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International drug trafficking issues
Drug trafficking and its implications
Strategies to combat drug trafficking
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Drug trafficking has been a massive concern between the borders of Mexico and the U.S. “since mid 1970s” (Wyler, 1). Drug trafficking is “knowingly being in possession, manufacturing, selling, purchasing, or delivering an illegal, controlled substance” (LaMance, 1). A dynamic relationship exists amongst Columbia, Mexico, and the U.S. the informal drug trafficking economy. This growing informal drug economy leads to many individuals creating a substantial living through this undercover market. These individual drug cartels monopolizing the trafficking market are a growing problem for the U.S economy and need to be located and controlled. If this trafficking continues, the U.S. informal economy will crush the growth of legal industries. The trafficking and abuse of drugs in the U.S. affects nearly all aspects of consumer life. Drug trafficking remains a growing issue and concern to the U.S. government. The U.S. border control must find a way to work with Mexico to overpower the individuals who contribute to the drug trafficking business. This market must be seized and these individuals must be stopped. In Jeanette Schmidt’s article, Transporting Cocaine states, “Colombian cartels would pay the Mexican groups as much as $1,000/kilo to smuggle cocaine into the United States” (Schmidt, 2). The Colombian cartels would then pick up the drugs and resume distribution and sales efforts, making personal profits that are unrecorded. In order to seize these individuals who are growing in power and numbers, the U.S. must control the connections between Mexico and Columbia. Mexico is the biggest transporter amongst Columbia and the U.S. because it shares a border with the U.S. This increasingly poisonous drug trafficking leads to drug dealers... ... middle of paper ... ...demic Search Complete. Web. 29 Apr. 2014. Jenner, Matthew S. "International Drug Trafficking: A Global Problem With A Domestic Solution." Indiana Journal Of Global Legal Studies 18.2 (2011): 901-927. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Klenowski, Paul M. "Drug Trafficking." Salem Press Encyclopedia (2013): Research Starters. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. LaMance, Ken. "Drug Trafficking Penalties." Find a Lawyer. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2014. Schmidt, Jeanette. “Drug Trafficking- Transporting Cocaine." Jeanette Schmidt Drug Trafficking- Transporting Cocaine. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2014. Taylor, Jameson. 'Illegal Immigration: Drugs, Gangs And Crime - Civitas Institute'. N. p., 2007. Web. 4 May. 2014. Wyler, Liana, Clare Seelke, and June Beittel. 'Latin America And The Caribbean: Illicit Drug Trafficking And U.S. Counterdrug Programs'. N. p., 2014. Web. 4 May. 2014.
Recent arrests and the diminished opportunity to forward cocaine to U.S had left them with the necessity to embark in kidnappings, auto thefts, extortion, murders for hire, human smuggling, and other felonies not to mention that local demand for narcotics had increased recently. The Tijuana Cartel operations extents from the U.S Mexico border across Central America through the Pacific Route and receives support of one of most violent criminal organizations: Los
The cartels are now in control of most of the drug trades and are successful. The Mexican border gives them the power to go everywhere they desire, making them a relentless force. “To date operation Xcellrator has led the arrest of 755 individuals and the seizure of approximately 5 U.S. Currency more than 12,000 kilograms of cocaine, more than 16,000 pounds of marijuana, more than 11,000 of methamphetamine, more than 8 kilograms of heroin, approximately 1.3 million pills of ecstasy”(Doj 2). Mexican cartels extend to central and southern America. Columbia is the supply of much of the cocaine exported to the U.S. Colombia is under control of South American gangs, they do business with the Mexican cartels to transport drugs the north. The Northern Mexican gangs hold the most control because the territory is very important (Wagner1). They are many different types of cartel in Mexico it also signifies that there are killing each other so their cartel can expand an...
...2009): 8-9. United Nations Human Rights Council Universal Periodic Review. Web. 8 Apr. 2014. .
Drugs have influenced daily life and society since the day of their discovery centuries ago. Their impact ranges from medical to industrial, to recreational to political, and to criminal. Drugs can not only influence the individual, but even cities or countries as whole. A prime example of the power of drugs is the establishment and occupation of the drug cartels in Mexico. Not only have the effects of these cartels infamously changed Mexico, but they have traveled to the United States (US), and change continues to be exchanged between the two. The following report attempts to answer the question, what are the Mexican drug cartels, and how are the United States and Mexico effected by them? A brief history and introduction of Mexican drug cartels
The crack and cocaine epidemic of the United States has shaped America’s basis on the war against drugs. In the early 1980s, the majority of cocaine began to be shipped to the United States, landing in Miami originally coming through the Bahamas and Dominican Republic (UDOJ)”. The foreign origin from the drug made it easier for dealer to quietly return to the United States with the drug and also its receipt. “Soon there was a huge amount of cocaine powder in these islands, which caused the price to drop by as much as 80 percent (UDJ)”. Thus making it more assessable for shipment to America.
