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The influence of Hollywood
Misrepresentation of ethnicity in films
Hollywoods effect on the American people
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The depiction of minorities, specifically women and Native Americans, in Western film has changed drastically from the early 1930's to the late 1980's. These changes represent the changing views of American society in general throughout the 20th century. In the early part of the century, women and Native Americans were depicted as a burden. Women were viewed as a form of property, helpless and needing support. These minorities were obstacles in the quest for manifest destiny by the United States. Western films during the early 20th century represent the ignorance of American culture towards minorities. As time progressed, society began to develop compassion for Native Americans and men began to see women as equals. The movie industry perpetuated the views of society throughout the last century. When Native Americans were seen as an "obstacle" in westward expansion, film directors supported these views on screen. As society began to question the treatment of Native Americans and women, the film scripts responded to these changes. By looking at western films over the last 60 years, the correlation between societal attitudes and film plots has changed the views of Native Americans and women. The two have worked together to bring the portrayal of Native Americans from savage beasts to victims, and women from property to equals.
In the 1930's Native Americans and women were viewed as inferior races. The films produced during the early part of the 20th century, particularly those starring John Wayne reflected these societal attitudes. The portrayal of minorities in Stagecoach and Fort Apache clearly reflect the views of society at that time. The depiction of the West is similar to that which is found in old history textbooks, em...
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...th the first westward expansion and the oppression of women lasted until the 1950's. However, it took American film produces until the 1990's to create roles for these minorities that were equal to those of white males. The depiction of minorities in western films, particularly women and Native Americans, has made significant progress from the 1930's and this progress has trickled into the teaching of history, particularly western expansion. Textbooks that used to emphasis the triumph and dominance of the United States over Native Americans, are now explaining expansion with less pride and more guilt. Women who played significant roles in society used to be ignored by history books, and are now included in almost every chapter. The progressive movements made by the film industry and society are allowing for Americans to look at the west in a new, enlightened manner.
In 1962 MGM (Metro-Goldwyn Mayer Films) released “How The West Was Won”, projected in a movie theater with three panels that needed to be projected by three different movie projectors at the same time. In a time where the classic western genre was about to be extinct. This ambitious project filmed by three different directors ended in a huge success, and it made investors believe that the movie industry could compete with the TV.
... between 11 to 24 repeats of the CAG allele; many people may argue that hiring Wu is an extremely risky decision since Wu has 72 repeats of the CAG allele when any amount above 42 appears to be correlated with an earlier manifestation of symptoms. However, nothing is certain and hiring or not hiring Wu is enough of a risk for the IPC already. The best path to take is to hire Wu with a contract that terminates Wu’s employment as soon as he begins to show symptoms and have an understudy ready to replace Wu after his leave. If the IPC decides not to hire Nathaniel Wu, they must solely base the decision from the qualifications of both candidates, otherwise the decision will have violated bioethics. Regardless of the decision the IPC makes, the company will inevitably face financial struggles; it is a matter of acting upon the stalemate that it has trapped itself within.
Stereotypes dictate a certain group in either a good or bad way, however more than not they give others a false interpretation of a group. They focus on one factor a certain group has and emphasize it drastically to the point that any other aspect of that group becomes lost. Media is one of the largest factors to but on blame for the misinterpretation of groups in society. In Ten Little Indians, there are many stereotypes of Native Americans in the short story “What You Pawn I Will Redeem”. The story as a whole brings about stereotypes of how a Native American in general lives and what activities they partake in. By doing so the author, Alexie Sherman, shows that although stereotypes maybe true in certain situations, that stereotype is only
The bald eagle was finally adopted as the emblem of the United States in 1787 because "its long life, great strength, and majestic looks, and also because it was then believed to exist only on this continent." The bald eagle has survived for many years. It was almost lost at one point, and finally now is on its way back and the numbers are rising thanks to many efforts by various foundations. The Bald Eagle is more than a just a bird like every other species it too has a special part in keeping the food chain going.
All in all, the treatment of the American Indian during the expansion westward was cruel and harsh. Thus, A Century of Dishonor conveys the truth about the frontier more so than the frontier thesis. Additionally, the common beliefs about the old west are founded in lies and deception. The despair that comes with knowing that people will continue to believe in these false ideas is epitomized by Terrell’s statement, “Perhaps nothing will ever penetrate the haze of puerile romance with which writers unfaithful to their profession and to themselves have surrounded the westerner who made a living in the saddle” (Terrell 182).
One of such films to form realities of who the African American people are from a white’s perspective is the film that debuted in 1915 called Birth of a Nation. It was a widely popular film that promoted a negative stereotype of African Americans (Fang, 1997). It helped cement many white Americans long held beliefs of black Americans during the 1930’s, perpetuating their ideologies of white culture to the protests of African Americans. Beyond ideology, film has influenced audience behaviors, furniture, speech styles, and fashion, perfectly illustrating films permeability into American culture (Jowett & O’Donnell, 2006). Film also taps into the American psychological attitudes that can be an very effective tool in for shaping cultural and social information (Jowett & O’Donnell, 2006). Film, along with television, are also seen as vehicles for propaganda, but can be achieved in a more subtle fashion to effectively reach the audience and for the audience members to take
Within Lakota Woman, by Mary Crow Dog, a Lakota woman speaks of her story about growing up in the 60s and 70s and shares the details of the difficulties she and many other Native Americans had to face throughout this time period. Although Native Americans encountered numerous challenges throughout the mid twentieth century, they were not the only ethnic group which was discriminated against; African Americans and other minority groups also had to endure similar calamities. In order to try to gain equality and eliminate the discrimination they faced, such groups differed with their inclusion or exclusion of violence.
