Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Differences between biomedical models of health
Explain biomedical model in health
Advantages and disadvantages of the biomedical model
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Differences between biomedical models of health
Diabetes Melitus Type 2 (T2DM) from the biomedical model and social models of health have important differences. This paper illustrates that the sociological approach to T2DM goes beyond the pathophysiology of the biomedical model and is founded on the premise that social factors impact health. An overview of the biomedical model and discussion of T2DM within this model is followed by a description of the sociological model with a discussion of T2DM within this model. Evidence will support the assertion that using a sociological approach will add to the understanding of the sociological factors contributing to the development of T2DM. The biomedical model of health has its foundations in Pasteurs (1822-1896) germ theory with Koch's (1843-1910) refinement to specific causative factors resulting in specific diseases (Germov, 2009, p. 11; Saggers & Gray, 2007, pp. 3-4). This singularity of cause became the basis of the biomedical model. Further based around the Cartesian theory of disease as a dysfunction of the body or it's parts as separate to the mind. Illness is considered to be independant of social or psychological influences; rather it is a deviance from objective measurements of normality (Germov, 2009, pp. 10 -11; White, 2004, p. 29). Individual behaviour known as social agency dominates the biomedical model, ignoring the structural aspects of individual lifestyle (Cockerham, 2005, pp. 51 & 53). T2DM from the perspective of the biomedical model looks at pathophyiological changes (i.e. dysfunctional pancreas) resulting in defective production and/or use of insulin in the body (Diabetes Australia, 2013, para. 2; Raphael, et al., 2003, p. x). The strengths of this model focuses on diagnosis, symptomatic management (i.e. medica... ... middle of paper ... ..., Willenberg, L ., Polkinghorne, K. R., ... Shaw, J. E. (2012). AusDiab:The Australian diabetes, obesity, and lifestyle study. Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute. Retrieved from hhtps://www.bakeridi.edu.au/Assets/Files/BakerIDIAusDiabReport_ interactive_FINAL.pdf White, K. (2002). An introduction to the socialiology origins of health and illness. London: Sage Publications Ltd. White, K. (2004). The social origins of illness and the development of the sociology of health. In C. Grbich (Ed.), Health in Australia : sociological concepts and issues (3rd ed.), (pp. 29-42). Sydney: Pearson/Longman. Willis, K & Elmer, S. (2007).Society, culture and health: An introduction to sociology for nurses. Melbourne:Oxford university press. World Health Organisation (WHO). (2014). Social determinants of health. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/
The essay will describe the biopsychosocial model of health and its development including who developed the model, then it will look at the models separately which are the biomedical, psychological and sociological models. This essay will outline the effects that diabetes has on people in different ways in relation with the biopsychosocial model of health.
Type 2: Is the most common form of diabetes affecting 90-95% of the 21 million people with diabetes and is more common in African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans. Those people who are at higher risk of getting this type of diab...
Diabetes is a disease that affects the body’s ability to produce or respond to insulin, a hormone that allows blood glucose (blood sugar) to enter the cells of the body and be used for energy. Diabetes falls into two main categories: type 1, or juvenile diabetes, which usually occurs during childhood or adolescence, and type 2, or adult-onset diabetes, the most common form of the disease, usually occurring after age 40. Type 1 results from the body’s immune system attacking the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. The onset of juvenile diabetes is much higher in the winter than in the summer. This association has been repeatedly confirmed in diabetes research. Type 2 is characterized by “insulin resistance,” or an inability of the cells to use insulin, sometimes accompanied by a deficiency in insulin production. There is also sometimes a third type of diabetes considered. It is gestational diabetes, which occurs when the body is not able to properly use insulin during pregnancy. Type 2 diabetes encompasses nine out of 10 diabetic cases. Diabetes is the fifth-deadliest disease in the United States, and it has no cure. The total annual economic cost of diabetes in 2002 was estimated to be $132 billion, or one out of every 10 health care dollars spent in the United States. Diabetes risk factors can fall into three major categories: family history, obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance. Minority groups and elderly are at the greatest risk of developing diabetes.
The bio-medical model of ill health has been at the forefront of western medicine since the end of the eighteenth century and grew stronger with the progress in modern science. This model underpinned the medical training of doctors. Traditionally medicine had relied on folk remedies passed down from generations and ill health was surrounded in superstition and religious lore with sin and evil spirits as the culprit and root of ill health. The emergence of scientific thinking questioned the traditional religious view of the world and is linked to the progress in medical practice and the rise of the biomedical model. Social and historical events and circumstances were an important factor in its development as explanations about disease were being found in biological systems of the body that contradicted the belief that linked causation to divine intervention or superstition. Cartesian dualism and Newtonian physics were influential in the academic world and there was a push to break away from the superstitions of the past. (Albrecht 2003 p: 15; Giddens 2009 p: 391; Barry & Yuill 2008 p 31).