a scheme that brought 10 tons of Colombian cocaine into the U.S. via Delta flights from Puerto
The “War on Cocaine” has been trying to fight a battle on two fronts. The first objective of the American government is to deter the consumer from using illegal products. The genesis of punishment against users is sited in the 1914 Harrison Act, in which addicts and others that possessed drugs were punished for buying or possessing cocaine or heroin without a prescription (Bertram, 26). This act began a trend that still today allows law enforcement to arrest the user along with the supplier. The supplier (drug trafficker) is the key in this type of police action, because most of the time the user will be unaware of the exact origin of the substance or have any knowledge as to where it was purchased or manufactured. The main problem with this type of arrest is that 70 to 75 percent of the narcotic arrests per year are for possession and only 25 to 30 percent are for actual drug trafficking offenses. Although the user should not be overlooked, a greater emphasis ought to be focused on the supplier in order to reach the actual manufacturer of the illegal substances.
“Mexicans smugglers have long trafficked homegrown heroin and marijuana to the U.S. But in the 1980’s, mexico also became the primary route for colombian cocaine bound for the U.S” (Bates). According to Bates, when Guadalajara’s leader was arrested in 1989, the groups remaining capos, including a young Guzman divided up its trafficking routes, creating the Sinaloa, Juarez, and Tijuana Cartels.
Since 2006, a growing issue of drug smuggling and trafficking has arisen between Mexico and the United States. Not only does this issue affect the economies of the two countries but also the social life of the populations.
The drug problem in the U.S. and around the world is an important issue and seems to be a difficult problem to tackle across the board. The inflow of drugs has become one of the largest growths in transnational crime operations; illicit drug use in the United States makes it very difficult for nation states police and customs forces to get a handle on the issues. War on drugs, drug trafficking has long been an issue for the United States. There has been a proclamation of “war on drugs” for the past 44 years.
Over the last decade, Southwest border violence has elevated into a national security concern. Much of the violence appears to stem from the competing growth and distribution networks that many powerful Mexican drug cartels exercise today. The unfortunate byproduct of this criminality reaches many citizens of the Mexican border communities in the form of indiscriminate street gang shootings, stabbings, and hangings which equated to approximately 6,500 deaths in 2009 alone (AllGov, 2012). That same danger which now extends across the border regions of New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, and California has the potential for alarming escalation. Yet, despite the violence, evermore-brazen behavior continues to grow, as does America’s appetite for drugs. Even though drug-related violence mandates that law enforcement agencies focus on supply reduction, the Office of National Drug Control Policy should shift its present policy formulation efforts to only drug demand reduction because treatment and prevention efforts are inadequate and strategy has evolved little over the last three decades.
Drugs and crime have always been linked together. Generally for good reasons. Many organized criminal groups are associated with the smuggling of hard drugs such as cocaine and heroin into the United States. Such groups are the Medellin Cartel and the Mafia are notorious for smuggling ha...
Since the prohibition of drugs in the early 1900’s, the cartels nearly monopolized the business of smuggling drugs across the border. Unfortunately, drug smuggling is not their only business endeavor. Money laundering, bribery and human trafficking also top the list of involvement. The cartels have quite a bit of control over their own Mexican government. Sadly, they will utilize bribery with police agents in order to cover up a crime. The bribery is not limited to the Mexican government as they often pay a United States guard at checkpoints several thousand dollars just to waive a car through (Couto, 2013). In recent years, the cartels have also added human trafficking and immigrant smuggling to their list of prevailing corruption. The statistics are alarming for kidnappings of young Mexican girls and women being used in sex trafficking rings here in the United States. Sadly, there are currently no laws in Mexico preventing this act; therefore, not much is taking place to prevent this from happening. Immigrant smuggling is also prevalent. Cartels are quite the entrepreneurs when it comes to the different methods of making money. While there are many ways the cartels drive revenue into their pockets, the drug industry is still their strong-hold. Hence, this is likely to remain true without possible solutions from both the Mexican and United
The commodity chain for coca/cocaine is vast and complicated. Coca frontiers for illicit export spread massively into the deep jungle of the Huallaga Valley and Bolivia’s Chapare. This is where most coca plants are grown and harvested, and occasionally transformed into coca paste. In the past, most of the raw coca leaves or coca paste was transported to Colombia where well-located entrepreneurs, under a weak state, consolidated as the core middlemen in this trade. Colombians refined coca and marked up the prices of the Bolivian peasant product. In the 1980s, Mexico became a transit point for cocaine heading to the United States and other Western nations for sale by Mexican or Colombian suppliers (Gereffi and Korzeniewicz 1994: 195). However, due to the illicit and clandestine na...
...l of International & Comparative Law, Feb 01, 2003; Vol. 31, No. 2, p. 355-384< http://library.ucd.ie:50080/ebsco-w-a/ehost/detail?sid=1b4da043-249c-4912-9950-03a4155cb2aa%40sessionmgr4002&vid=1&hid=4204&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=ofm&AN=502510677> access 14 April 2014.