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Domestice violence and women in the united states
Gender roles and domestic violence
Domestice violence and women in the united states
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Its important to recognize that many of the challenges Aboriginal women face are directly linked to each other, for example the low socioeconomic status as discussed above puts them at risk for experiencing abuse and violence. In a study by Daoud, Smylie, Urquia, Allan and O’Campo (2013) they recognized the link, stating that socioeconomic status was a “predominant contributor to explaining the association between women identity and abuse IPV” (imiamte partner violence) and that “levels of any abuse and IPV were higher among Aboriginal compared to non-Aboriginal mothers” (p. 280). Similarly, Shepard et al. (2006) noted that the “lack of access to adequate income and employment also places many First Nations women at risk” (p.232) and that …show more content…
Brownridge (2008) explained that factors like unemployment, common-law unions and large family sizes all put women at an increased risk for violence and that these factors are higher for Aboriginal women than non-Aboriginal women (p.356). As well Brownridge (2008) puts an interesting perspective on the effects of patriarchy on violence against women, explaining that there is often an association between male control over the family finances and violence (p. 356-357). Furthermore, Brownridge (2008) does argue that Aboriginal women “are more likely than non-Aboriginal women to report risk factors that, in turn, are likely to be associated with intimate partner violence victimization” (p. 357). I believe this is a testament to how strong, honest and capable Aboriginal women truly are. Therefore, with the right support I believe that Aboriginal women have the strength to overcome violence. However, it would require that the Canadian government, First Nations leaders and all Canadians as a community work together to provide safe opptunities for Aboriginal women and their families leave abusive and violent situation. In order to do this Aboriginal women need support in finding full time jobs, stable housing and quality
Toronto: Pearson Prentice Hall. The Justice System and Aboriginal People: Child Welfare. n.d. - n.d. - n.d. The Aboriginal Justice Implementation Commission. Retrieved December 12, 2013, from http://www.ajic.mb.ca/volumel/chapter14.html.
Aboriginal female inmates are not treated fairly since there is stigmatization attached to them, this becomes a challenge to the offender since they may not receive equal treatment (Debra Parkes & Kim Pate, 2008). Aboriginal female inmates are also seen as deserving for victimization since they are dependent on drugs (Dell & Kilty, 2012). The marginalization Aboriginal women face can also determine their reintegration and quality of program.
Despite the decreasing inequalities between men and women in both private and public spheres, aboriginal women continue to be oppressed and discriminated against in both. Aboriginal people in Canada are the indigenous group of people that were residing in Canada prior to the European colonization. The term First Nations, Indian and indigenous are used interchangeably when referring to aboriginal people. Prior to the colonization, aboriginal communities used to be matrilineal and the power between men and women were equally balanced. When the European came in contact with the aboriginal, there came a shift in gender role and power control leading towards discrimination against the women. As a consequence of the colonization, the aboriginal women are a dominant group that are constantly subordinated and ignored by the government system of Canada. Thus today, aboriginal women experiences double jeopardy as they belong to more than one disadvantaged group i.e. being women and belonging to aboriginal group. In contemporary world, there are not much of a difference between Aboriginal people and the other minority groups as they face the similar challenges such as gender discrimination, victimization, and experiences injustice towards them. Although aboriginal people are not considered as visible minorities, this population continues to struggle for their existence like any other visible minorities group. Although both aboriginal men and women are being discriminated in our society, the women tends to experience more discrimination in public and private sphere and are constantly the targeted for violence, abuse and are victimized. In addition, many of the problems and violence faced by aborigin...
