Introduction Amelanchier Medic., commonly known as serviceberry or shadbush, is a genus of shrubs to trees in the Rosaceae family containing approximately twenty species. Amelanchier is native to North America, and select species are invasive in Europe (Kabuce and Priede, 2010). Habitats include roadsides, riversides, forest and meadow edges, open fields, shallow rocky substrates, acidic soils, and mountainous terrain (Mackie et al., 2001; Underwood, 2012). Species identification of Amelanchier is difficult due to frequent hybridization between species (Campbell et al., 1987). Polyploidy is a common feature shared by most of the species of Amelanchier, majority being triploid or tetraploid. With such genetic complexity, new subspecies and …show more content…
spicata has much horticultural value to the industry and offers positive attributes over numerous seasons. In the spring, dense white blossoms provide attractive color, especially as a thick groundcover. Similar to blueberry, blue-black fruits provide delicious and healthy alternatives in the summer season and rich red-orange fall foliage is decorative to compliment any landscape. Birds consume fruit and disperse seeds, making A. spicata an essential shrub for wildlife enthusiasts. Most of these characteristic are shared by other species of Amelanchier and are also worth exploring for industrial value. There is limited information in the literature on propagation of A. spicata. Dirr and Heuser (2006) found that warm and cold stratification of seeds promoted germination, although associated durations are not available. Softwood stem cuttings of A. spicata have also been successful when rooted in sandy soil, but the types of growth hormones and/or concentrations were not included (Dirr and Heuser, …show more content…
Common sulfur compounds used to suppress pH include: elemental sulfur, flaked elemental sulfur, ground elemental sulfur, ferrous sulfate, and aluminum sulfate. Smaller particles have more surface area compared to larger counterparts, allowing for more effective oxidation. Giblin and Gillman (2006) determined that substrates amended with all of the mentioned sulfur compounds, except aluminum sulfate, had a mean pH between 4.0 and 5.5 at lowest applications, a range for acceptable blueberry growth. Moreover, coarse particles that have low exterior surface exposure and greater internal surfaces have reduced reactivity compared to fine particles. Huang et al. (2007) found that particles smaller than 75µm react within 7 days and 250µm within 77 days, a measure of particle size efficiency. Soil precipitates of iron and organic carbon can inhibit limestone reactivity by coating particles (Huang et al.,
Grelen, Harold E. May Burns Stimulate Growth of Longleaf Pine Seedlings. New Orleans: Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1978.
Peter Salem : a slave who was freed by his owner, Jeremiah Belknap, to join the Framingham militia in Massachusetts. He was a patriot for over seven years, supporting the Americans fight the British, and became a militia himself and served for four years and eight months. In 1775, Peter took part in fighting the war’s first battle at Concord. He enrolled in Captain Drury’s Company of John Nixon’s 6th Massachusetts Regiment. He also took part in the Battle of Bunker Hill, where he mortally wounded British Marine Major, John Pitcairn. Then in 1776, he reenlisted for another year in the 4th Continental Regiment. After his enlistment was over, he volunteer for three years in the 6th Massachusetts Regiment of Colonel Thomas Nixon. Achievement : Contribute to Concord battle(1775), Battle of the Bunker Hill(1775), and the Battles of Saratoga and Stony Point(1777).
The experiment was designed to test the hypothesis by planting an increasing number of genus Helianthus (sunflower) seeds in pots to see how they respond to increased density in limited space. Two replicates each of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 seeds were planted in similar size pots containing an equal mix of potting soil and perlite. All plants were kept in greenhouse conditions exposed to similar light and temperatures settings and were watered at equivalent intervals. At the end of the time period each pot was evaluated for number of seeds that had germinated as well as number of stems with blooms. Stems and blooms were cut and weighed.
Each of these Pennsylvania evergreen species provides a variety of resources unique to their own species. Whether it be producing timbe...
Germinating tobacco seeds are a very delicate thing to do. Seeds are spread out on the surface of a seedbed to be nursed until they are strong enough to be out in a field. The “nursery” takes about 2 months of supervising the growth of the plant and to control diseases and pests (Akehurst, 1968). Before replanting in a field, producers have to assess a field site. There needs to be a reliable
The American chestnut which was once almost eliminated from existence in the late 1950's has once again emerged thanks to conservation efforts. Chestnut blight, a deadly fungus, has the ability to kill chestnut trees. However, some chestnut species in Asia have resistance to blight. As a result, a method of conservation has been through hybridizing American species with Asian species. Another method of conservation has been through hypovirulence strains in the infection is reduced. Independently, this hypovirulence method may be a reason why some American chestnuts are surviving despite being infested with chestnut blight. This issue remains important to both the timber industry, although that isn't why chestnuts are being restored, and certain ecological organizations including the Nature Conservancy.
