for vesicovaginal fistula. The question in which if he's a hero or villain still stands to this day, considering the fact that his patients were enslaved African American women. Rumors have it that he performed horrific acts on the patients. Even though he practiced human experimentation (which were very painful at the time), his intentions were understandable and has caused him to earn the name “The Father of Gynecology.” We owe it to him that women nowadays containing vesicovaginal fistulas can
In the article “FISTULA, A SILENT TRAGEDY FOR CHILD BRIDES”, the author Faith Fookes focuses on the impact of child marriage and the result of becoming pregnant at a young age without being developed fully to conceive a child. First, Fookes starts off defining obstetric fistula, as a childbirth complication resulting from the baby not existing the uterus because it is physically blocked; this occurs because woman 's vagina and bladder or rectum are damaged. She then addresses a shocking statistics
Vesicovaginal fistula is a tear from the bladder or anus to the vagina that causes urine or feces to leak and can arise from physical complications from the birth of a child. In 1849, the American surgeon James Marion Sims was credited with being the first doctor to successfully repair this condition surgically (Ojanuga 1993). His methods included operations on 14 African American female slaves without the benefit of anesthesia. Many women underwent multiple operations, as many as 30 separate times
In Medical Apartheid The Dark History Of Medical Experimentation On Black Americans From Colonial Times To The Present Washington present an argument supporting scientific racism by doctors lead to“behavioral fallout that cause researcher and African Americans to view each other through jaundiced eyes”(Washington 2006) and that the “culture of American medicine has mirrored the larger culture”(Washington 2006). The Doctors used experimentations on people of color and the used their finding to justified
In Kimberly Springer’s anthology, Skin Deep, Spirit Strong: The Black Female Body in American Culture, she has different articles in the book that are written by a variety of women. The articles in the book break down and discuss areas of history and time-periods that shaped the representation and current understanding of the black female body. Many ideals of how society preserves the black female body to be is based on historical context that the authors in Springers book further explain. The two