The Internet is a developed, a privately administered system, allowing to make registration, which is the result of a global presence and accessibility from anywhere in the world. Another system - the system of intellectual property rights (IPR) - is a publicly administered system, formed on the basis of territoriality, and it allows to exercise rights only in the particular territory. Collaboration of these two systems led to the emergence of the phenomenon of crossing global cyberspace with the IP legislation of individual countries.
Here I am going to introduce the one of the widespread way of use IP in the Internet. It is electronic commerce (e-commerce).
There are several types of e-commerce, but the most common are three: B2B, C2C, B2C. B2B (business-to-business) bases on the principle when companies do business with other companies, which involves the use of trade names in the Internet. C2C (consumer-to-consumer) means carrying out transactions between persons, who are not registered as legal entities and private entrepreneurs. As a rule, according to the scheme C2C, trade is carried out on the pages of online auctions. They have received recent recognition among Internet users because of their convenience and easy to use. The advantage of the websites is the lower cost of goods, compared with its value from producers or sellers. The scheme B2C (business-to-customer) is introduced by the classic online stores that use domain names as commercial marks. For the first time they appeared in the mid-90s. In 1994, "Pizza Hut" posted on its website an offer to order a pizza over the Internet, and since then, this kind of business has become popular all over the world .
There are numerous companies that rely on business models tha...
... middle of paper ...
...becomes a recurring challenge for trademark owners. Domain names may act as barriers to commerce when they are registered or used in bad faith to violate third-party 's rights, including intellectual property rights. Despite the cybersquatting menace, domain names have not been included in the TRIPS Agreement. Historically, this is rooted in the fact that the Internet was not yet a pressing source of IP infringements at the time the TRIPS Agreement was drafted.
Intellectual property has migrated to the Internet, both in substance and as a concept vital to the success of e-commerce enterprises. It is notable that the premier criteria, innovation, also serves as the basis for the intellectual property system, such that the promotion of innovation and the protection of its products is the goal of intellectual property law, more imperative than ever in this digital age.
What is a problem with DNS? There is DNS spoofing and DNS hijacking both usually done by hackers, and they could direct users to websites containing malware or a third-party search engine or just corrupt DNS data in general.
The Internet, originally arising from the American military, has grown to a main source of communication for millions around the world and has helped in creating a global village. The Internet started gaining fast acceptance in the 1990's especially in North America. Countries such as China however, still have limited access and control over the contents on the internet allowed ...
In two distinct e-commerce business types, Business-to-business (B2B) and Business-to-Consumer (B2C), there are many differences in the way they operate. Specifically in marketing, differences include how the marketing is driven and the values of the strategies, the size of the target market and length of the sales cycle, and even the buying patterns of the target consumers. Each of these differences will be better defined and explained in the following paragraphs.
“Copyright is a fundamental right of ownership and protection common to all of the arts” (O’Hara & Beard, 2006, p. 8). “It is a form of intellectual Property (IP)” and it gives the owner exclusive rights to the copyright (O’Hara & Beard, 2006, p. 11).
The Internet. It is a vast network of millions of users, surfing and sharing billions of files, all day, every day. To individuals holding copyrights on intellectual property, this is a frightening proposition. After all, there is virtually no protection for these copyright holders from the misuse of their property. But, as Scott Sullivan, writer for The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin stated, “as history has proven, technological and societal advances usually come with a price.” The price society is paying for the Internet is a loss of copyright protection by laws for their intellectual material.
Online Auction e.g. eBay. In common with new online retail brands, before the emergence of Internet technologies, this concept was not possible. Essentially eBay is a Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) business. For more information on how online auctions work, see the lesson on eMarketing and price.
The Internet and international business is an interesting topic- discussing an area of business that will probably be around for many years and possibly centuries to come. Since its earliest days, the Internet has been a means of communication, an essential tool in almost instant communication.
