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Role of anxiety in language learning styles in second language education
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Introduction
According to MacIntyre, et. al (1997, p. 266), “affective factors may
systematically bias the self-assessment of language proficiency.” This statement helps
me understand my L2 learning and provides a rationale for my experience this semester.
In this paper, I will examine the role of anxiety in my concurrent L2 learning and my
strategies in managing it. I will also examine the close relationship between my anxiety
and motivation.
My Background
I grew up in a bilingual household, speaking both English and Tagalog. In
addition, I studied five languages in both academic contexts and abroad. It’s no surprise
then that I enjoy studying foreign languages (and decided to pursue an MA TESOL
degree). I am currently enrolled in a beginning level Mandarin course at CCSF. Class
meets once a week for 3 hours. I chose Mandarin as my language because I feel it would
help me better understand the students I tutor at SFSU and how to better help them learn
ESL. Also, Mandarin is a useful language to know, given the current state of global
affairs.
In the Classroom
There are 30 students in my class – which consists of both heritage
learners (of all levels) and first time learners. Since the class is large, there aren’t a lot of
opportunities to work one on one with the teacher, resulting in a lot of pair/group work.
Since there are a lot of heritage language learners in the class, I almost always end up
working with them on class assignments. One of the most frustrating moments for me
this semester was working with this group of learners. When working together on tasks
(practicing dialogue, completing worksheets), I felt that I couldn’t keep up. I ...
... middle of paper ...
... E.K., Horowitz, M.B., and Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom
anxiety. The modern language journal, vol. 70, No. 2, pp. 125-132
MacIntyre, P.D., Noels, K.A., and Clement, R. (1997). Biases in self-ratings of second
language proficiency: the role of language anxiety. Language learning, 47:2, pp. 265-287
MacIntyre, Peter D. (2002). Motivation, anxiety and emotion in second language acquisition. In Peter Robinson (ed.), Individual differences and instructed language learning (pp. 45-69). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Noels, K. A. , Pelletier L. G. , Clement R. , & Vallerand R. J. (2000). Why are you learning a second language? Motivational orientations and self-determination theory. Language Learning, 50:1, 57-85.
Ortega, L. (2009). Understanding second language acquisition. New York: Hodder Arnold/Oxford
Metalinguistic awareness increased within the ESL students, therefore their phonics increased as well and they scored higher than some L1 students. Students who know multiple languages at an early age are proven to do better in both languages than students who only know one language.
There are many challenges that Moises faces. One problem he faces is with affective filter. When the teacher begins explaining directions for the day, Moises cannot “hear” the correct information because his brain is overloaded with the English information; Moises has subconsciously raised an affective filter and formed a “mental block.” According to Stephen Krashen’s Theory of Second Language Acquisition, in order to learn a second language at a faster rate, the affective filter must be low, so that the student will be prepared to learn the information (Schutz, 2005).
By including a group of students from a lower level class (preferably 1 grade level lower), in an upper level class, both students would benefit. The upper level students would benefit by working with a lower level student and mentoring/tutoring them in their (the upper level) subject. The lower level students would gain extra knowledge, which they would normally learn in their next year of school. Along with getting a leg up on the next year of school, the lower level students would be exposed to different teaching techniques when the teacher of the upper level class was teaching his or her lesson.
3 Cleary, M. N. (2012). Anxiety and the newly returned adult student. Teaching English in the
“Language learning is a process of developing new resources for meaning-making, and language learners need opportunities for participation in meaningful activities and interaction supported by consciousness-raising and explicit attention to language itself in all its complexity and variability” (Schleppegrell, 2013.
Students learn if they can work in large groups or if they work better individually. They also learn what kind of learner they are when it comes to taking in information given to them by the teacher. Not every student is the same, and they learn that is it okay to be different and to be proud of the person they are. Students learn how to deal with conflicts and resolve the matter in a calm fashion.
That is where the StarTalk program becomes important to me. I speak English and am learning Spanish, but in order to be the best interpreter I can be, I want to know a third language specifically Chinese. I have been told that Chinese is very difficult for English speakers to learn. This does not deter me especially since Chinese is the most widely spoken language, and if such a large portion of the world already speaks Chinese, then who is stopping me from
Johnson, J. S., & Newport, E. L. (1989). Critical period effects in second language learning: The influence of instructional state on the acquisition of english as a second language. Cognitive Psychology, 21, 60-99.
The question of whether receiving error corrective feedback can actually hurt an ELL student’s ability to learn is the focus of the Error Correction Hypothesis. Stephen Krashen, in his Affective Filter Hypothesis, puts forth the idea that learners have an Affective Filter which is triggered by emotional variables such as anxiety or stress. Once activated, this filter can operate as an unintended barrier, hindering one’s ability to receive input, and therefore learning. As a result, Krashen advocates for limited error correction in second language instruction, and primarily as a clarification in meaning.
Thus, the book answers numerous practical questions that teachers have often struggled with; for example, how to increase the chances of academic success for language learners, how to use technology to teach language effectively, or how to teach language and content material concurrently. From the preface, the author makes it very clear that the book is designed to support language teachers in their journey as new teachers and throughout their teaching careers. In total, the book contains eleven chapters, which have been divided into four parts. The first part, "What Do Language Teachers Think About?" includes topics of foreign/ second language acquisition theories and language teaching methodologies. This part introduces the background knowledge readers will need in their journey as language teachers. The second part, "How Do You Teach a Language?" introduces approaches to teaching and learning that improve students’ writing, listening, speaking and reading abilities. Each chapter in this part includes suggestions for how students can be motivated and describes teaching and testing approaches to assess students ' language skills and academic literacy. The third part, "How Do I Know What to Teach?" is instrumental in helping teachers adopt teaching practices to particular teaching settings. The fourth part, "Where Do I Go from Here?" helps teachers gain a clearer perspective of what language teaching is all about; this section also considers teacher 's self-assessment and personal
We spoke about the children in the classroom who have personalities and learning styles that are unique to them. Building a relationship with each child, gives her the opportunity to gain the necessary knowledge to create lesson plans that are relatable to their personalities and learning styles. Her association with the children impacts their feelings of safety and security which relates to their ability to interact and learn in the classroom. Another advantage my cooperating teacher spoke about is the fact she has known many of the children since they were babies. She has witnessed them grow, develop personalities, and learning
engage different learning styles, provide hands-on opportunities for use of specialist tools or equipment, reinforcing learning, supporting and motivating individual learning, fostering independent learning through extended learning.
Learning another language provides high rewards including “improved cultural understandings, communication abilities and job prospects.” (Preston and Seedhouse, 2013) Because of the rapid development of technology, applying an array of media is being presented to students in different parts of the world in an effort to achieve different purposes such as educational needs.
In today’s schooling system most high school students are required to take at least 2 to 4 years of a foreign language in order to graduate. However, some people do not understand the importance of taking a different language, until it is time to get a job or while they are in their current job. It is significant that we take at least 2 years of a foreign language in both high school and college and try to learn as much as possible because learning a new language can open up so many doors.
The issue focused on importance of learning of foreign languages. Many people ask "Why should I learn foreign languages?" Learning a foreign language takes assiduity and free time. In order to understand this importance we need first to understand benefits of knowing and learning foreign languages. I offer several groups of these benefits below, which may help to convince you to take the plunge, if you need such persuasion. One groups of benefits represent economic and practical reasons, others have intellectual and even sentimental content, but whatever reasons you choose, you will have a clear idea of why learning foreign language so important and how it can help to motivate you in your studies.