When the heart contracts a shockwave is produced pumps blood forcefully out of the ventricles into the aorta the shock wave travels along the fibres of the arteries and is commonly called the arterial or peripheral pulse. The pulse weather regular, irregular, thready or strong, gives a good overall picture of the clients health status. Several characteristics should be assessed when measuring the radial pulse rate, rhythm, amplitude, contour and elasticity of the various characteristics. amplitude can be quantified as follows 1 thready or weak 2 normal 3bounding If abnormalities are noted during assessment of the radial pulse further assessment should be performed for more information on assessing pulses and abnormal pulse findings
Location played a fundamental role in the development of these four civilizations. They grew next to rivers, which was source of food and water. Thanks to the river, civilizations were able to develop agriculture. Agriculture is the first step towards cultural development since it allows people to go from a nomadic to a sedentary life. When people do not have to worry about finding food, it allows time to develop other areas of human life. These agricultural societies had to adjust constantly to floods by building canals and dikes. Methods of drainage and irrigation were used to take advantage of the fertile soil next to the river. Mesopotamia, which means “between the rivers,” developed amid the Tigris and Euphrates River. Egypt, or “the gift of the river,” grew next to the Nile River. China was located on the Huang Ho River and Indian on the Indus River. Location was also strategic in many circumstances and allowed the river valley civilizations to develop differently. Mesopotamia was open to invasions by peoples such as the Hittites. Egypt had natural protection from all sides: the Nile River to the east and south, the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the desert to the west; invasions were less frequent. “Egyptians felt a sense of security that was rare in Mesopotamia” (civilization, 29). China, like Mesopotamia, was open to invasions, for instance barbarian tribes. India’s location facilitated trade between West Asia, Africa and Europe. It was also protected by the Himalayan Mountains to the north. Nevertheless, it was also invaded on several occasions by people such as Alexander the Great and the Greeks.
Discrimination was a tremendous concern in the nineteenth century, as slavery was still in place, and Native Americans were being moved across the country. Mark Twain’s book, Adventures of Huckleberry Film, consisted of a main character who faced discrimination due to the fact that he was a black slave. Not only was discrimination against Blacks prominent, so was discrimination towards Native Americans as depicted in Kevin Costner’s film Dances With Wolves. It is important to look at the experiences of the people within these examples to grasp a better understanding of discrimination in the nineteenth century. Minorities were thought of as inferior to white people, but experience with these people changed the way they were viewed, which led to Whites believing that minorities were just as equal.
“…a mere mortal, could override the gods, the great unwritten, unshakable traditions…These laws I was not about to break them… and face retribution of the gods.”(505-513) This provides a basis for Antigone’s hubris, her belief in God, standing for what is right, defying man’s rule. As the play progresses Antigone’s hubris becomes more apparent as she claims, “Give me glory! What greater could I win than to give my own brother a decent burial?”(562-563). This pride in committing a moral and God-willed deed reaches a point where Antigone thinks that it is
John Ford’s classic American Western film, Stagecoach (1939) shows many examples of political life and social behavior during it’s time. The plot is about nine travelers onboard a stagecoach from Tonto, Arizona to Lordsburg, New Mexico Territory. In the beginning, the passengers of the Stagecoach are unfamiliar with each other. However, their relationships grow as they get to know each other during their journey. Each character claims a different social position.
“5 Common Native American Stereotypes in Film and Television” written by Nadra Kareem Nittle and published ThoughtCo. The article points out that although, we have made great strides in the portrayal of white men and women, our portrayal of the Native American has had little change. Native American women, generally portrayed as “Beautiful Maidens” or “easy squaws” ripe for the picking by non- Native men. This depiction leaves them open to unwanted and often unwarranted sexual advances as well as discrimination. In general, our depiction of Native Men has become the standard “Magical Medicine Men” or a “Blood Thirsty Warrior”. Hollywood’s portrayal of the Native Man is still that of a “tomahawk wielding warrior” only interested in war. While
...es, in the eyes of the modern moviegoers, this position is no longer reasonable due to the strides already made by women in quest for equality. It is a reflection of how the past American society treated its women and draws to the traditional inclination of the Americans to achieve financial independence as seen in this post war film.
Mesopotamia is recognized as one of the first places where civilizations began to form. In this area, many people were exchanging their nomadic lifestyles for sedentary lifestyles, hence why Mesopotamia is commonly referred to as “The Cradle of Civilization”. The definition of Mesopotamia is the land between rivers. Ancient Mesopotamia was a section of land located in the Middle East, between the Tigris and Euphrates River. The physical geography played a large role in the blossoming of this civilization. The Mesopotamians had access to natural levees that were scattered along the Euphrates River. This was a feature that attracted numerous settlers. Levees are embankments which were produced through the build-up of sediment over thousands of years. They served as dams due to their slopes and offered protection from flooding. The sediment from the levees was fertile, and easily cultivated. The levees were also used as irrigation systems to supply water to dry land. One of Mesopotamia’s greatest empires was Assyria, which was renowned for its military accomplishments. They were the most feared army in the Near East. No civilization was able to surpass the proficiency of the Assyrian military staff (administrators, engineers, ...