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Introductory paragraph aboriginals in canada
Aboriginal society in canada
Aboriginal people in canada
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Victoria is found in the Western part of Canada in British Columbia and is the provinces capital city (Tourism Victoria, 2018). Victoria can be found on the southern end of Vancouver Island which is the largest island off the west coast of North America (Tourism Victoria, 2018). Victoria’s longitude is 123 degrees 22’ west and the latitude is 48 degrees 25’ north (Tourism Victoria, 2018). In 2016, Victoria’s population was approximately 367, 770 people (Statistics Canada, 2017). The physical geography of Victoria is vast. The area contains rolling lowlands, where granite reaches up to 300 meters (Tourism Victoria, 2018). In parts of the shoreline, waves cut into layers of glacial till and delta material (Tourism Victoria, 2018). Over time this …show more content…
In addition, post-secondary education and shipbuilding also play a major role in diving Victoria’s economy (Duffy, 2016). Victoria also has many educational opportunities available to students, including, colleges, universities, and public and private elementary and high schools (Tourism Victoria, 2018). Victoria is home to forty-eight regional, provincial and federal parks in Greater Victoria which occupy a total of 22, 724 acres of land (Tourism Victoria, 2018). These parks offer many activities like ocean river adventures, museums, zip lining, hiking, camping, and whale watching, to name a few, which make it a unique place to visit (Duffy, 2016). Victoria is also home to Canada’s Western naval base and a major fishing industry (Tourism Victoria, 2018). Victoria is a beautiful city and has many attractions to draw in tourists and people looking for a place to start their lives and …show more content…
Treaties are legal and constitutionally binding agreements between First Nations and Federal and Provincial governments that outline but are not limited to, land ownership, governance, wildlife and environmental management, financial benefits and taxation (CRD, n.d.). The treaty process in British Columbia has been proven to be a very slow one, which has resulted in Aboriginal groups withdrawing, or simply not joining the treaty talk at all (Egan, 2013). Only a few treaties have been finalized, and there are several dozen still being processed (Egan, 2013). In 2011, it was brought to attention that a new direction needed to be created for the treaty process as Aboriginal groups were burdened with the slow and painful process (Egan, 2013). The idea that the treaty process should be shut down if the problems could not be resolved was supported by Chief Commissioner for the BC Treaty Commission, Sophie Pierre (Egan, 2013). Most First Nations in British Columbia did not formally ceded their land to the British Crown like most other First Nations Peoples across Canada (CRD, n.d.). Five of the ten First Nations who have Reserve lands in this area are negotiating modern treaties with the crown (CRD, n.d.). These are the Pacheedaht, T’Sou-ke, S’cia-new, Songhees, and Malahat Peoples (CRD, n.d.). The Douglas Treaties, or the Vancouver Island Treaties, were
Steckley, J., & Cummins, B. D. (2008). Full circle: Canada's First Nations (2nd ed.). Toronto:
Brimbank Park (coordinates 37.7340° S, 144.8370° E) is located in the Maribyrnong Valley (hollowed by the Maribyrnong River), near the Melbourne suburb Keilor. It is intersected by the Maribynong River and the M80 highway, which reveals the adaptive nature of the natural environment in a growing urban area. (Parks Victoria, 2013)
Glen Coulthard’s “Resentment and Indigenous Politics” discusses the politics of recognition that are currently utilized within Canada’s current framework of rectifying its colonial relationship with Indigenous peoples. Coulthard continues a discussion on reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the state that recognizes the three main methods of reconciliation: the diversity of individual and collective practices to re-establish a positive self relation, the act of restoring damaged social and political relationships and the process in which things are brought to agreement and made consistent.
... Australia's workforce, infrastructure, schools, hospitals & healthcare, helping families and low income earners, and investment into regional areas.
Although the Canadian government has done a great deal to repair the injustices inflicted on the First Nations people of Canada, legislation is no where near where it needs to be to ensure future protection of aboriginal rights in the nation. An examination of the documents that comprise the Canadian Constitution and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms reveal that there is very little in the supreme legal documents of the nation that protect aboriginal rights. When compared with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples it is clear that the Canadian Constitution does not acknowledge numerous provisions regarding indigenous people that the UN resolution has included. The most important of these provisions is the explicit recognition of First Nations rights to their traditional lands, which have a deep societal meaning for aboriginal groups. Several issues must be discussed to understand the complex and intimate relationship all aboriginal societies have with the earth. Exploration into the effects that the absence of these rights has had the Cree of the Eastern James Bay area, will provide a more thorough understanding of the depth of the issue. Overall, the unique cultural relationship First Nations people of Canada have with Mother Earth needs to be incorporated into the documents of the Canadian Constitution to ensure the preservation and protection of Canadian First Nations cultural and heritage rights.s
Few Canadians acknowledge the Aboriginals and their land rights, and even fewer Canadians study them. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 is considered one of the most important treaties in history to be made with the Native People; yet very few have even a vague idea when they hear the words “Royal Proclamation, 1763”. Even with the grounds that the Royal Proclamation of 1763 provided, Canada has repeatedly shown ill treatment towards Aboriginals in an repugnant manner. The Royal Proclamation should be respected as an official treaty, signified as a milestone, as well as to be a lesson to teach Canadians equality toward Aboriginals.