According to Smith, sexual violence “is not simply a tool of patriarchy, but also a tool of colonialism and racism” (Smith 2005, 8). As a result, women are being forced to suffer abuse, which damages their identity. Because of colonialism, Native women often find themselves forced into silence around sexual and domestic violence in their communities. By staying silent about sexual and domestic violence, Native communities are “able to maintain a united front against racism” (Smith 2005, 1). Accordingly, Native women are constantly being marginalized in patriarchal discourses regarding racism, colonialism, and white supremacy discourses. Historically, it is mentioned that sexism is the inability of both patriarchy and white supremacy discourses,
Stark (2006) would suggest that thirty years of research has failed to produce a consensus as to what constitutes a case of domestic violence considering that 90% of women who report the abuse have no physical injuries. Methods of coercive control do not meet the criminological viewpoint rather, control extends to financial, emotional, and psychological aspects of subjugating the partner thus no physical violence occurs. If only violent means are reported, then the reported number of victims would perhaps change thus creating a more gender symmetrical pattern. Until operational definitions are defined throughout the disciplines with consistency then there will continue to be discrepancies and opposing views. However, integrative theories of feminist views are being explored which investigate the intersection of not only male dominance as a form of oppression but the use of race, class, national origin, age, sexual orientation, and disability and their impact on intimate partner violence as stated by McPhail and colleagues
The education of Aboriginal people is a challenge that has been a concern for many years and is still an issue. However, it remains the best way young people can climb out of poverty. With the colonialization and the oppression of Aboriginals, there have been many lasting side effects that continue to be affecting the Aboriginal youth today. “While retention and graduation rates have improved among urban Aboriginal population, an educational gap still remains between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal youth in urban settings” (Donovan, 127). Many suffer from a diminished self-worth, as they do not feel valued and feel inferior to their classmates. In this essay I am going to outline the reasons Aboriginals are struggling, discuss what is being done
Her book focuses on the myriads of issues and struggles that Indigenous men and women have faced and will continue to face because of colonialism. During her speech, Palmater addressed the grave effects of the cultural assimilation that permeated in Indigenous communities, particularly the Indian Residential School System and the Indian Act, which has been extensively discussed in both lectures and readings. Such policies were created by European settlers to institutionalize colonialism and maintain the social and cultural hierarchy that established Aboriginals as the inferior group. Palmater also discussed that according to news reports, an Aboriginal baby from Manitoba is taken away every single day by the government and is put in social care (CTVNews.ca Staff, 2015). This echoes Andrea Smith’s argument in “Heteropatriarchy and the Three Pillars of White Supremacy: Rethinking Women of Color Organizing” that colonialism continues to affect Aboriginals through genocide (2006, p. 68). Although such actions by the government are not physical acts of genocide, where 90% of Aboriginal population was annihilated, it is this modern day cultural assimilation that succeeded the Indigenous Residential School System and the Indian Act embodies colonialism and genocide (Larkin, November 4,
The documentary Finding Dawn by Christine Welsh portrayed the violence and discrimination experienced by Aboriginal women and girls in Canada as a national tragedy. The national tragedy is illustrated as the overlooked murders and disappearances of an estimated 500 Aboriginal women in Canada over the past 30 years (Finding Dawn, 2006). It was apparent while viewing this documentary that embedded historical, social and economic factors have negatively contributed to this national tragedy receiving meager attention in Canada. Thus, the issues presented in Finding Dawn is in fact a representation of wider social problems correlating to issues of oppression, ethnocentrism, racism and assimilation in our society.
Firstly, gender disparity plays a significant role in aboriginal health, especially in the administration of health care. In Aboriginal culture, there are certain health practices that can only be done by either men or women, but not all (Bonvillain, 2001). In most cases, women are treated by their female counterparts whereas male doctors handle male patients. This means that a male doctor cannot undertake a vaginal inspection and a female nurse cannot teach an aboriginal man about self-catheterization. As a result, a breach of this traditional gender division, for instance a male doctor helping a woman in emergencies, is likely to cause shame, distress, depression, and fear of breaking a particular taboo (Freud, 2000).
The United States Department of Justice reports that women are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. (Catalano, 2006) It is estimated that two million women a year are victims of physical abuse each year, and that number does not include any other form of intimate partner violence. (Connelly, et al. 2006) Intimate partner violence results in fatalities in thirty percent of all female homicides. (Catalano, 2006) For males, the percentage goes down to five percent. Men and woman ages twenty to thirty-four are at the highest risk for intimate partner violence. Again, both men and women who are married but separated are at higher risk for intimate partner violence. Black and white females are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. However, white females are more likely to be victims of fatal intimate partner violence. Individuals with a lower income and socioeconomic status are at a greater risk, but females are at a greater risk regardless of income.
