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Indonesia, a political analysis
Democracy in Indonesia
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Socio-political challenges post- New Order
Suharto’s New Order regime was blatantly corrupt and filled with nepotism, this mixed with the aftermath of the Asian Financial Crisis left a legacy of socio-political challenges for subsequent reformasi governments. These challenges include the legacy of authoritarianism, corruption, depoliticised civil society, a powerful military and an inefficient judiciary and government. (Pohlman) The different reformasi governments failed to comprehensively resolve these challenges, leaving Indonesia riddled in uncertainty, and thus leading to its economic sluggishness.
ALL NEW RESEIMES ARE HARD TO IMPLIMENT SO MAY OF CONTRIBUTED TO THE ECONOMIC CLIMATE -
Government & Business
The post- New Order regimes have had to try and manage the aftermath of the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC), while simultaneously dealing with the repercussions of the Suharto regime. An area that this greatly impacted was the Indonesian business sector, which was struggling between the flight of the capital during the AFC, the IMF regulations and changes, and its corrupt business culture. Ultimately the new governments failed to properly address these issues creating an uncertain business and economic environment. The New Order regime left a lasting legacy of cronyism and nepotism, this opaque culture managed to survive the transition to democracy as it served both the political and business elite. The private sectors gains have often come at the expense of public welfare and the elite have used their political influence to block threatening reforms and to protect their interests. (Hamilton- Hart)
The Indonesian government has consistently failed to address certain concerns of international businesses and as a result has...
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... was unprecedented. Never in the nation’s history had anyone seen a full scale conflict based on religious lines and ethnic warfare. The catalyst of it all did lead to violence, but the context and developments over the years made it ripe for carnage on an unparalleled scale. Government is one of the major causes why Indonesia’s economy, while not in the doldrums, is far from its true potential. The freedom in democracy created many civil society groups and in the Maluku conflict, the jihadist groups raised volunteers that again prolonged the violence and chaos in the region.
Business requires certainty, rule of law and respect for contracts and property rights. Under Suharto’s Indonesia, all were respected and the military were upheld this peace at a bloody price. Society was shackled, rights were limited, but the economy grew and life was more or less, stable.
From the ever existing tension between “pribumi” and Chinese Indonesians to separatist movements in Aceh, Maluku and Papua. The tension between “pribumi” and Chinese Indonesians was apparent during the latest presidential election. President Joko Widodo at the time was painted as a peon of the Chinese Indonesian business community, who will only prolong the economic domination of the Chinese Indonesian. Regarding separatist movements, these factions dream of independence, to be their own nations which consisted of Acehnese, Moluccans or Papuans. Interesting to note that in Indonesia, the “other” has always been fellow Indonesians of different ethnicity. Only a tiny fraction of the population worries about global flows, what the people have always been asking is their group rights, to be specific, economic. Aceh and Papua, well-endowed with natural resources, are both main contributors to the government’s treasury. Despite this fact, Aceh and Papua lag behind other provinces in terms of basic healthcare, education and infrastructure. Aceh in particular, asked for the right to implement Sharia law, which was granted by the government as part of the peace deal reached in
The first step in doing international business, this involves manufacturing and/or purchasing of components in different regions of the world and then putting them together to make the final product. The benefit of producing a product in a different part of the world is it can be done at a lower cost. For example Indonesia boasts among the lowest costs in the world, a big domestic market, and proximity to the rest of Asia. As a result, some companies are not merely sticking around they are expanding. Coca-Cola plans to open a new bottling plant next year. All told, over the past three years, the government has approved $26.2 billion in new foreign investment. Officials say foreign investors, apart from petroleum and financial-services companies, employ 3.5 million Indonesians, or 3.5% of the workforce.
By the time of the European Renaissance, the islands of Java and Sumatra had already enjoyed a thousand-year heritage of civilization spanning two major empires.
