The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, by Michelle Alexander
analytical Essay
1198 words
The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness is a book by Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar. The book discusses race-related issues specific to African-American males and mass incarceration in the United States. Michelle Alexander (2010) argues that despite the old Jim Crow is death, does not necessarily means the end of racial caste (p.21). In her book “The New Jim Crow”, Alexander describes a set of practices and social discourses that serve to maintain African American people controlled by institutions. In this book her analyses is centered in examining the mass incarceration phenomenon in recent years. Comparing Jim Crow with mass incarceration she points out that mass incarceration is a network of laws, policies, customs and institutions that works together –almost invisible– to ensure the subordinate status of a group defined by race, African American (p. 178 -190). Alexander (2010) describes the New Jim Crow as a moment where society have already internalized the stereotypes of African American men as violent and more likely to commit crimes and where mass incarceration has been normalized – especially in poor areas– . That is, today is seen as normal that black parents are missing in their homes because they are in institutions of control (p.181). She also stresses American society denies racism when they assume the justice system works. Therefore, she claims that “mass incarceration is colorblind” (p.183). American society does not see the race biased within the institutions of control. Alexander (2010) suggests mass incarceration as a system of racialized social control that functions in the same way Jim Crow did. She describes how people that have been incarcer... ... middle of paper ... ...ople (p.195). 7) Symbolic production of race. Perhaps this is the most important category of her analyses. She stresses that mass incarceration as Jim Crow and slavery define and reinforce what being a black person means. During slavery being black meant to be a slave. During Jim Crow meant to be a second class citizen. And mass incarceration defines black people, especially men, as criminals. We can conclude with her analyses that the criminal justice in America is biased an even though I don’t agree with the suggestion Alexander has heard from other people that mass incarceration is a “conspiracy to put blacks back in their place” (p.5). It is clear that the justice system in the US is not completely fair, and that collective action must arise to struggle it. Works Cited Alexander, M. (2010). The New Jim Crow. New York, NY: The New Press.
In this essay, the author
- Introduces michelle alexander's book, the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness, which discusses race-related issues specific to african-american males.
- Analyzes how alexander describes the new jim crow as a moment where society internalized the stereotypes of african american men as violent and more likely to commit crimes.
- Analyzes how alexander (2010) suggests mass incarceration as a system of racialized social control that functions in the same way as jim crow did.
- Introduces michelle alexander's book, the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness, which discusses race-related issues specific to african-american males.
- Analyzes how alexander describes the new jim crow as a moment where society internalized the stereotypes of african american men as violent and more likely to commit crimes.
- Analyzes how alexander (2010) suggests mass incarceration as a system of racialized social control that functions in the same way as jim crow did.
- Analyzes how the war on drugs was launched to combat the crack crisis, but alexander argues that negative racial stereotypes surrounding it were widely dispersed on media.
- Explains that america has the highest rate on mass incarceration and prisons are full of black men. studies show that people of all colors use and sell illegal drugs at similar rates.
- Explains that mass incarceration is an invisible tool to maintain the repressive state apparatus working with a race bias. the new jim crow allows to segregate the black community and to obstacle its progress.
- Analyzes how alexander asserts that both jim crows were born as efforts from white elites to reinforce resentments and racial biases among poor and working class white people against african americans with political and economic purposes.
- Analyzes how both systems legalized discrimination. she stresses how once the prisoners are released they are discriminated for being felons.
- Analyzes how alexander notices that in the mass incarceration era felon disenfranchisement laws have been more effective to eliminate black voters than laws used during jim crow.
- Explains that courts tolerate the exclusion of african american from juries. alenxander asserts during jim crow african americans were judged only by whites.
- Analyzes how alexander asserts that the court is not willing to receive claims of racial bias. in the case of mass incarceration, it is outside the possibility to challenge the criminal justice system.
- Analyzes how mass incarceration functions similar to jim crow in segregating the black community from society.
- Concludes that the criminal justice system in america is biased, even though alexander disagrees with the suggestion that mass incarceration is a conspiracy to put blacks back in their place.
