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Diversity in judiciary
Compare and contrast federal and state courts system structure
Criminal justice system in the United States
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American courts play an essential role in our justice system. America has a dual court system; state and federal. They both have three main courts and all of them have their own jurisdictions. The federal supreme court is the only court that can decide future of the whole country. There is more to the American courts than just state and federal courts. The American courts can be confusing due to the numerous types of courts such as state, federal, supreme, criminal and civil courts. There are a larger number of courts and some of them are inferior courts. Despite being called inferior courts, they are just as important to the justice system as state or federal courts. American courts have a number of contributing components …show more content…
Out of the 9,000 cases that are requested, less than100 are heard by the supreme court per year. There are other countries that only have one supreme court but the United States is of a considerable size unlike countries in Europe so the United States has to have state supreme courts and one federal supreme court. It says in the constitution that the “judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as the congress may from time to time ordain and establish” (Criminal Courts, 94). This is why inferior courts are there to take care of all the little cases. While the supreme courts make the decisions that affect the whole country, inferior courts are just as important. All the little things add up. Inferior courts are like the housewives that don’t get enough credit. Despite them being called inferior courts, there is nothing inferior about them. The reason that the American courts are so important is because their job is to uphold and deliver justice no matter what the person’s color, education or social status is. The poorest person in America can take his or her case up to the supreme court if he or she feels as if they have
among the nation's founders about the need for individual states to retain significant legislative authority and judicial autonomy separate from federal control. The reason why we have a dual-court system is, back then; new states joining the union were assured of limited federal intervention into local affairs. The state legislatures were free to create laws, and state court systems were needed to hear cases in which violations of those laws occurred. Today, however, state courts do not hear cases involving alleged violations of federal law, nor do federal courts involve themselves in deciding issues of state law unless there is a conflict between local or state statues and federal constitutional guarantees. When that happens, claimed violations of federal due process guarantees especially those found in the Bill of Rights.
The Role of Courts in American Politics The third branch of the federal government is the judicial branch. Before the existence of the Constitution, a system of state courts was in place. Through much controversy and compromise a decision was accomplished, which put in place the Supreme Court. In Article III, Section 1, "The judicial power of the United Statesshall be vested in one Supreme Court and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." The Supreme Court was initially set up as a part of the separation of powers in the American political system.
...are generally at a county level, which are decided by judges who base their decisions on information presented in court. At the state level, there are state appellate courts. This type of court takes place when a defendant loses a trial and questions concerning the law arise. A smell number of cases go to the appellate court. The federal court consists of the Supreme Court and District courts. Each District court is placed due to a specific geographical area. These courts rule on federal cases such as fraud or bank robberies. All federal cases are heard in front of a jury.
Whenever a law case is issued, Trial Courts are always the first court people would have to go through. The U.S. District Courts are the Federal Trial Courts. As the lowest level of the Federal Court System, The U.S. District Courts take care of most of the Federal cases. The State of California courts is called the Superior Courts. Similar to the U.S. District Courts, Superior Courts heard most of the State cases (Superior Court of California).
How are federal courts of general jurisdiction different from state courts of general jurisdiction? State courts deal with every day cases dealing with state laws and regulations. They can vary from criminal procedures in civil or family cases, to lower offenses, such as parking tickets. They tend to be specific to the laws of each state, as the state is allowed to form their own set of laws to keep their residents “free and treat them equally”. Federal courts on the other hand, hear criminal that violate the US Constitution and/or cases that cross state lines , along with civil cases or bankruptcy cases. Both courts have appellate courts and interprets the laws (either state or federal laws). Federal court is more selective on the cases it
The US Supreme Court was created in Article III of the Constitution and has the ultimate authority on the interpretation of constitutional law and is therefore deemed the highest court in the nation (USSC). The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and eight associate justices who review cases from lower courts throughout the nation and rule on the constitutionality of the issues (Urofsky, 2001). The Supreme Court plays a large role in the American legal system because its rulings become law, affecting subsequent cases throughout the nation. During the late fifties and sixties, a time known as the Warren Court, the Supreme Court handed down multiple rulings that were controversial and especially impactful in the area of criminal investigations.
First, according to justice.gov, “The federal court system has three main levels: district courts, circuit courts, and the Supreme Court of the United States.” The courts all have a different role to play in the judicial system. Court systems exist to provide justice for all. Now, the district court system is the beginning of the judicial system. A good amount of the cases handled by the district court system are either criminal or civil trial cases.
In no other democracy does a court hold so much political power and in particular power over public policy decisions.
The US court system consists of a trial court, an appellate court, and a supreme or high court. The trial court is the first to hear the facts of a case and has original jurisdiction. The appellate court hears cases whose resolution is disputed by the losing party in the trial court. The supreme or high court hears cases whose outcome is disputed by the losing party in the appellate court. The supreme or high court chooses which cases warrant a hearing. The federal and the state court system have the same basic structure. Each consists of a trial court, an appellate court, and a supreme or high court. The Federal Court of Appeals has thirteen (13) circuits which cover most states except the District of Columbia. The federal system also has specialty courts such as the Court of Federal Claims and the United States Tax Court.
The Supreme Court and Federal court have the same authority as in the Constitution. This system is called checks and balances which prevents the sole power of any one of the three branches. In addition, this power can be divided between the states and Federal government. The Federal government’s role in “domestic and foreign affairs and how they have grown” (Fe...
The American Court System is an important part of American history and one of the many assets that makes America stand out from other countries. It thrives for justice through its structured and organized court systems. The structures and organizations are widely influenced by both the State and U.S Constitution. The courts have important characters that used their knowledge and roles to aim for equality and justice. These court systems have been influenced since the beginning of the United State of America. Today, these systems and law continue to change and adapt in order to keep and protect the peoples’ rights.
is one of the sole purposes of the Supreme Court of the United States. Many
There are certain moments in American life that have certain dignity" (38). The judicial system is a very complex system and deserves the respect and dignity that is required. It needs to be taken seriously. The public has no right to make it into a game. This is a serious process of bringing criminals to justice.
The courts have the function of giving the public a chance to present themselves whether to prosecute or defend themselves if any disputes against them rise. It is known to everyone that a court is a place where disputes can be settled while using the right and proper procedures. In the Criminal court is the luxury of going through a tedious process of breaking a law. Once you have been arrested and have to go to court because of the arrest, you now have a criminal case appointed against you. The court is also the place where a just, fair and unbiased trial can be heard so that it would not cause any disadvantage to either of the party involved in the dispute. The parties are given a chance to represent themselves or to choose to have a legal representative, which is mostly preferred by many.
Where the Magistrates Court, Crown Court and the County Court are considered as inferior courts; both civil and criminal divisions of courts have little difference. The court hearing first instance of a criminal case is the Magistrates Court. However, when there is a case concerning on a more serious criminal offence, the case would be first heard in the Crown Court instead. First instance of civil cases are usually tried in the Magistrates Court and rarely in the County Court.