As you face your right you see a path before you.Take it."The zoo would seem at first neutral ground, but we discover there is no neutrality, no one is the innocent bystander, the one-day tourist.In "Is Anyone Left This Time of Year?" tourism of another kind is explored when a recently widowed man visits a town where there are no more tourists, and once there, shell-shocked with grief, he merely repeats everything said to him, thus becoming an echo of his previous visits; absolutely passive, he is the compleat tourist, merely and only "seeing" the sights.
Dean MacCannell explores the concept of “authenticity,” a quality of genuineness that many people spend time searching for. Throughout the chapter “Staged Authenticity” of The Tourist, there are points that explore this common desire for wholesome experience in new places. In the societal structure of today, however, it is becoming more and more difficult to find authenticity, as we get further and further “mystified” looking for a true and sincere reality. MacCannell makes statements regarding how difficult it is to find realness in the modern world, but never makes a claim that clearly defines authenticity. Instead, MacCannell’s use of paradoxical phrases, visual examples that are relevant to readers, and self-contradiction around the ideas of mystification and reality strengthen his point that there is no concrete definition of authenticity.
Many people are prevented from traveling worldwide by finances or principalities. In Tales of a Female Nomad, children's author Rita Golden Gelman abandons her comfortable, even luxurious lifestyle, at the age of forty-eight to become a nomad. This author's soulfulness stretches from the page to the readers, enveloping them in a vivid experience that few could otherwise imagine.
In Alain de Botton’s collection of philosophical essays, The Art of Travel and Tim Winton’s short story ‘Neighbours’, the representation of people and landscapes leads us to a greater awareness of the complexity of human attitudes and behaviours. This is explored through the idea that changes in one’s receptivity to the landscape can determine their perspective of it and thus influence their behaviour and attitude towards those people in the landscape. The desire for a new landscape is due to the non-receptivity to the old landscape, this is explored in de Botton’s first essay, ‘On Anticipation’ with his experience of Barbados. The representation presented to him by the travel brochure was a severe abbreviation of reality, and thus his expectations of Barbados were overtly influenced by the misleading representation given to him.
In her essay, “Last Resorts: The Cost of Tourism in the Caribbean”, journalist Polly Pattullo presents an inside view of the resort industry in the Caribbean Islands, and how it truly operates. Tourism is the main industry of the Caribbean, formerly referred to as the West Indies, and it is the major part of the economy there. Pattullo’s essay mirrors the ideas of Trevor M.A. Farrell’s perspective “Decolonization in the English-Speaking Caribbean” in which he writes about the implicit meaning of the colonial condition. Pattollo’s essay illustrates that colonialism is present in the Caribbean tourism industry by comparing the meaning of it presented in Farrell’s perspective. In this essay I will explain how these two essays explain how decolonization hardly exists in the Caribbean.
The Westerner referring most commonly to those that are of European descent see the island of Jamaica, to be exotic, a place of wonder and discovery, which is why they decided to settle in hopes of exploring this unknown territory to find adventure just as Edward Said described in Latent and Manifest Orientalism. To this day modern westerners, tourists, have the same mentality that Said described when they travel to Jamaica, they see it as a place to of adventure, a vacation from the boredom and stress that they have experienced back home. What tourists do not realize is that they are able to experience this adventure at the expense of other people’s hard work and labor, which is the Natives daily life. These people may bask all day in what the tourist thinks they enjoy the...
Globalisation can be construed in many ways. Many sociologists describe it as an era in which national sovereignty is disappearing as a result of a technological revolution, causing space and time to be virtually irrelevant. It is an economic revolution, which Roland Robertson refers to in his book ‘Globalisation’ 1992 pg 8, as “the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole”. It is argued that globalisation allows the world to become increasingly more united, with people more conscious of ethnic, societal, civilizational and individual aspects of their lives.
Every year thousands of tourists visit the islands of Antigua, they come from all over the world to drain their sorrows of reality by ridding their pockets of the cash they strive to work so hard for. Although Antigua seems to be filled with relaxation, sunshine and rainbows, and devoid of anything that could ruin somebody’s week, unfortunately, Antigua is quite the opposite of that of what we imagine. Author Jamaica Kincaid argues this false reality tourists imagine about the island, by addressing many issues she witnessed while growing up in Antigua.
...xtent will this essay bring about a change in Antigua? The Antiguan scene can only be modified by the government choosing to run the country in a more manner that will benefit everyone associated with Antigua, especially its natives. The native’s behaviours are related to their jealousy of tourists, and of the tourist’s ability to escape their own hometown to take a vacation. While a tourist can relate to the idea that the exhaustion felt after a vacation comes from dealing with the invisible animosity in the air between the natives and themselves, having this knowledge is almost as good as not having it, because there is nothing that the tourist, or the reader, can really DO about it! If Kincaid’s purpose is solely to make tourists aware of their actions, she has succeeded. If Kincaid’s purpose is to help Antigua, she may not have succeeded to the same magnitude.
Over the past twenty years dark tourism has become more diverse (Stone P. , 2006). Dark tourism destinations are prisons, battlefields, sites of genocide and natural disasters such as the Nazi concentration camp in Auschwitz, Ground Zero in New York and The Killing Fields in Cambodia (Kuukasjärvi, 2006). There are many types of dark tourism. Dark sites can be divided into multiple shades of dark tourism. According to Stone (2006), there is a ‘dark tourism spectrum’. Seven dark suppliers have been intr...
There are an estimated 21,000 travellers currently living in the Republic of Ireland, over half of whom have no access to toilet facilities, electricity, refuse collection or piped water. In the past they invariably travelled, but misguided government policy from the 1960s onward ensured that many were persuaded to settle in houses – a policy that, in undermining traditional values and lifestyle, is increasingly questioned, if not actively altered. Traditionally, they were metal workers, hawkers, traders in horses and used goods of all description, and provided services where and when there were gaps in the market. This resistance to wage labour and alternative cultural definition of work led to charges of idleness by the uncomprehending. The necessity of living on their wits led to a stereotype of travellers as shrewd, even cunning, dealers.
Globalization is defined as “the historical process involving a fundamental shift or transformation in the spatial scale of human social organization that links distant communities and expands the reach of power relations across regions and continents (Baylis, 2014).”
Tourism is a typical activity of fashion that the public participate widely and it has grown in importance over recorded human history. Innumerable articles refer tourism as “the world’s largest industry”; policy-makers, analysts, and scholars often speak of the size of the tourism compared to that of other industries (Smith 2004: 26). These series of misleading statement, together with the mass media’s reports (out of context), make the idea that tourism is a single large industry branded into many people’s minds. However, in this essay I will demonstrate that it is a simplistic and misleading idea, which should be replaced by the plural term, “tourism industries”. Moreover, tourism is not the world’s largest industry, but largest service sector.
"Globalization is a process of world shrinkage, of distances getting shorter, things moving closer. It pertains to t...