Bone Spurs
Kandi K. Exposito
Everest College Pharmacy Technician Course
MOD G
A bone spur, also called an osteophyte, is a growth that forms on a normal bone. These growths form most often in joints where bones meet each other. The most common places for bone spurs include the spine, shoulders, hands, hips, knees, and feet (Healthwise, 2014). A bone spur forms due to the body’s natural response to heal itself. This process of building extra bone is the body’s defense from pressure, rubbing, or stress to a bone that continues over a long period of time (Healthwise, 2014). Since the bone spurs have no surrounding protective cartilage like other bones, they may rub against other bones, blood vessels, or nerves causing slight discomfort or even severe pain (Bienvenue, 2009).
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These individuals include dancers, athletes and laborers. Consequently, by the age of 70, almost everyone is suffering from this condition in some form (Bienvenue, 2009). The main cause of bone spurs is the joint damage associated with osteoarthritis (Staff, Mayo Clinic, 2015). Osteoarthritis can begin without symptoms from age 20-30 and arises from the cartilage that covers the ends of the bones within joints being broken down and worn away (Bienvenue, 2009). In addition to age, excessive stress on parts of the body, and osteoarthritis, heredity, poor posture, and nutrition may also play a part in an individual developing bone spurs (Cedars-Sinai,
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva also known as FOP is a one of the rarest, most disabling genetic bone conditions known to medicine. FOP causes muscles, tendons, ligaments, and other connective tissues to turn in to bone. Movement becomes limited in the affected areas of the body. People with FOP typically have malformed toes at birth, meaning the big toe is typically shorter than normal and abnormally turned outward in a position called a valgus deviation. Symptoms of FOP start to show up in early childhood. Most people with FOP develop painful tumor-like swellings also known as fibrous nodules. The fibrous nodules are visible on the neck, shoulders, and back.
Intra articular fractures of calcaneus occurs following eccentric loading of the talus on the calcaneus.(fig 5.1) The severity, type and location of fracture are determined by the position of the foot, the direction and magnitude of applied force and quality of bone 49.
What causes Osgood-Schlatter Disease? “As the actual cause of Osgood-Schlatter Disease is unknown, Osgood-Schlatters Disease is thought to be caused by small injuries due to repeated overuse before the area has finished growing (Dhar). Some studies report that up to 50% of patients have a history of precipitating trauma (Dhar). Activities that involve a great deal of running, jumping, and bending such as soccer, basketball, volleyball, and ballet, are a few of the sports that increase a child’s chances of being diagnosed with Osgood-Schlatter Disease (Diseases and Conditions: Osgood-Schlatter Disease). What is actually happening, that causes this disease, is a child’s thigh muscles (quadriceps) pull on the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shin bone (Diseases and Conditions: Osgood-Schlatter Disease).
This week’s reading was about Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston’s, “A Mule Bone”. This play expresses many conflicts that go on in small as well as large communities. The setting of this play however is in Eaton, Florida is the community in which Hurston is from. It describes the many conflicts that people have with certain relationships or religions.
So far, various techniques have been used for reconstruction and regeneration of maxillary and mandibular bone defects. Autogenous bone grafting, guided bone regeneration (GBR), distraction osteogenesis and nerve transpositioning are among these regenerative techniques (1-8). Decision making for the treatment could be influenced by the type, size and location of the bone defects (2, 3, 9, 10). GBR had high success rate in treating small alveolar defects such as dehiscence or fenestration. Regenerative bony walls around the defect with ingrowing blood vessels can begin osteogenesis (11) larger bone defects with insufficient regenerative walls and an low quality avascular bed need varied amount of autogeneous bone graft from extra oral or intra oral donor sites, however, the patient may suffer from complications in donor site as well as bone graft resorption.(10, 12-15)
There are many different diseases that can affect our skeletal system and Osteoporosis is one of them. Osteoporosis lessens bone strength and bone density (amount of bone mineral in bone tissue), which will lead to fragile bones. It mainly affect the hips, ribs, spine, and wrists. Male or female, at any age, can get this but it is mostly occurs in older women (Team, 2016). Osteoporosis is very common, there are more than 3 million cases a year. There are many causes/risk factors, symptoms, and some treatment cases. About 54 million Americans have Osteoporosis and low bone mass (Foundation, 2016).
Shin splints are a type of exercise-related problem which is usually associated with running and other intense physical activities involving your legs. Shin splints are described as the pain at the inner edge of your lower leg, specifically your shinbone or tibia.
Osteoporosis is a condition, in which bones are weak from deterioration, loss of bone mass, and quality-bone strength. Osteoporosis usually triggers postmenopausal women (women who have not had their period for a whole year), or older men and women. Some risks both older men and women endure when experiencing Osteoporosis are decrease of calcium and bone fractures. These symptoms or effects can all be caused by weight loss, smoking, age, ethnicity, genetics, medications, bone structure, and certain diseases that can later on contribute to Osteoporosis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoporosis may be prevented by going to drug therapy to stop alcoholism and smoking, a sufficient amount of calcium intake, and exercising; such as jogging, walking,
Type IV of OI is much rarer, comprising only 5% of cases. The bones may appear normal at the time of the first...
In some cases, a child’s body may try to close the gap with new bone growth, which can result in a bony lump at the spot. During activities that involve a lot of running, jumping and bending – such as soccer, basketball, volleyball and ballet – when a child’s thigh muscles (quadriceps) pull on that tendon that connects the kneecap to the shinbone.
"To succeed in life, you need three things: a wishbone, a backbone, and a funny bone" (McEntire). There is meaning for success you have to your wishes and your wants for the first part. For your backbone, you have to put your back into your work and never go 0%-99%. Always give 110% For the funny bone you don't need to take every little thing seriously and have your fun side.
Almost everyone develops osteoarthrits as they age, some get it while in their fifties and in others it does not appear until their eighties. Osteoarthritis is the most common form that affects older people; this form of the disease wears down the cartilage mostly through overuse and injury but there are other causes. This specific form of the disease causes the cartilage to break down and the bones to rub against each other. Deformity and swelling occurs because knobs of hardened bits of cartilage develop in the joint. It forms especially if a joint has been injured many times.
The skeletal system is composed of two hundred and six bones in the human body. Functions such as the tendons, cartilage, and ligaments connect the bones and tissues together. Bone tissues make up about 18% of the weight of the human body. There are two types of tissue inside the bones. They consist of; compact bone and spongy bone. First, compact bone depicts the main shaft of long bones in the human body such as the arms and legs. Its tissue is dense and hard and it also makes up the outer layer of most bones in our body. Meanwhile, spongy bone tissue is made up of smaller plates occupied with red bone marrow. Mostly, it is found at the ends of long bones such as the head of the femur.
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones become so weak and brittle that even a cough can cause enough stress on the bone that it will cause the bone to facture. The most commonly broken bones are the hip, wrist, and the spine. Although it affects men and women of all races, post-menopausal Caucasian and Asian women are more commonly affected than those of other ethnicities and sexes. In fact, thirty percent of all post-menopausal women in the US and Europe will be diagnosed with Osteoporosis and at least 40 percent of those will suffer from a fracture in their lifetime.