Computer Architecture
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Motivation
3. Various techniques of power management
4. Reason for selection of topic
5. Introduction to cluster level servers
6. Power management at Cluster-level servers
7. Issues pertaining to Power Management in
cluster level servers
8. Merits and Demerits of various techniques.
9. Suggested solutions
10. Conclusion
11. References
1. Introduction
The number of Electrical and electronic devices running on electricity are increasing at a rapid rate. At the same time the amount of electricity utilized by these devices is also increasing at high rate due to increased complexity in applications which are to be executed, thus overall electric utilization is increasing. Further wastage and over utilization became a concern making power efficiency of a device even more essential. Thus amount of power needed to run an application or execute a command becomes one of the main constraint of the device's efficiency. This is the area which is to be focused because of growing operational costs on servers. In this report we will discuss in brief about various techniques used for power management and our topic of interest along with their merits and demerits. We recommend some of the solutions for existing problems.
2. Motivation
Applications which are using the server-client model are increasing, thus making server usage more frequent. As a result number of servers across the world are increasing rapidly. As single server executes instructions for multiple clients, the amount of power consumed by server is more because the server's CPU frequency will be more and server has to be online for as long a...
... middle of paper ...
...ndemir, M., Vijaykrishnan, N., Sivasubramaniam, A., Irwin, M.J.
10.Sleepless in Seattle No Longer
Joshua Reich, Michel Goraczko, Aman Kansal, Jitendra Padhye
11.Power and Energy Management for Server Systems
Ricardo Bianchiniy and Ram Rajamonyz
12.Adaptive Performance and Power Management in Distributed Computing Systems
Ming Chen
13.Critical Power Slope: understanding the runtime effects of frequency scaling
Akihiko Miyoshi Charles Lefurgy Eric Van Hensbergen Ram Rajamony Raj Rajkumar
14.Multi-mode Energy Management for Multi-tier Server Clusters
Tibor Horvath Kevin Skadron
15.Managing Server Energy and Operational Costs in Hosting Centers
Yiyu Chen Amitayu Das Wubi Qin Anand Sivasubramaniam Qian Wang Natarajan Gautam
http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/manuals/4000/007-4718-004/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit
Ross, J. P., & Meier, A. (2001). Whole-house measurements of standby power consumption. In Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances and Lighting (pp. 278-285). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
The internet works on the basis that some computers act as ‘servers’. These computers offer services for other computers that are accessing or requesting information, these are known as ‘clients’. The term “server” may refer to both the hardware and software (the entire computer system) or just the software that performs the service. For example, Web server may refer to the Web server software in a computer that also runs other applications or it may refer to the computer system dedicated only to the Web server applicant. For example, a large Web site could have several dedicated Web servers or one very large Web server.
“Ambition is an earnest desire for some type of achievement or distinction, as power, honor, fame, or wealth and the willingness to strive for its attainment”. That being said, what can one go through if their ambition is too much to handle? Anyone who gains excessive power often loses control of personal goals, morals, ethics, and values. Uncontrollable ambition conquers Macbeth in William Shakespeare's play.
Are you interested in not wasting money paying for rent and owning property that you can use to make yourself more self-sufficient? The stress of everyday life typically includes driving to work and a lot of other life stresses. Something you may want to consider is going off grid.
New customer machines were introduced in every one of the focuses these machines were associated by means of web to a bunch of servers which are utilizing Oracle database programming. The lattice servers share the workload of the whole exchange among them likewise the procedure is adjusted utilizing Cisco load balancers to disseminate it equally among the
Power-control theory of crime combines Marxist conflict theory, social control theory and feminism and was theorized by Canadian criminologist, John Hagan. A prominent theme throughout the power-control theory is that social power in society is predominantly patriarchal, or male dominated.
Server-based networks are higher in cost because money is invested for dedicated servers, network operating software, and network administrators with technical expertise required for network management and configuration. On a small network consisting of fewer than five workstations, client/server architecture is not recommended and is very costly.
According to the modern way of life the need for computer in every work place and home is high which decreases even more the power of the customers. However, the switching costs are low (2.2)
ABSTRACT. In this modern science world, the usage of power is very high. As the usage is increased, the power demand is also gets increased. In order to comprise/compensate the power demand, different forms of power sources are preferred. Dispatchable energy resources (non-renewable energy sources) are the sources can be turned on and off in short amount of time and it is generated from different techniques. Non-dispatchable energy resources (renewable energy resources) includes the nuclear power plants, hydroelectric plants, wind and wave energy resources. The Distributed Energy Resources (DER) typically use these renewable energy sources, including small hydro, biomas, solarpower, windpower and geothermal power for an electric power distribution system and DER is coordinated within a microgrid. A
Bolla, R., Bruschi, R., Davoli, F., Di Gregorio, L., Donadio, P., Fialho, L., & Szemethy, T. (2013). The green abstraction layer: A standard power-management interface for next-generation network devices. IEEE Internet Computing, 17(2), 82. doi: 10.1109/MIC.2013.39
power for about 10 hours per day. Power for the other 14 hours must be
Alternative energy sources are renewable, and is most commonly referred to as free energy sources. There are many alternative energy sources such as hydro power, solar power, wind, biomass, and geothermal. Using alternative sources is more expensive in the long run, but it is the much safer option for our environment compared to fossil fuels. Although everything used is completely free, such as water and wind, the equipment used to generate these things are expensive. There are several pros and cons that come with the utilization of alternative energy sources.
(i.e. computers, servers, data centers, etc.). Hence, they make use of virtualization, i.e. one server is used to spawn several virtual servers. This process reduces resource redundancy, use less energy, moreover less wastage of resources by efficient usage methods. Specific actions to achieve these goals are mainly by getting rid of inefficient hardware, introducing efficient hardware, and promoting server virtualization. (Adidas16, 2015). Adidas`s global goal to meet more stringent energy savings by 2015 are being planned to implement using below techniques,
The world that we live into today affords us the expectation that the flip a switch will turn the lights on. As populations increase and developing nations undergo dramatic economic growth, this energy demand will only continue to grow. The International Energy Agency (IEA) believes that “the world’s energy needs could be 50% higher in 2030 than they are today” (ElBaradei). Given this projected growth, it is necessary for world leaders must take action to secure the energy supply. Meaning that world leaders need to start seriously considering an alternative to non-renewable energy sources. “In 2012, the United States generated about 4,054 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity. About 68% of the electricity generated was from fossil fuel (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), with 37% attributed from coal” (U.S. Energy Information Administration). The fossil fuels that are used to supply over half of our country’s energy are in finite supply and are increasing in price to astronomical heights.
Apply MicroStrategy’s analytic platform we can work in high efficiency and can reduce overcome system down problem.