Since the evolution of colonialism in North America, aboriginal people have been ostracised in society. Aboriginal people have had a very tough journey over the years, especially with the tragic example of residential schools. Even in todays society aboriginal people are still victims of systemic racism, and over-representation in our Canadian criminal justice system. Unfortunately, due to the many injustices aboriginal people face, many resort to lives filled with addiction, and even crime, which has created several stigmas in association with these behaviours. In Canadian prisons aboriginal people hold a vast number of cells, which can be linked back to several psycho-social factors, and these factors include stress and depression. These ideologies will be explored through chapter 8, Crime Affecting Indigenous Peoples: Over-Representation, Explanations, and Risk factors. of author Lisa Monchalin’s book, The colonial problem: An indigenous perspective on crime and
Thesis: In my paper, I will be examining the different types, possible causes, and effects of Intimate Partner Violence, and what treatments or programs are available to combat this growing problem in America. Regardless of differing approaches to fight it, statistics show that women all across the world suffer from the effects of domestic violence at a similar rate independent of class, race, or religion.
Domestic violence is a growing problem that occurs not only in the United States but also around the world as well. It can happen between partners in a same-sex relationship or at times the man will be the victim of a female partners abuse. However, a majority of the domestic abuse cases that we know about are women who have been battered by their male partner’s abuse. The reality of the matter is that each day the statistics on domestic violence is getting scarier. According to Loseke and Kurz (2005), “Families are, statistically speaking, very dangerous places for women but not for men: more than 40 percent of women’s hospital emergency room visits, arising from intentional violence were caused by their male intimates; violence by intimates caused fewer than 5 percent of visits by men; for every 1 man hospitalized for spousal assault, 46 women are hospitalized”. This just shows how big of an issue domestic violence really is especially in intimate partner violent (IPV) relationships. Intimate partner violence often times includes sexual violence and can also include psychological abuse; both can also accompany physical violence (Jewkes, 2002). Many people probably don’t think about it unless it is happening to them or a friend. Domestic abuse towards women can take many forms; women can be raped, physically, verbally or emotionally abused. They can also be the victims of slaps, pushes, shoves, kicks, having things thrown at them, or even being choked. Violence against women especially domestic violence is a very difficult thing to detect because it is personal and intimate. In order to deal with this issue we first need to figure out what leads men to be violent toward women, then we need to figure out why the victims decide not...
Aboriginal men and boys were killed, imprisoned, enslaved, driven away and deprived of the ability to provide for their families. Women became single parents and many children were conceived through rape and forces prostitution. Aboriginal people were rounded up and sent to missions and reserves where they were further removed from being able to obtain work, balanced diets, housing, health care and education. Aboriginal children were removed from their fractured families and placed into non-Indigenous care environments where they suffered the horrors of forced inferiority, deprivation and abuse. Parents and other family members suffer from these transgenerational traumas, passing them on to the next generations. They can pass on trauma through parenting, for example neglection, behavior problems, violence, harmful substance use and mental health issues. Aboriginal communities are also suffering from a mix of issues, often a consequence of the trauma people have experienced, these include: lack of medical and disability services, lack of medical care, little education, high unemployment, staff exhaustion, decaying infrastructure, broken families, high crime rates, ineffective government programs and clash of
Violence against women (VAW) is now considered and recognized as a public health predicament and a human rights infringement of a worldwide scale and force (Ono, 2013; Raj & Silverman, 2002). Research evidence exists for it serving as a crucial social determinant of health and its resulting vast and damaging impact on physical and mental health for women in Canada (Sharma, 2001). Violence as a concept includes diverse forms of abuse that are directed at women and girls across their lifetime. One critical category or form of violence against women is domestic violence. For the purpose of this paper terms violence against women and domestic violence will be used interchangeably. Domestic violence has been recognized as a critical social problem