Thesis: Diabetes type 1 is different from type 2 and if given the wrong treatment it could lead to devastating consequences.
Social models of health have become more relevant and continue to do so when compared to the old biomedical model for health over the last 150 years. World Health Organisation (WHO) (2014) depicts as the health problems in this age have shifted towards cardiovascular diseases, cancers, obesity from infectious diseases in the early 1900s such as pneumonia and tuberculosis models only focusing on the biological solutions have become less important than the social determinants of these diseases.
Although very divergent in their focus, the existing theoretical models seem to have some similarities and differences. This is especially true in regard to their factors of analysis when considering social determinants of health. For example, Krieger’s ecosocial theory encompasses and acknowledges the roles of social and psychosocial processes of disease process (WHO 2010).
This model considers other aspects of an individual 's life such as their culture and environment. Unlike the biomedical model, the social model tries to prevent the disease in the first place, so it focuses more on educating people and health promotion. The biomedical looks at an individual’s physical disease but the social model also looks at a person’s well-being. According to Stephan Sutton, Andrew Baum and Marie Johnston (2004) the SAGE Handbook of Health psychology ‘a combination of high psychological demands, such as time pressure and low decision latitude increases the risk of psychophysiological stress reactions and subsequent ill
Since Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common health challenges world-wide, I am going to further incorporate the topic in my paper. Through academic research and resources, in my first paragraph I will be providing the health promotion definition along with expressing the importance for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. My second paragraph will display the pathophysiology to help comprehend how this health challenge is present in the body. Health promotion interventions will also be incorporated with ideas and specific information to aid individuals in promoting health and preventing development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Mellitus Diabetes Type 2 aka Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease, which there is a high level of sugar. So a person’s body that causes blood glucose (sugar) levels to rise higher than normal. A long-term metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative lack of insulin as well. Type 2 diabetes known for noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) meaning drugs stimulate endogenous insulin secretion and promoting glucose utilization are required. This condition occurs in the middle age, such as 45-64 years old. 1.7 million New total diabetes cases in the year of 2012. More than 100 million people worldwide has type 2 diabetes. Men’s are at a higher risk than women’s are. Because of men that are most susceptible.
according to the National Institute of Health, Type 2 Diabetes is responsible for 30% of cases in this country. This example explains how Zin...
Human nature and behavior are forms of development. There are key factors that account for changes in behavior such as, physical, social, and intellectual. Physical factors are associated with an individual’s health and well being. For instance, if an individual has been infected by a disease or mental disorder their behavior will change. A person that suffers from d...
The biomedical or medical model of health, is a scientific measure of health and regards disease as the human body having a ‘breakdown’ due to biological reasons, such as bacteria, virus, excessive amounts of dopamine within the brain. A patient is seen as a body that is functioning adequately and can be handled, explored and treated independently from their mind and other external considerations.
The classical Medical Model has a disease-focused approach and defines health as the absence of illness (Sherwin, 1988). On the other hand, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health more comprehensively as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (Constitution of WHO, 1946). The issue with a reductionist view of health – to focus on a single cause for a single problem which in fact is much more complex – is its inadequacy to consider other forms of well-being beyond the physical health, as well as to recognize the impact of other determinants of health beyond the biological elements. The idea of health – physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being – entails more than its biological determinants; it is the ability to be free from discrimination on grounds such as race, ethnic origin, gender, sexuality, or disability (Sherwin, 1988). Considering the concept of health has changed throughout the history and across the various cultures, it is more opt to take a broader and more contextual approach in understanding health by contemplating the role of history, politics, and environment into account (Dworkin, 2005). Accordingly, health and illness are not qualities limited to individual bodies, nor are they the result of any singular
When defining a public health issue, it is important to highlight what is already known and examine what may be missing (Community Tool Box, n.d). Diabetes is the chosen public health issues, and although there is a clinical definition that accompanies the condition, the reason why it is a public health issue needs to be defined. But why? The but why technique takes us to look at and describe the community that is being affected by this issue and subsequent whys should allow us to address the underlying determinants of health associated with diabetes. In this journal, I will define diabetes as a public health issue, describe the impact on the community, identify gaps and disparities and establish how social determinants of health impact the issue.