Prostate cancer is a leading cause of mortality and medical expense in men age forty and above. However, it has only recently become a topic of conversation to men in America (Plowden, 2009). African-American men are affected by prostate cancer at a disproportionate level over all other men. They are diagnosed up to 65% more frequently and the mortality rate is twice that of their Caucasian counterparts (Emerson, 2009). So why is the African-American male less likely to take advantage of prostate
for general prostate health? Read on and find out. Understanding BPH Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common ailments that affect aging men. Statistics show that more than half of the entire male population aged 65 have some form of BPH, while about 90 percent of men aged 85 have the condition. Every year, in the United States alone, about a quarter of a million surgeries are performed to correct BPH. As they name implies, BPH is a non-malignant growth of the prostate, the gland
make the antigen an ideal tumor cell maker include the fact that it permits for earlier identification of treatment failure resulting in early salvage treatment. Prostate-specific antigen is sensitive in determining persistent or recurrent disease after treatment and has had significant effect on every aspect of prostate-cancer patient care. The efficacy of the antigen as an ideal tumor cell maker is evident in the fact that there is currently no better technique than prostate-specific antigen for evaluating
detect or identify the presence of a specific cancer before the individual displays any symptoms of cancer. Early detection of a cancer through screening can save the life of a person who may have died without screening detection. Early detection of cancer can also provide a less costly and more effective treatment than if the cancer progresses requiring more advanced or drastic treatment. Screenings tests for the more common cancers such as breast, colon, prostate or cervical can be non-invasive or
hazardous it is critical to label such packages appropriately to avoid harm. How to test blood evidence There are three types of tests that can be conducted on blood evidence. The first test is the conventional serological tests which analyses proteins, antigens and enzymes present in the blood samples. The elements tested here are vulnerable to degradation and requires large samples to obtain ideal results. The other test is the restriction fragment length polymorphism, which analyses the presence of certain
Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of world-wide cancer-related death in men after lung cancer (WCRF International), and in Australia, it accounts for 30% of all new cancers in men and 13.4% of all cancer deaths in men (Cancer Australia). Currently, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used serum biomarker for prostate cancer most routinely used by urologists. However, PSA-based screening has been shown to have high false positives and false negatives with low specificity
Prostate Cancer What is Prostate cancer? Prostate cancer affects the tissue of the prostate, a gland of the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum. The cancerous cells growing in the prostate do not destroy this gland, but rather form masses of abnormal cells also known as a tumor. Typically, prostate cancer grow to a detectable size over a long period of time and an even longer time to metastasize. When prostate cancer metastasizes (spreads) it typically affects
called tumor antigens that raise an alarm in the immune system that says cancer is present. Antigen presenting cells ( APCs) roam the body seeking out and ingesting tumor antigens. The APCs then activate B cells and T cells. The B cells differentiate into plasma cells and secrete antibodies that bind to the tumor cell and mark them for elimination ( a humoral immune response). When T cells are activated they proliferate and undergo expansion, seek out, and destroy cells bearing the specific tumor antigens
Prostate Cancer Shuping Chen (Vicky) David Jahani Biology 200A California State University of Los Angeles Introduction Within the human body, there are approximately thirteen glands. However, the number of glands would be slight differences depend on sex because some glands only belong to a certain sex. According to the “Human Anatomy & Physiology” tenth edition by Elain N. Marieb and Katja Hoehn, glands in the human body are classified into two categories; they are endocrine glands and exocrine
8 Clinical Makeup Assignment The HESI Patient Review modules exposed me to three critical concepts in the nursing profession – cellular regulation, infection, and immunity. It did not stand as the terms, themselves, that were elaborated on, but rather, patient case scenarios that directly related to these three concepts. To create a foundation, I will provide a basic definition for the terms. Cellular regulation refers to,” all functions carried out within a cell to maintain homeostasis, including
non-muscle cell type as well. Mcf2 (MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence) is a nucleotide exchange factor proteins that stimulate the exchange bound to other proteins, (Laclef 2003) indicates Six (Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen Of Prostate 1) is a gene found in the prostate tissue, MyoD (Family inhibitor) is a transcription factor that negatively regulates myogenic family proteins it interferes with myogenic factors by masking (NLS) nuclear localization the amino acid fusion that bonds to proteins
Smoking kills every year, more than the number of deaths from car accidents, drugs, alcohol, AIDS and fire accidents combined together. The dangers of smoking are that damaging does not occur immediately, but after a long time. Moreover, not limited to the smoker, it affects others who are around him! There is no doubt that smoking is a slow-motion suicide, and murder of the soul and all legislative acts to prevent the killing self and expose it to the reasons for the loss, whether indirectly or
fluid which is produced by post-pubescent males and ejaculated following sexual simulation. It is a semifluid mixture of cells, ions, salts, amino acids, sugars and other organic and inorganic materials. It is supplied by the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland and Cowper’s glands as a heterogeneous gelatinous mass. A human male can ejaculate from 2 to 6 milliliters that sometimes contain 100 to 150 million sperm cells per milliliter. Semen can remain inside the body of the victim for up to five days
of Immunology and Cell Biology • Holding a certificate in Business Development • Ability to communicate and write in three languages: English, French and Persian • Extensive and in-depth medical knowledge in multiple therapeutic areas in specific Oncology (prostate, breast and ovarian Cancer and brain tumor), Hematology, Vaccine (Immunology), Rare diseases (Tay-Sach's, Sandhoff disease and Mucolipidosis II and III), Diabetes, and Neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer’s disease) • Publications in peer-reviewed
reason to believe that this stain consists of seminal fluid mixed with blood, possibly from the bleeding that occurred in the victim’s vaginal cavity. Further laboratory tests should be done to identify whether this is the case including a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test, and further definitive tests should also take place to confirm the presumptive tests for the presence of blood in the stain. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) are used to “repeatedly duplicate or amplify a strand of DNA millions
cause damage to the DNA of the tumor cells, thereby preventing these cells from undergoing further development, division, and growth (Bolus & Brady, 2011). Radionuclide therapy can have a curative effect if the target cancer cells are localized to a specific region of the body and have not spread. It is also used as a component of adjuvant therapy, where it is used to prevent the possibility of tumor cells that have been removed through surgery from recurring again. Radiation can also be done together
as does the integumentary system. They are responsible for movement. They are attached to the bones (skeletal system) and there are nearly 700 different ones. Each is made up of the muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons and nerves. Each has a specific purpose. For example, the leg muscles assist in moving and bending the legs. The muscles make up nearly half of a person’s total body weight. “The circulatory system includes your heart, arteries, veins,
chromosome consists of 2 arms- short arm (Yp) and long arm (Yq). These arms consist of 2 pseudoautosomal regions PAR1 and PAR2 which recombine with their homologous regions on X chromosome. The absence of recombination makes genetic mapping of the Y-specific region impossible, and the ... ... middle of paper ... ...requency in Human Y Chromosomal UTY Gene. OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology Volume 15, Number 3, 2011 27. Greenfield, A., Carrel, L., Pennisi, D., Philippe, C., Quaderi, N., Siggers
Introduction The urinary tract makes and stores urine, which is one of the waste products of the body. Urine is made in the kidneys and travels down the ureters to the bladder. The urethra in a male is about 8 inches (20cm) long and opens at the end of the penis. The urethra provides an exit for urine as well as semen during ejaculation (Urology Health, 2014). Normal urine is sterile and contains no bacteria. However, bacteria may get into the urine from the urethra and travel into the bladder