The World Intellectual Property Organization, Intellectual property is the ‘products of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, any symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce’. Intellectual Properties such as Patents, designs, trademarks and copyrights are protected by laws .The US government offers different types of protection for these properties. The Lanham Act (15 U.S.C.A. section 1051 et seq) also known as the trademark act of 1946 provides protection for trademarks. A trademark is defined as a name, a word, a symbol, or device or any combination thereof, adopted and used by a manufacturer or merchant to identify his goods and distinguish them from those manufactured and sold by others. (Miaoulis 1978)
As the Internet has become more widely recognized and used by people all over the world, it has brought a new medium in which information can very easily be broadcast to everyone with access to it. In 1995 there was a projected 26 million Internet users, which has grown to almost 300 million today. One major problem with this is that everyone represents different countries and provinces which have different outtakes on certain types of freedom of speech as well as different laws about it. This proposes a new type of law that would need to be written in order to determine whether or not something is illegal on the Internet. A person in one country can express what they want to, but that expression may be illegal in another country and in this situation whose laws are to be followed? What I propose to do accomplish in this paper is to discuss the freedom of speech laws of the United States of America and those of France, China, and Canada. I will examine what about them is similar and what about them is different. The bringing of the Internet has brought many new types of businesses as well as ways in order to communicate with the world, but as with each new endeavor or invention, there needs to be a way in order to govern its use and policies. There must also be ways in order to punish those not following the new laws and policies of use, since that the country that the person is in may allow what they did, but it may not be allowed on the Internet or in a different country. In other words, there is the need for international laws governing the Internet.
Because of its intangible nature, and particularly the increase of the digital domain and the internet as a whole, computers and cyber piracy make it easier for people to steal many forms of intellectual property. Due to this major threat, intellectual property rights owners’ should take every single measure to protect their rights. Unless these rights are either sold, exchanged, transferred, or appropriately licensed for use in exchange for a monetary fee, they should be protected at all cost. In order to protect these rights, the federal and states governments have passed numerous laws and statutes to protect intellectual property from misappropriation and infringement. “The source of federal copyright and patent law originates with the Copyright and Patent ...
In 2012 the United Nations released a report declaring the internet access as a human right (United Nations, 2012). The way people use the internet today across the world makes it an extraordinary force. We can see its
The consistent use of information and communication technology (ICT) in modern world enables us for countless opportunities for individuals, institutions, business organisations and scientists, but it also raises difficult ethical and legal problems. In particular, ICT helped to make societies more complex and thus even harder to understand. The use of ICT has led to changes in concepts: ownership, buying and selling, right to possession, theft, justice in the distribution of resources and access rights. During the nineties, the internet has grown into all business segments resulting in a large number of questions running. It has been noted that during those time period there has been merging of computers, telecommunications, and media which is further emphasized by the emergence of new issues and strengthening old ones.
As American and European markets mature, Asia is turning out to be progressively appealing to businesses, particularly to e-business firms that flourish with global and scalable business models. Yet, barring markets like Japan, most global e-commerce players like Amazon, eBay and Expedia have yet to find in Asia the kind of success that they have enjoyed in their home markets. While late entry and local regulations partly explain their low market share in the region, these firms also face unique challenges in Asia due to diverse cultures, multiple languages and poor infrastructure. Given the rising significance of the Asian market, interest in the territory would seem to be a consistent step. But, it’s important not to forget that the international playing field, in respect of Intellectual Property, is exceptionally dynamic and competitive.
Intellectual property is information, original ideas and expressions of the persons mind that have profitable value and are protected under copyright, patent, service mark, trademark/trade secret regulation from replication, violation, and dilution. Intellectual property includes brand items, formulas, inventions, data, designs and the work of artists. It is one of the most tradable properties in the technology market.
The are two basic categories of business conducted over the internet, Business-to-Customer (B2C) and Business-to-Business (B2B), and they share one common key aspect - use of Internet technologies to manage all aspects of the business.