I. Americans wished to control the Great Lakes, but with an army that was not trained and disciplined led drawbacks against the British until a compromise was met with the Treaty of Ghent. A. Battle for Canada and the Great Lakes 1. British forces were weakest in Canada. 2. Three attempts of invasion (Detroit, Niagra, and Lake Champlain) beaten once they had crossed over to Canada 3. British and Canadians had advantage of upper Great Lakes by capturing American fort Michilimackinac led by Isaac Brock, with assistant from "General Mud" and "General Confusion." 4. Invasion began again in 1813 were Americans had far advance Navy then the British, ships equipped with heavy firepower, thicker sides, larger crew that were majority free blacks. 5. The British were defeated by General Harrison's army at the Battle of the Thames in October 1813, for Americans to gain control of the Great Lakes. 6. Late 1814, Americans were defending there own soil from the British, with an attack at New York using the Lake river route. American fleet led by Thomas Macdonough led America to victory and drove the British away from the New England Area. B. Attack on the Nation Capital and Defending New Orleans 1. An attack on Washington on 1814 led the British to burn the capital and the White House, in which Francis Scott Key observed and wrote "The Star Spangled Banner." 2. Another attack was aimed at New Orleans in 1814, where Andrew Jackson was held in command. 3. January 8,1815 was the start of the Battle of New Orleans. British were badly defeated to poor tactics. Victory led to Nationalism within the people of the U.S. 4. British retaliated by blocking of... ... middle of paper ... ... Jackson took advantage of. President Monroe alarmed at Jackson's actions gave forth to the Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819 (Adams-Onis Treaty). Spain gave up Florida and claims of Oregon. B. The Monroe Doctrine 1. Monroe Doctrine born on 1823 which consisted of two basic features, non colonization and nonintervention. 2. Directed at Russia due to colonization efforts by establishing trade posts in California, meaning that other nations would not be able to acquire/seize any more land in the America's. 3. Nonintervention was targeted at Europe to keep their system of government away from them. Mostly aiming toward southern regions where fleeing Spanish American republics were. 4. Monroe Doctrine did not have much significance. It was attained as protecting newborn republic neighbors but truly was only concerned about the nations defense.
The battle of New Orleans was a significant battle in the war of 1812. It was a crushing defeat for the British, increased patriotism, and Andrew Jackson emerged an American hero.
After the U.S gained their independence form Britain, they faced the greatest obstacle that would threaten their independence. This was a second war fought against Great Britain called the War of 1812. The war was fought on land and on sea and lasted almost three years. There were many forces that led Americans to declare war on Britain in 1812.
James Monroe will always be best known by his Doctrine, but what most people don’t know is that most of the Monroe Doctrine was written by the Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams. Also, Adams was the one who told him to do it. The Monroe Doctrine was originally a letter to Congress in 1823. The document stated that it was the end of colonizing the Americas. When James and Elizabeth Monroe retired, they moved to their Virginia estate called Oak Hill.
The War of 1812 was one of the most insignificant wars in U.S. history which despite its failure to accomplish its strategic goals, the country showed the world that the U.S., military could stand up to the British on land. Bradford Perkins presented a short but brilliant account on the root cause of the war, by offering two thesis’s to support the claim that the land hunger, the loss of commerce, and national honor were the main causes. Right from the start Perkins argued that the war of 1812 was the product of resentment at various British actions which challenged American sovereignty on sea, and on land. He thus tries to explain how the two theories (land hunger and national honor) emerged, and the main issues which led to the cause of the war.
...rth American domination, now held the entire continent, with the exceptions of Florida, Mexico, and the Californian coast, which still were the possessions of Spain. England had won the struggle for North American dominance.
Even more complicated than Russia and even more influential in persuading Monroe and Adams that the Monroe Doctrine was necessary was the nation who had the most presence in the New World-- Spain. The Spanish colonies and territorial claims were massive spanning from Florida out to the West coast, including the Oregon territory, down through Central America and spanning almost all of the South American continent. After the wars in Europe ended, the previous King of Spain was replaced by King Ferdinand VII. Though a series of rebellions threatened his hold on the Spanish crown, the Congress of Vienna agreed to aid King Ferdinand in securing his throne and in 1822 the reinstallation of absolute monarchy in Spain was successful (Robertson). This caused concern for Monroe because King Ferdinand was adamant on restoring balance and control in the Spanish colonies (McDougall). There was also concern, as aforementioned, that Russia would intervene to
Primarily, the United States foreign policy behind the Monroe Doctrine was introduced by President James Monroe in the midst of many Latin American countries gaining their independence from Spain. The doctrine stated that attempts by European countries to colonize or interfere with states in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as acts of aggression and U.S. intervention would be necessary. The Monroe Doctrine set the precedent for various foreign policies that would result in U.S. involvement in Latin America.
