FALLACIES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INTRODUCTION In a contemporary world, a business-society relationship has evolved well beyond a simple business model to a much broader - socially responsible - corporate stewardship. As of this result, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) emerged as a concept that encourages companies to be ethical and responsible with the environment it operates in so as to wider impact on society. Though, CSR is now argued so widely as to have become a subject matter for serious arguments. Whereas business‘s human side stressed the importance of social responsibility, it also opened the room for criticism for its opponents, some of who have expressed legit business concerns; others endorse the belief that social responsibility is an integral part of a business. The purpose of this paper is to present a summary of fallacies of CSR and its advocacy. BUSINESS IS ALL ABOUT PROFIT MAXIMIZATION Among the first and most famous proponents against corporate social responsibility might be Milton Friedman. In his article, dated thirty years ago and published in the New York Times, he argues that the primary objective of a business enterprise is to maximize shareholders’ wealth. It is the responsibility of a manager to pursue profit maximization activities within its area of specialization in order to sustain business’ long-term healthy growth (Milton, 1970). Moreover, Friedman condemned supporters of CSR for “preaching pure and unadulterated socialism…[because they] are notable for their analytical looseness and lack of rigor“ (as cited in Sparks, 2003). Many modern economists and scholars adhere to this view. Take, for example, Robert Reich (2010), a professor of Public Policy at the University of California... ... middle of paper ... ...sponsibility is just a PR tool for businesses, says report. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com Reich, R. The Final Lesson of BP. Personal Website. Retrieved December 18, 2013, from http://robertreich.org Rochte, M. (n.d.) PR vs CSR. Retrieved December 18, 2013, from http://www.opportunitysustainability.com Scheer, R. & Moss, D. (2013, April 2013). What is ‘greenwashing’? Retrevied from http://business-ethics.com Smith, N., C. (n.d.) Arguments for and against Corporate Social Responsibility. Retrieved from http://techsci.msun.edu Sparks, R. (2003, May 19). A Pragmatic Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility - Address Given to The School of Management, the London School of Economics. Retrieved from cep.lse.ac.uk Yunus, M. (2008). Creating a World Without Poverty: Social Business and The Future of Capitalism. Retrieved from http://www.globalurban.org
...Foundational Considerations in the Corporate Social Responsibility Debate’, Business Horizons, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 9-18.
McElhaney K. (2009, Spring) A Strategic Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility. Executive Forum. Retreived May 16, 2014, from http://responsiblebusiness.haas.berkeley.edu/documents/Strategic%20CSR%20(Leader%20to%20Leader,%20McElhaney).pdf
Milton Friedman, who was a prominent economist, wrote a thought-provoking article in the New York Times Magazine in 1970 on the subject: social responsibility and ethics in strategic management. The one end of the economic policy spectrum, Adam Smith, influences Freidman. Smith embraces the knowledge that consumer and producer control the stability of the economy. This is based on free market equilibrium. Freidman most renowned quote is “There is one and only one social responsibility of business-to increase its profits.” The above quote clearly state his opinion on the concept of social responsibility. Freidman argues against the concept of social responsibility and his reasoning’s of corporations having one responsibility that is to make money, which has made him quite legendary.
Corporate Social Responsibility is the obligation from corporations to utilize their resources to aid and benefit the larger society. The four components of CSR are economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic. Social Responsibility is a fundamental force in the wealth creation process. If correctly demonstrated, CSR should heighten competitiveness and boost the value of wealth creation to society. A company's CSR Initiatives directly represent who the company is and what it believes it. The m...
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the way a corporation achieves a balance between its economic, social, and environmental responsibilities in its operations so as to address shareholder and other stakeholder expectations. In general, when firms hold this wider encouraging role on the public by being engaged with stakeholders, a variety of profit can be produced for both company and the stakeholders. A key inclination is the combination of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into the organization strategy, culture, mission and communications. By incorporating corporate citizenship into the company it is no longer an additional “nice thing to do” or something made to obey laws or regulations. Instead, corporate responsibility has become something business leaders and workforce want to engage in, frequently because executives who believe in the long-term see business profit. The four types of social responsibilities a...
