IntroIntroduction
Brazil is an influential democracy although the country continues to confront serious human rights challenges. The Amnesty International in its annual report from 2013 claims that grave human rights abuses against rural workers, communities citizens and indigenous people remain high. They are Brazilian cultural heritage as well as important part of the famous melting pot. Brazilian indigenous people have made substantial and pervasive contributions to the world's medicine with knowledge used today. Many have been forced from their land with little or no consultation and face persistent persecution. As deforestation companies move in to take advantage of the large area of space the Amazon offers, indigenous tribes that live in the forest are subject to violence. The attempt of this work is to analyse what kind of framework in Brazil gives the indigenous people rights, what kind of right are these and if the Brazilian government respects them.
Indigenous people in Brazil
There are almost 900,000 indigenous people living in Brazil, according to the 2010 census. Acoording to FUNAI (National Indian Foundation- responsible for protecting the interests, cultures, and rights of the Brazilian indigenous people) there are still 67 different uncontacted tribes in Brazil. The indigenous people live in all parts of the country. The regions are divided into 4 main groups:
I - Amazônia –states Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso, Maranhão, Tocantins, Rondônia, Acre, Roraima and Amapá;
II – Northeast and East- states Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe and Espírito Santo;
III – South and Southeast - states Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo and Rio de Janei...
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...nd while Brazil’s controversial hydro-electric dams programme will provide cheap energy to the mining companies it will destroy the lands and livelihoods of thousands of Indians.
Conclusion
International observers warn the influence of the landowners' lobby is once again on the rise. Organization like Amnesty International are calling for attention of supranational action as the history of abusing indigenous people repeats and Brazilian administration is not doing any progress in this issue. Brazil should be inspired by other Latinamerican nations like Peru that made the indigenous heritage important part of their culture and attraction for tourism. With rising potential of democracy of the country that has been seen last year there is a hope that Brazlian people will defend rights of the indigenous and won´t let other tribes to get closed to the extintion.
Larry Rohter was a journalist in Brazil for 14 years and from his experiences he offers in this book some unique insights into Brazilian history, politics, culture and more. In 10 topical chapters Rohter’s easy-to-read book provides a look at Brazilian history and the extraordinary changes the country has undergone -- and is still undergoing. Rother covers many significant issues, but several stand out more than others. Namely: the country’s history, culture, politics, and finally its economy/natural wealth.
Slavery as it existed in colonial Brazil contained interesting points of comparison and contrast with the slave system existing in British North America. The slaves in both areas had been left with very little opportunity in which he could develop as a person. The degree to which the individual rights of the slave were either protected or suppressed provides a clearer insight to the differences between North American and Brazilian slavery. The laws also differed greatly between the two areas and have been placed into three categories: term of servitude, police and disciplinary powers, and property and other civil rights.
The purpose of this paper is to recognize, study and analyze the race relations in Brazil. Race relations are relations between two groups of different races; it is how these two different races connect to each other in their environment. Since Brazil is racially diverse, this study is focused on how Brazilians relate to each other. Throughout the essay, it will become clear that there exists a conflict between two race groups. Afro-Brazilians and White-Brazilians are not connected and though these two groups converse with each other, discrimination still lies within the society. This discrimination has created inequality within the society for Afro-Brazilians. Thus, this paper will not only focus on racism and discrimination that Afro-Brazilians experience because of White-Brazilian, but also on the history of Brazil, the types if discrimination that Afro-Brazilian must endure today and how the media creates discrimination.
Brazil’s African descendants are very racially and ethnically mixed, with many different names to describe their racial identity. Racial identity in Brazil is difficult
Introduction Brazil is the largest and most populous country in South America. It is the 5th largest country worldwide in terms of both areas (more than 8.5 Mio. km2) and inhabitants (appr. 190 million).
Moreover, generalizing the treatment of indigenous people in Latin America the continuation of bad treatment and the type of lifestyle indigenous people live is still evident in different regions in the Latin America. However, the fact that the indigenous people are still urbanized or depend on their livelihood and livestock to survive still exist. Also, the extraction of resources by the government and government authorized officials still threatens the land right of the indigenous people. Moreover, the government and other NGO’s still lack in the implementation of the indigenous rights. Which also leads to the indigenous people to have minimum participation in political...