The War of 1812, sometimes referred to as “The Second War of Independence,” was one of the bloodiest, yet most pointless wars in American history. After 32 months of Americans fighting for a change in the relationship between Britain and the U.S., the war ended with a treaty that left many of the original conflicts unresolved. Although the war had no obvious victor, it boosted American nationalism and patriotism, something much needed after only 39 years of independence. However, British interferences with American trade, and the cost of war materials had a negative impact on the United State's economy. America’s geographic location, in relation to Canada and New York, played a key role in defense against British attacks. Whoever gained control of the Niagara peninsula that connected these two territories would have an advantage over the other nation.
Most Canadian victories came in the form of preventing American attack from being successful. This is the main Canadian reason for believing they won this war. An example of this occurred on 12 July 1812, when General Hull and his troops crossed into Canada. Their invasion was promptly met and turned away by opposing forces. This also happened in the Battle of Raisin River on 21 January 1813. American General Winchester surrendered to British Colonel Proctor, losing 500 prisoners. Perhaps the most significant of Canadian victories was the burning of Washington. When the British forces won the battle of Bladensburg, it “opened the door to Washington”. The Capitol Building and the White House were destroyed but luckily, for the Americans, torrential rains put out fires in the rest of the city. To the Canadians from 1812-1814, this was reason enough to believe that they were victorious. To Canadians now it seems a shallow way to claim triumph.
When Thomas Jefferson become president on 1801, one of his top goals was to take possession of the port of New Orleans. Its location was at the mouth of the Mississippi river on the Gulf of Mexico that made it ideal for farmers to transport their goods to markets. Jefferson sent a broker to talk to the current owner of New Orleans, France. The French
One of the causes of Pontiac’s war is that the French had lost the French and Indian War to the British. The French were allies with the Native Americans and treated them with respect. They also gave gifts of gunpowder, guns, animal pelts, and furs, and jewelry to the Native Americans. Britain was not so nice. They invaded the Native Americans’ land without asking; they didn’t exchange gifts because they thought that it was blackmail, and treated them with disrespect. The British had even issued a law that stated that no white man could cross the west side of the Appalachian Mountains without permission. Yet this did not stop the British from crossing the Appalachian Mountains. This angered the Chief Pontiac as he thought they were a threat to daily life. He then brought together the tribes Ottawa, Ojibwa, Shawnee, Miami, Huron, Seneca, and Potawatomi to attack local British settlements and forts.
The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 1812 to the spring of 1815 (Findling, 15). When the war began, it was being fought by the Americans to address their grievances toward the British, though toward the end, the issues eventually were unjustified and reasons manipulated. There is no single cause for the War of 1812 but instead, several related causes, such the influence of the War Hawks, the impressments as well as the Embargo and Non-Intercourse acts, and the British's possible interference with the Indian Nations, and land ownership disputes between the Natives and Americans, ultimately leading to the Battle of Tippecanoe.
"The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 defined United States foreign policy in the Americas for the rest of the 19th century and beyond. It declared that the United States had an interest in the Western Hemisphere and the European powers must not meddle in the affairs of any developing nations there. The United States was a young nation in 1823 and did not really have to powers to back up the Monroe Doctrine. However, the policy was used to justify the sending of the U.S. troops into Mexico in 1866 (to intimidate the French) and the purchased of Alaska in 1867". Another case of Imperialism was the United States industrial economy was growing so fast that they were producing more goods than they could consume. The over abundance of industrial goods led the United States to look for new markets. Next came the Spanish-American War, which started with the Americans not liked the way that the Spaniards were treated the Cubans. After this an U.S. battleship (Maine) was docked outside of Havana (Cuba's Capital) and all of a sudden exploded from under the sea. At the time no one actually knew the real reason why the ship exploded but many Americans thought that it was the Spaniards. 266 officers and men were lost in the explosion. William McKinley (U.S. President 1897-1901) went to congress and asked for permission to send troops to help stop the fighting in Cuba. After a couple of days he was given permission which shortly led to war. Spain declared war on the United States on April 24th followed by an U.S. declaration of war on the 25th.
The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, occurred during the War of 1812. Moraviantown is right along the Thames River in Ontario, Canada. The British had allied with the Native Americans against the white Americans. Trying to stop the white Americans from taking their land, Tecumseh formed a confederacy with Native Americans from the southern part of America. They allied with the British after Major General William Henry Harrison destroyed their land. After Tecumseh’s death during the 1812 War, the Native American forces became weak and could not stand against the United States. As the British and Native Americans remained defeated at the Battle of Thames, the Americans went ahead and took control of the northwest
The Monroe Doctrine and the Manifest Destiny stated America's philosophies regarding foreign policy. The Monroe Doctrine (1823), crafted by President Monroe and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, was a statem...