During the late 1500’s to the 1700’s, America had no written policy on immigration. Settlers came from around the globe with high hopes of riches and prosperity in the new land. It wasn’t until 1790 did the U.S. attempt to unify the States on who could become a U.S. citizen. Under the Naturalization Act, “free white persons” of “good moral character” could become citizens after two years of residence in the country. Of course this law had no implications on who could actually become a U.S. citizen. So the U.S. decided to start monitoring who was coming into America by the use of the Steerage Act of 1819. It was designed to continually report all immigration by the use of passenger manifests. These manifests were to be turned into the local Collector of Customs, then the Secretary of the State and finally reported to Congress. By 1875 the U.S. had finally implemented exclusion laws and centralized a control for immigration. These laws limited specific people the U.S. deemed “Undesirable”. This mainly consisted of criminals, prostitutes and Chinese contract laborers. This lasted until 1891 when the United States created a comprehensive national immigration law called the Immigration Act. This law created a Bureau of Immigration under the Treasury Department, allowed for deportation of illegal aliens and added polygamists and contagious diseases to the list of people who could not enter (cite). Over the next 100 years, the immigration policy became less biased of ethnicity and instead focused more on how many were entering the U.S. per year. In today’s current events, the Immigration Policy has been under debate. The U.S. is attempting to find “top foreign talent” while still eliminated illegal immigrants and securing U.S. borders. ... ... middle of paper ... ...ebates and reform have been mainly coming from the federal level, several measures have been passed the state level. Some states have been trying to pass restrictive laws that limit illegal immigration such as Arizona’s SB1070. This law imposes criminal punishments on illegal aliens and also those who harbor, employ or transport them. In 2010, the Supreme Court challenged Arizona’s strict laws and dismissed three out of the four major parts of the law. The only thing they upheld was the ability to ask for proof of citizenship. Other programs such as the Secure Communities program began as an volunteer process. Some states disliked the program and attempted to opt-out only to be denied. The program has now stated that participation within the 50 states is mandatory, which stirred protests to local governments. However the program has had no legal challenges to date.
Chapter 13 of Golash-Boza’s Race and Racisms highlights United States immigration policies from 1790 to 1996. The passage of the Naturalization Law of 1790 set the precedent that white people have a larger claim on the United States and therefore they are the most deserving to be citizens. Once this white superiority was set, many laws were put into place to systematically restrict other races from entering the country. These restrictions have proven to mainly affect those who are classified non-white and continue to criminalize people whose only crime is trying to find a better life in a new country.
The United States’ government instilled a closed door policy with the creation of many immigration laws in an effort to make America a melting pot of similar ethnicities. However, the prejudice of American society that was enforced by immigration policy forced immigrants to form their own communities for the purpose of survival and protection, turning America into a mosaic of different cultures. The Burlingame Treaty of 1868 and Naturalization Act of 1870 both created a false image of acceptance for immigrants while simultaneously restricting immigration. The United States’ government only began clearly restricting immigration with the Page Act of 1875 and Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
The United States had an open door policy on immigration from the nations beginning until 1921. During that time, between 1790 and 1920, the population grew by 102 million. That’s about one million new immigrants each year for 130 years. Most of these immigrants were from European countries. In 1921 Congress passed the Quota Act which put a cap of 360,000 new immigrants per year. Congress did this because the public was concerned about the number of new immigrants and how it would affect the country. This act also favored immigrants from England, Germany, France, and Scandinavia over those from Asia, Africa, and southern Europe.
As America continued to recruit workers from other countries, they continually worried about an immigration problem. In 1924, the Federal government passed the Immigration Act which officially barred further immigration from Asia and Europe to the U.S.
-The 1921 Immigration Act was the first to include any quantitative restrictions on immigration. The Asian “barred zone” was upheld, but all other immigration was limited to three percent of the foreign-born population of any given group in the United States at the time of the 1910 census.
In the first article, The Economic Benefits of Comprehensive Immigration Reform, Raúl Hinojosa- Ojeda argues that if the United States government moved from an ‘enforcement only policy’ to a comprehensive immigration reform, both individuals born in America and immigrants would increase benefits. The comprehensive immigration reform that Ojeda describes “legalizes current unauthorized immigrants and creates flexible legal limits on future immigration in the context of full labor rights…” (Ojeda page 175). Ojeda further argues that the current U.S. policy creates a wage floor, and if undocumented immigrants gain citizenship, the wage floor will rise, increasing the wages of all workers. The rise in wages cited in the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) states that a comprehensive immigration reform would increase consumer consumption and wages and would increase the creation of jobs and tax revenue. This is mainly based on the concept that IRCA was implemented during a time of recession, but was still able to raise wages and investments made by immigrants. Ojeda explains, through the example of the IRCA, it is estimated that comprehensive reform, over 10 years, would create 1.5 trillion dollars in United States gross domestic product (GDP) (176). However, they add that one of the issues with the IRCA, is the lack of flexible limits set on the number of workers allowed to enter the United States. In the 1990, therefore, U.S. labor demands were not met.