Collectively, Brazil has one of the most ethnocentric obtained cultures in South America. It is the fifth largest country within the world. Brazil diverse society is enacted with rich South American, Indian, African and European cultures. These Brazilian cultures however; were, "inherited a highly stratified society from the colonial system and from slavery, which persisted for nearly three generations after independence in 1822". The Brazilian nation has remained separated into fiv...
The total population in Brazil is 167,988,000. The population grows at a rate of 0.91%, with a life expectancy of 64 years for the total population; the female life expectancy is 67.73 years and the male is 58.96 years. The Brazilian people are very diverse. Three main ethnic groups exist in the country: Portuguese, Native American, and African.
This policy memo addresses the development and expansion of the cattle ranching industry in Brazil, which has contributed to the mass deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon in the last 40 years. It exposes the regional and global consequences to deforestation and provides strategies for the Brazilian government to sustainably manage cattle ranching industries while protecting the future of the Amazon. The rainforest ecosystem is an immense reserve of natural recourses that is far more valuable than the beef produced on Brazilian cattle ranches. Not only does the rainforest create habitat for up to 65% of the world’s biodiversity, but when harvested sustainably, it provides humans with an abundance of spices, foods, oils, medicines and vital research areas (NEWMAN).
The construction of the Belo Monte Dam has social, economical and environmental impacts. As mentioned above, the environmental impacts weren’t fully assessed before the construction began and neither were the social impacts. The plans for this project did not include public involvement (Bratman 2014). There is a great deal of opposition going on in Brazil because this project violates human rights of the locals and indigenous communities that reside there. Due to the fact that it is still under construction, the full extents of the impacts have not been measured. However, there are general impacts of dam constructions in Brazil that can give us a better picture of what other potential affects it will have socially, economically or
If their lands get demolished, they will see us as a threat and most likely attack us. “An uncontacted Amazon tribe could be at risk as Brazil makes austerity-driven budget cuts and proposals for constitutional change affecting land…” (Watson - “Brazil budget cuts put uncontacted Amazon tribe at risk, say activists”). These tribes will become hostile to us if we continue to destroy their homes.
... laws, eradicate corruption and try to strictly secure whole Amazon with strict punishments for criminals. To be capable to do this, there must be vast advertisement program, which may interest a lot of people. There are limitations in research such as real condition and a number of indigenous people, because it is estimated that about 50 indigenous tribes are totally isolated from civilization and there are limitations in research in real condition of food and raw materials in supply chain of large companies. This is because any shoe, portion of beef or timber materials that we purchase every day can be illegally exported from Brazil and there must be strict control of global organizations. In addition, there are recommendations of subsequent surveys in improving agriculture and finding more sustainable nutrients which would allow using lands for longer period.
Brazil’s government believes that by building this dam, they will aid to Brazil’s economy, at least that’s the reason they say they are building the dam. The Belo Monte Dam would become the world’s third largest hydroelectric project on one of the amazon’s major tributaries, the Xingu River. The reason I am against the building of this dam and any other dam is because of the many adverse effects it will have on the environment and because of how it will affect certain people. Stated on the article”Belo Monte Dam” written by Internations Rivers, “Many Brazilians believe that if Belo Monte is approved, it will represent a carte blanche for the destruction of all the magnificent rivers of the Amazon - next the Tapajós, the Teles Pires, then the Araguaia-Tocantins, and so on. The Amazon will become an endless series of lifeless reservoirs, its life drained away by giant walls of concrete and steel.”
...e reformed to produce more efficient and less harmful means of using resources in the Amazon while also producing new industries to help stimulate these developing countries’ economies.
of the lands(PeaceNet). The report claims that, "in reality, most most indian lands whether demarcated or not are coveted for some form of development." This claim is substantiated by the fact that "mineral concessions have been made on fifty-eight percent of all demarcated indian lands, while thirteen percent are affected by hydroelectric projects," (PeaceNet) The link between global environmental change and the rights of indigenous populations results from the close relationship between indigenous people's cultural and economic situations and their environmental settings. Therefore, if the environment of the native Indians of Brazil continues to be changed and removed, the people born on these lands will be exterminated out of existence. Additionally, many societal views of the indigenous people is killing them. The Amnesty International report, as commented upon by PeaceNet cites one occasion in which a thirty-five year old Macuxi Indian by the name of Damiao Mendes was found lying face down on a muddy riverbank, shot in the neck. Nearby lay his nineteen year-old nephew, murdered by the same means.