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The enlightenment effects on the colonies
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Throughout the thirteen colonies not many issues occurred until the abuse pressed upon them by their British brethren across the seas. Once the British started imposing the following taxes: Sugar, Stamp, Townshend, Tea, and Quartering Acts, the colonies blatantly refused due to the fact that they (the colonist) had equal rights to British common-law rights. Thus, the phrase “no taxation without representation” was uttered from the lips of masses within the colonies. In order to establish themselves as independent, the thirteen colonies “drew deep inspiration from Enlightenment political thought,” which consisted of freedom, equality and popular sovereignty. Eventually a treaty was established between the thirteen colonies and Britain during
Since the founding of the Thirteen Colonies, the colonists enjoyed a degree of autonomy and self sufficiency from the mother country, England. The colonies had colonial assemblies, which were more democratic than England’s and were independent governments. British mercantilist laws were not strictly enforced due to the policy commonly referred to as salutary neglect. However, as the British increasingly ignore the problems the colonies faced, the colonies began to look for a common government to lead them. This eventually led to three distinct efforts at intercolonial cooperation and union: The New England Confederation, Penn’s Plan of Union, and The Albany Plan of Union. Therefore, although there were unsuccessful attempts to unite the colonies, there was a strong desire for a common government.
Self-governance was a primary idea of the settlers in North America. Once English settlers began to come to the new world in the 1600s, they knew they needed to have their own freedom for themselves, after all that is why they left Great Britain in many cases. Self-governance is most notable in the earliest form of the Mayflower Compact in 1620 for Virginia. Great Britain began to deteriorate the self-governing nature of the colonies in the mid-1700s through various acts it deemed to be necessary. The enforcement of these acts caused the colonists to be unhappy with the actions Great Britain was taking and so the phrase “taxation without representation is tyranny” came.
The American colonists’ disagreements with British policymakers lead to the colonist’s belief that the policies imposed on them violated of their constitutional rights and their colonial charters. These policies that were imposed on the colonist came with outcome like established new boundaries, new internal and external taxes, unnecessary and cruel punishment, and taxation without representation. British policymakers enforcing Acts of Parliament, or policies, that ultimately lead in the colonist civil unrest, outbreak of hostilities, and the colonist prepared to declare their independence.
There were various reasons why the American Colonies were established. The three most important themes of English colonization of America were religion, economics, and government. The most important reasons for colonization were to seek refuge, religious freedom, and economic opportunity. To a lesser degree, the colonists sought to establish a stable and progressive government.
After the Great War for Empire, the British parliament began carrying out taxes on the colonists to help pay for the war. It was not long from the war that salutary neglect was brought on the colonies for an amount of time that gave the colonists a sense of independence and identity. A farmer had even wrote once: “Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labours and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world” (Doc H). They recognized themselves as different than the British, so when parliament began passing bills to tax without representation there was an outcry of mistreatment. Edmund Burke, a man from parliament, sympathized with the colonists: “Govern America as you govern an English town which happens not to be represented in Parl...
Eventually because of the aquiring debt of the British the colonists began getting taxed through acts placed on the colonists by the Parliament
One of the many repercussions of the French and Indian war was that Great Britain had accumulated an enormous amount of war debt. The British needed to pay this off and thought it would only be fair if the Colonies repaid the war debt. The settlers in the Colonies were the ones who had caused the war and were the ones who benefited from it the most so the decision to implement taxes on the people of the colonies was completely justified. These taxes not only helped repay the war debt but also protect the Colonies from the deleterious natives who often attacked settlers moving west. The colonists were simply not ready for change because for much of the past the Colonies acted as sovereign nations, each with its own individual rules and taxes. The colonists had grown to love the lack of regulation that England had not placed upon them for many years prior. So much so that when Parliament did enforce new laws the colonists became extremely angry because all of the benefits from the lack of regulation and taxes were soon going to be gone. The purpose of the Colonies was to benefit Great...
The legislative assemblies in the colonies became accustomed to passing their own laws, especially regarding taxation. The Stamp and Sugar Acts were passed in the 1760’s, imposing a new tax on imports. Both laws were removed after protest, but the Intolerable Acts and the Tea Act were passed by Parliament, creating even more controversy. The colonists were greatly opposed to being ruled by a government that was thousands of miles
England’s Parliament decided the American colonists needed to pay their debts for them. England went about this matter by raising taxes and requiring a stamp for 50 different documents (Gale Encyclopedia 2). Since America was not yet a country, and had no representation, they were stuck with whatever law Parliament passed. Why weren’t the thirteen colonies willing to abide by England’s laws? Even though England was trying to pay off their debts from the French & Indian War, they went about it the wrong way, because they expected the American colonists to pay by increased tax dollars.
The war had been enormously expensive, and the British government’s attempts to impose taxes on colonists to help cover these expenses resulted in chaos. English leaders, were not satisfied with the financial and military help they had received from the colonists during the war. In a desperate attempt to gain control over the colonies as well as the additional revenue to pay off the war debt, Britain began to force taxes on the colonies. Which resulted in The Stamp Act, passed by parliament and signed by the king in March 1765. The Stamp Act created an excise tax on legal documents, custom papers, newspapers, almanacs, college diplomas, playing cards, and even dice. Obviously the colonist resented the Stamp Act and the assumption that parliament could tax them whenever and however they could without their direct representation in parliament. Most colonials believed that taxation without their consent was a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. Which is where the slogan “No Taxation without Representation” comes
What major problems did the young republic face after its victory over Great Britain? How did these problems motivate members of the elite to call for a federal constitution?
The thirteen colonies all have their own parts that make them special. Whether it be how they were created or why. Can you name all the thirteen colonies? Most people are quick to answer some of the most famous like Jamestown in Virginia or Massachusetts Bay, but no one ever thinks of the last colony to be established.
...even Years War, taxes were imposed on American colonies that were not favored. Thirteen colonies declared their independence from Great Britain in 1776, forming the American Revolutionary War (487–489). In reference to the ideals John Locke, the American Declaration of Independence was issued enforcing limited government. To emphasize this separation, “it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another” (489).
In the years from 1764 to 1775, King George III passed acts in the Colonies. Some of the most famous acts include, the Sugar Act (1764), the Quartering Act (1765), the Stamp Act (1765), the Townshend Acts (1767) and the Tea Act (1773). These Acts led to the Colonies boycotting many items and later, famous acts of rebellion such as The Boston Tea Party. The colonists wanted these Acts to be removed and they also wanted to be represented in British Parliament. The colonists created the slogan, "No Taxation without Representation"
The lack of representation the American colonies had within their own government exponentially increased political turmoil between Great Britain and the Colonies. Taxing the American people without giving them a voice was immoral and unjust. Boston lawyer and legislator, James Otis Jr, the man often credited by historians for coining the phrase, “No Taxation Without Representation”. In a pamphlet he wrote in 1764, Otis highlights the illegal activities being done to the colonists through unfair taxation, saying, “...that no parts of His Majesty’s dominions can be taxed without their consent; that every part has a right to be represented in the supreme or some subordinate legislature; that the refusal of this would seem to be a contradiction in practice to the theory of the constitution”(Otis). For Great Britain to expect respect as well as cooperation from the newly independent colonies while legally and morally wronging them, lacks major political sense. The colonists broke away from their old lives for freedom and new opportunities. Stifling the growth of these colonists’ government and society through unfair taxes is more than enough to spur an uprising, making the political aspects of the taxation without representation a key factor causing the American