The journey for the Aboriginals to receive the right to keep and negotiate land claims with the Canadian government was long but prosperous. Before the 1970's the federal government chose not to preform their responsibilities involving Aboriginal issues, this created an extremely inefficient way for the Aboriginals to deal with their land right problems. The land claims created by the Canadian government benefited the aboriginals as shown through the Calder Case, the creation of the Office of Native Claims and the policy of Outstanding Business.
“In about half of the Dominion, the aboriginal rights of Indians have arguably been extinguished by treaty” (Sanders, 13). The traditions and culture of Aboriginals are vanishing at a quick pace, and along it is their wealth. If the Canadian Government restore Native rights over resource development once again, Aboriginals would be able to gain back wealth and help with the poverty in their societies. “An influential lobby group with close ties to the federal Conservatives is recommending that Ottawa ditch the Indian Act and give First Nations more control over their land in order to end aboriginal poverty once and for all” (End First). This recommendation would increase the income within Native communities, helping them jump out of
Roger Townshend makes a number of points that support the idea of Native sovereignty. He identifies that the very perception of sovereignty in regard to Aboriginals in Canada has changed. In the initial contact by early European settlers, Aboriginals were treated as “…allies or as enemies, but in any event, as nations to be treated as equals with European States,” (Townshend 37). Through ti...
Olthius and Townshend are in favour of native sovereignty within Canada based on historical and moral grounds. These authors believe there is a difference in perceptions between native and non-native Canadians regarding the jurisdiction over Canadian territory. In their essay, they write that Aboriginal people believe the Canadian state is oppressive and usurps the powers of Aboriginal people, while most non-aboriginals would be unlikely to question the status of the Canadian state. The essay contends that before European settlement, First Nations people had stability in their economic and political structures. Although their style was different than that of European nations, there was recognition of sovereignty of aboriginal lands. Acquisition of land in Canada did not come from conquest; rather it came primarily in the form of land transaction treaties. However, the treaties did little to support the claim of Canadian sovereignty since they are mostly unclear about issues of jurisdiction. A secondary way of claiming land for European settlement was through discovery of vacan...
Canada likes to paint an image of peace, justice and equality for all, when, in reality, the treatment of Aboriginal peoples in our country has been anything but. Laden with incomprehensible assimilation and destruction, the history of Canada is a shameful story of dismantlement of Indian rights, of blatant lies and mistrust, and of complete lack of interest in the well-being of First Nations peoples. Though some breakthroughs were made over the years, the overall arching story fits into Cardinal’s description exactly. “Clearly something must be done,” states Murray Sinclair (p. 184, 1994). And that ‘something’ he refers to is drastic change. It is evident, therefore, that Harold Cardinal’s statement is an accurate summarization of the Indigenous/non-Indigenous relationship in
In modern-day Canada, treaties have been negotiated and signed throughout its history for various purposes. Treaties are the building blocks of Canada as they began prior to the creation of Canada between the Indigenous and the Crown. There are approximately seventy historical treaties that are accredited by the Canadian government between the Indigenous and the Crown (Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, 2008). The Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy) and the Anglo-American colonies signed a series of treaties between the late 1600s to early 1700s called The Covenant Chain (Jaenen, 2006). A series of peace and friendship treaties were negotiated between the English and the Indigenous in the Maritime regions during 1725-1779 (Albers, 2011).
The year 1907 marked the beginning of treaty making in Canada. The British Crown claims to negotiate treaties in pursuance of peaceful relations between Aboriginal peoples and non-Aboriginals (Canada, p. 3, 2011). Treaties started as agreements for peace and military purposes but later transformed into land entitlements (Egan, 2012, p. 400). The Royal Proclamation of 1763, which recognizes Indian sovereignty and its entitlement to land, became the benchmark for treaty making in Canada (Epp, 2008, p. 133; Isaac & Annis, p. 47, 48; Leeson, 2008, p. 226). There are currently 70 recognized treaties in Canada, encompassing 50 percent of Canadian land mass and representing over 600,000 First Nations people (Canada, 2013). These treaties usually have monetary provisions along with some financial benefits given by the Crown, in exchange for lands and its resources (Egan, 2012, p. 409). Its purpose should be an equal sharing of wealth that is beneficial for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginals (Egan, 2012, p. 414).
The SWOT analysis is a useful tool for identifying our personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to our plans and goals. According to a “Fuel My Motivation” article (2010), this analysis considers internal influences that can positively or negatively affect our ability to achieve our goals. The internal factors are our strengths and weaknesses. Also considered are opportunities and threats, which are external influences that can have a positive or negative impact on the ability to achieve our goals. I will share how the self-assessment instruments and self-exercises in this course have contributed to assessing and understanding my strengths and weaknesses. I will also discuss techniques I will use to leverage my strengths and understand my weaknesses. In addition, I will consider opportunities that I can take advantage of and the threats that can possibly impede my progress.
test whatever it's a bad effect or not. So when it used on humans, we