An absurd and chilling documentary directed by Joshua Oppenheimer about how the perpetrators of one atrocious political purge are still enjoying impunity along with power in public even after more than 50 years. With an unorthodox filmmaking process at its center what is shown through that process is as hilariously terrible as the corrupt social environment surrounding it. Although watching this film it may seem too absurd to be reality it did in fact occur. In the opening scenes we are given a brief history lesson in 1965 the Indonesian government was overthrown by the military. Anyone opposed to the military dictatorship could be accused of being a communist. We learn in less than a year more than one million “communists” were killed with
In southeastern Asia, there is a country called Myanmar, or Burma. The country have enough natural resources and educated public to make one good economy. After the national democratic election happened in April 2012, pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi 's party formed a new administration, Myanmar has embarked on an ambitious program of sweeping reforms to integrate its economy with the global system, as well as solving internal economic problems, there should be no doubt that this administration intends to improve the well-being of Myanmar’s population.
Fegan, Brian. 2003. “Plundering the seas.” Inside Indonesia 73: Jan - Mar 2003: Retrieved from:
In the 1999 elections for the first time in Malaysia’s history opposition parties united under Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front or BA). Party Keadilan is a small multi-ethnic party formed in 1999 by activists in the reformation movement. Besides, PAS (Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party) had provided strong competition for UMNO. Another major ...
Indonesia is a developing country in it’s self and knows what it’s like to be lacking in so many categories.
Daang Matuwid serves as a “moral highway” for a just, efficient, disciplined, and corrupt free government, linking the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government together and to the Filipino people (Diaz, 2014), thus goes in line with
According to Sapru R.K. (2008) p370-371 the traditional ideal of public administration which inclined to be firm and bureaucratic was based on processes instead of outcomes and on setting procedures to follow instead of focusing on results. This paradigm can be regarded as an administration under formal control of the political control, constructed on a firmly ranked model of bureaucracy, run by permanent and neutral public servants, driven only by public concern. In emerging nations the administration was true bureaucracy meaning government by officers. In this perspective Smith (1996) p235-6 perceived that“the bureaucracy controls and manages the means of production through the government. It increases chances for bureaucratic careers by the creation of public figures,demanding public managers, marketing boards.
Weaknesses that Indonesian currently doesn’t lie in the system and the law that already exist. Indonesia weakness lies in the mindset of each population. Star from the representatives. Those who have been elected by the people are not really striving to escort these goods system. There is only a representative of the people who fought for the interests of the party and personal gain alone. Political costs are very high that only borne by making them have to replace the personal costs incurred. Even worse, they are trying to find loopholes to profit from their position.
Good governance, a bright future, and a prosperous country were what everyone had hoped when Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, stepped up to fulfill her role as the president of the Philippines. The country was then in a disarray, with people protesting against the corruption of former president Estrada. Yet with the passing of time, worse had just befallen our country, crisis against crisis, debts piled high up beyond our country’s reach, accusations of corruptions and manipulations, this happened simply because of the abuse of power of one small woman, we once called our leader. It is with this that she deserves the KARMA that is currently happening in her life, from her illness to the evidences, allegations, and testimonies being presented against her, leading to that of her arrest this November. Our former president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo deserves all these things that are happening to her, especially if all the accusations of corruption, manipulation, and disruption against her past reign as president to her current standing are true.
The Philippines has long been a country with a struggling economy. Ever since World War II, they have struggled to have a steady government and labor system. Independence did not bring any social changes to the country. The hacienda system still persists in the country, where large estates are farmed by sharecroppers. More the half the population are peasants and 20 percent of the population owns 60 percent of the land. Although the sharecropper is supposed to receive half of the harvest, most of the peasant's actual income goes to paying off debts to the landowner. Poverty and conflict strained the industrial growth of the country with many Presidents trying to fix the problems, but failing to do so. Factors that have faced the country are there is almost 9 percent unemployment, and the country suffers from the consequences of a balance of trade deficit. With the resources that the Philippines have, they are capable of pulling themselves out of the economical hole they are in and being up to par with their successful neighboring countries.
The Philippines is known to have been through a lot of corruption especially during the Marcos era. Tyranny was prevalent. Absolute power, whether is a king, president or a protector is not only alien to our idea of “democratic decision” but without fail, gets to be arbitrary despotic and corrupt. Tyranny was at its height during martial law, which began September 1972.
That the Philippine government has consistently failed in satisfying the needs and growing expectations of the Filipino people is a fact rather than a perception. What is widely perceived however, is that such failure of government is only due to the inefficiency of its bureaucracy to produce and deliver public goods and services. To accept the perception that the inefficiency of the bureaucracy is the main culprit in the failu re of government is to grant the dichotomization of the orientation of governance and the administration of its affairs.