Nowadays, United States is the country that has variety of cultures, races, etc. mixing together by having immigrants in their countries. However, they need to control these group of people also. More people out of country are trying to stay in the U.S. However, this is not an easy process to deal with. There is an immigrant policy that they have to go through. In the past, United States is wide open for people to settle down on this land. There is no process of immigrants. However, in the middle of 1840 to 1880, immigrants started to come in the U.S. such as Irish and Chinese because of demanding of unskilled and cheap labors. In the 1920, automation replaced unskilled labors as a result immigrant’s policy is limited quotas for immigrants
For over ten years, efforts to make changes to the United States immigration system have been put aside due to wars, attacks within our homeland and even worldwide financial crisis but it seems as though this being brought up more and more often. The history of the US immigration policy was more concerned with immigration enforcement over immigration reform. It was not until a few years ago that the US citizens voted they were tired of enforcement-only immigration policies and the pain they caused on immigrant families. So most feel now is the time to draw up new immigration laws that reflect American values and beliefs, and it ne...
More than five decades after the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act, many immigrants in the United States still follow the foundations of this immigration law. Also known as the Hart-Cellar Act, it has introduced a new age of mass immigration and impacted the lives of millions of new Americans. The fundamentals of this act are family reunification and employment preferences, which are still maintained in any efforts to reform the 1965 legislation. This new law replaced the National Origins system that was implemented in 1924 as the first United States comprehensive set of immigration regulations. http://www.asian-nation.org/1965-immigration-act.shtml http://cis.org/1965ImmigrationAct-MassImmigration
The immigration act of 1924 was a notorious act that was carried out by the united states government to limit immigration after the first world war. The united states were a relatively new country that had many pull factors such as many freedoms, and free enterprise. It was known as the land of opportunity. Immigrants began to pour in from all parts of the globe looking for their shot for success.
To add more fuel to his supporters’ xenophobic fire, Trump favored curbing foreign, non-immigrant workers through the H-1B Visa program because he and his supporters consider the program as a “theft of American prosperity”. Now, as President of the United States, Donald Trump signed a “Buy American, Hire American” Executive Order which not only aims to reform the H-1B Visa Program but halt it completely. From the rhetoric and policies of President Trump and his supporters, the US has become a very hostile and xenophobic country to immigrants and its future talents. Politicians and pundits seek to pit Americans workers against foreign talents as scapegoats. I argue that the H-1B visa program is what makes America great. For the US to meet its need and compete with the global marketplace, H-1B Visa is what will the US come on top. The H-1B Visa program was created to meet the needs of America’s evolving economy, and today the need is even
The study also took a close look at how the courts deal with the issue, the administrative interpretation of the law, and the application of the reform to be very critical and increasingly impossible. The author discovered that immigration reform has chronic problems, citizens’ disinterest to participate in the political process, government inefficacy, and centralized decision making away from the very communities imparted. The lack of enforcement is mounting pressure on states’ budgets (appropriation and allocations) of resources as the number of beneficiaries for social services increased. On the other hand, Dorsey and Diaz-Barriza (2007) studied President Barack Obama stands on immigration when he was then senator and compared them to conservative and liberal position. In the research, the author lamented that then senator Obama called for a comprehensive immigration reform that would deal with the issues of border security, employers sanction for hiring illegal individuals and a path to earned citizenship. Both sides agreed in part, but disagreed with the issue of path to citizenship which created gray lack. Today, the debate continues between the both political parties and the states leading the president executive action on immigration in recent
Changes in the immigration policies—A large and diverse population makes the US uniquely poised to be a global power. The United States has always been a place of freedom and opportunity for millions of men and women migrating into the US. Immigration was and is a very important part of the development of this nation, economically and socially. Americans devised certain rules and regulations to make sure the immigrants were living in the US with proper and legal documentation. Congress decided that immigrants had to pass a medical exam and have no criminal record in order to come to the United States. "In 1917, under the Wilson administration, Congress passed the first comprehensive immigration act which included a literacy test requirement. In 1924 the National Origins Act, was passed putting a quota system on the number of immigrants who entered the United States"(Nikou.S.2014). We need an immigration system that is practical and reasonable around all aspects of immigration
...ch made it so intelligent immigrants were allowed into the country. In 1921, the Emergency Immigration Act was passed. This act made it so the number of aliens of any nationality admitted to the U.S. in a year could not exceed 3 percent of the number of foreign-born residents of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1910. Even though this heavily cut down the number of immigrants entering the country, the majority of the immigrants were "new immigrants." This led to the National Origins Act in 1924. This act was harsher than the act of 1921 because it decreased the percentage of immigrants from 3% to 2%, and pushed the year from 1910 to 1890, thus making the majority of immigrants "old immigrants."
Immigration policy should be designed with the citizens best interests, and should not prioritize the convenience of people immigrating. This does not mean that immigrants should be inconvenienced, but quick citizenship and low barriers of entry shouldn’t come at the expense of economic instability. The current immigration policy in the United States is heavily criticised for being superfluous and unfair to people trying to gain citizenship. Despite the occasional mistreatment of foreigners, the current system serves the best interests of our citizens by putting in place through background checks and regulations to restrict an excess amount of people coming into the country which would put a strain on our economy.