If you were a soldier of the Continental Army during the winters at Valley Forge, would you have quit? The Continental Army was an army of militiamen that was created by the Continental Congress. The soldiers and generals in the army had little to no experience, and they lacked supplies such as quality clothing, proper shelters, and sufficient food. The Continental Army was led by George Washington, one of the best generals in U.S. history, who taught the soldiers almost everything they knew. On October 1777, British General Howe brought his army of 18,000 redcoats into the national capital of Philadelphia. Consequently, Washington decided to move his army to Valley Forge, an area just 18 miles from Philadelphia, to keep watch on them. It just
Age wrinkles the body, quitting wrinkles the soul. Many soldiers are quitting Valley Forge and are sometimes called summer soldiers or sunshine patriots because they leave if it gets hard but returns when it gets easy. Valley Forge happened in the winter of 1777 to 1778. The camp was very close to starving. The camp was set up 18 miles outside of Philadelphia. The doctors used live chicken pox on healthy soldiers to try to get the body to reject the chicken pox symptoms. In 1773, 310 streetlights were installed in Boston. I have decided to not re-enlist for three reasons which are: sickness, the conditions, and the deaths.
Cox, P. W., & Leslie, P. (1999). Texas Trees: a Friendly Guide.. U.S.A: Corona Pub. Co..
“I am Sick - discontented - and out of humour. Poor food - hard lodging - Cold Weather - fatigue - Nasty Cloaths - nasty Cookery - Vomit half my time - smoak’d out of my senses - the Devil’s in’t - I can’t Endure it - Why are we sent here to starve and Freeze…” Valley Forge, the hell of the American Revolution. The American Revolution was a war between what is now known as the United States, and Great Britain, in which the United States were fighting for their freedom. The reason for British inclusion was that they needed the colonies (the United States) for resources and for taxes. Three years into the American Revolution and it’s Winter, 1777. General Washington needed somewhere secure to relocate his army for the Winter. Enter Valley Forge, a military camp in Pennsylvania. If I had a choice of either staying in Valley Forge for the Winter or returning home, I would not have stayed in Valley Forge for the following reasons; sickness and death were rife, the living conditions were horrendous, and the continental army was running out of supplies. The soldiers
History of LaGuardia Community College: LaGuardia Community College was founded on January 22, 1968 by a declaration of the Board of Higher Education of the City of New York, a New York State agency which was the agency in place before the Board of Trustees of the City University of New York. The college's first president was Dr. Joseph Shenker, who had been Acting President of Kingsborough Community College. At age 29 he was the youngest community college president anywhere. In October 1970, the Board of Higher Education, named the new college after Mayor LaGuardia. The college was officially opened on September 22, 1971.
Acid rain affects many different things and is very harmful to the environment. One aspect of the environment that is greatly affected by acid rain is soil. Acidic rain makes its way into the soil by rain falling off the branches and leaves to the soil below. Water runs through the soil on its way to different bodies of water. A process called buffering is used to neutralize acids using the base nutrients (including calcium and magnesium) found in soil (Tyson, 1992). This process helps soil resist the effects of acid rain.
Lauffer, H. B., Williams, P., & Lauffer, D. (2012). Wisconsin Fast Plants® Program. Retrieved February 26, 2014, from http://www.fastplants.org
Furthermore, as the Liliaceae family is primarily ornamental they have a significant commercial value i...
I felt invincible. I never thought about sickness or not having enough food on the table or a roof over my head. I was invincible and so was everyone I love. It was not until the doctor came into the waiting room at two in the morning to tell us that my grandpa only had several hours left or when my beloved uncle was diagnosed with not one but two cancers that I came to this revelation; I am vulnerable and so was everyone around me. I could not afford to continue living selfishly and thinking that everything would always be perfect. When I discovered compassion I began to think about other people and grew into an understanding person. I realized how much work my parents were doing and how difficult it was on them. In an effort to relieve their