In recent years, companies are becoming socially responsible and now stakeholders almost expect a company to have CSR policies. Therefore, in twentieth century, corporate social responsibility (CSR) became an important development in public life (Barnett, ND).Corporate social responsibility is defined as “the ways in which an organisation exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders specified through regulation and corporate governance” (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). Stakeholders can be defined as “those individuals or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organisation depends” (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). There are many purposes for this essay, the first purpose is to descried the key principles of corporate social responsibility and explain their importance for stakeholders. Secondly, is to show how far this company follows those principles in order to be accountable to at least three of its stakeholders. In this essay, three stakeholders, environment, customers and employees will be evaluated respectively and the key principles of the stakeholders will be examined.
An organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) drives them to look out for the different interests of society. Most business corporations undertake responsibility for the impact of their organizational pursuits and various activities on their customers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment. With the high volume of general competition between different companies and organizations in varied fields, CSR has become a morally imperative commitment, more than one enforced by the law. Most organizations in the modern world willingly try to improve the general well-being of not only their employees, but also their families and the society as a whole.
I begin this essay by defining CSR, there are many definitions for this term by various different theorists, and EU says that CSR is "A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis." On the other hand, Sloman et al. define it as "The concept in which a firm takes into account is the interests and concerns of a community rather than just its shareholder". Davis and Blomstrom (1966), say it "Refers to a person’s obligation to consider the effects of his decisions and actions on the whole social system". These definitions differ from one another in many ways but they agree that CSR involves taking the environment into account and therefore, one must look take social responsibility.
The article “The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits” is written by a famous economist Milton Friedman. Friedman in this article implies that shareholders are the main drivers of the corporations and he believes that it is to them corporations must be socially responsible to. The goal of any corporation is to maximize profits and return the portion of these profits to shareholders for investing in the corporation. The shareholders can themselves decide which social causes to take part in rather than assigning a corporate executive to decide on their behalf. Friedman argues that a corporation must have no social responsibility to society because its only concern is the increase profits for itself and its shareholders.
The arguments for and against corporate social responsibility have captured two points of view. Those who believe that organizations should not be concerned about social responsibility base many of their arguments on the costs involved and whether organizations should shoulder those costs on behalf of society. And those who are in favor feel that organizations benefit from society and, therefore, have an obligation to improve it. Although there is no universal agreement, surveys and other reports express that many organizations are, becoming increasingly active in addressing social
Reed, B. (2011). The Business of Social Responsibility. Retrieved from Dollars and Sense Real World Economics: http://www.dollarsandsense.org/archives/1998/0598reed.html
Business organizations regularly run into demands from various stakeholders groups when conducting day-to-day business. These demands are generated from employees, customers, suppliers, community groups, governments, and shareholders. Thus, according to Goodpaster, any person or group of people that can shape or can be shaped by attainment of the objectives by an organization is considered a stakeholder. Most business organizations recognize and understand their responsibilities to these groups and endeavor to honor and fulfill them. These responsibilities are often communicated to the public by a statement of principles or beliefs. For many business organizations, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an essential and integral part of their business. Thus, this paper discusses the two CSR views: the classical view and the stakeholder view. Furthermore, I believe that the stakeholder view has brought ethical concerns to the forefront of businesses, and an argument shall be made that businesses would improve both socially and economically if CSR, guided by God’s love, was integrated into their strategic planning.
Bowie, (1991) New directions in corporate social responsibility - moral pluralism and reciprocity, Business Horizons, 34, 4 pp.56-65
While the concept of an individual having responsibility is commonly recognized, modern views have lead to the emerging issue of corporate responsibility. Business Directory.com defines corporate social responsibility as, “A company’s sense of responsibility towards the community and environment (both ecological and social) in which it operates. Companies express this citizenship (1) through their waste and pollution reduction processes, (2) by contributing educational and social programs, and (3) by earning adequate returns on the employed resources.” But such a concept has been much disputed since at least the 1970’s.
Corporate Social Responsibility is an organisation’s obligation to serve the company’s own interest and the one’s of the society. Moreover, Corporate Social Responsibility has a definition of a concept where the companies integrate social and the environmental concerns into their own business operation and also on a basis of voluntary with their interactions they have with the stakeholders. Corporate Social Resp...