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- Mass Incarceration In The Criminal Justice Systemanalytical essayMichelle Alexander’s use of “Jim Crow” is a viable and useful analogy to describe the current American criminal justice system and mass incarceration. I believe our criminal justice system does not truly define justice or fairness. Also, I agree on the fact that while old “Jim Crow” laws may be dead; the current justice system serves many of the same purposes of those laws. Today, mass incarceration is the biggest issue in our criminal justice system, for mass incarceration is the new Jim Crow.
In this essay, the author
- Argues that the war on drugs is racist and that politicians have refused to invest jobs or schools in their communities. harsh punishment will never resolve this controversial conflict, but the criminal system does not seem to distinguish right from wrong.
- Opines that police discretion needs to be implemented differently. instead of only targeting blacks, they need to target all races equally.
- Opines that michelle alexander's use of "jim crow" is a viable analogy to describe the current american criminal justice system and mass incarceration.
- Argues that the war on drugs is racist and that politicians have refused to invest jobs or schools in their communities. harsh punishment will never resolve this controversial conflict, but the criminal system does not seem to distinguish right from wrong.
- Opines that police discretion needs to be implemented differently. instead of only targeting blacks, they need to target all races equally.
- Opines that michelle alexander's use of "jim crow" is a viable analogy to describe the current american criminal justice system and mass incarceration.
- Argues that racial bias in the criminal justice system is an old problem that has become worse.
1150 wordsRead More - The New Jim Crow Rhetorical Analysisanalytical essay“The New Jim Crow” is an article by Michelle Alexander, published by the Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law. Michelle is a professor at the Ohio State Moritz college of criminal law as well as a civil rights advocate. Ohio State University’s Moritz College of Law is part of the world’s top education system, is accredited by the American Bar Association, and is a long-time member of the American Law association. The goal of “The New Jim Crow” is to inform the public about the issues of race in our country, especially our legal system. The article is written in plain English, so the common person can fully understand it, but it also remains very professional. Throughout the article, Alexander provides factual information about racial issues in our country. She relates them back to the Jim Crow era and explains how the large social problem affects individual lives of people of color all over the country. By doing this, Alexander appeals to the reader’s ethos, logos, and pathos, forming a persuasive essay that shifts the understanding and opinions of all readers.
In this essay, the author
- Describes michelle alexander's article, "the new jim crow," published by the ohio state journal of criminal law.
- Analyzes how alexander develops pathos in her first two pages by making the reader feel comfortable with her writing and establishing that she has authority to talk on the mater.
- Analyzes how alexander discredits the legal system behind the war on drugs and the stigma that the reader may have against felons.
- Describes michelle alexander's article, "the new jim crow," published by the ohio state journal of criminal law.
- Analyzes how alexander develops pathos in her first two pages by making the reader feel comfortable with her writing and establishing that she has authority to talk on the mater.
- Analyzes how alexander discredits the legal system behind the war on drugs and the stigma that the reader may have against felons.
- Analyzes how alexander appeals to the reader's pathos throughout the body and conclusion of the article.
- Analyzes how michelle alexander appealed to the reader's ethos, logos, and pathos while remaining professional and maintaining her credibility.
1202 wordsRead More - Power Matters By Brenda Allenanalytical essayIn her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander states that we still use our criminal justice system to “label people of color ‘criminals’ and then engage i...
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- Analyzes brenda allen's claims about hierarchies and power dynamics in her chapter "social class matters." she explains that people are categorized according to themes of class difference and struggle.
- Analyzes how michelle alexander argues that federal drug policy disproportionately targets communities of color, perpetuating the cycle of poverty and the mass incarceration of young, black men.
- Analyzes how the american dream sets the ideals of democracy, freedom, equality, and opportunity in the us. the relationship between identity and ideology is important to understand how inequality is socially and culturally reproduced in today's american education system.
- Analyzes brenda allen's claims about hierarchies and power dynamics in her chapter "social class matters." she explains that people are categorized according to themes of class difference and struggle.
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1173 wordsRead More - Examples Of Mass Incarceration In The New Jim Crowanalytical essayMichelle Alexander asserts that mass incarceration in contemporary American society is the result of targeting African Americans in the “War on Drugs” and serves to maintain a racial caste system similar to the system that existed during pre-Civil War slavery and has been propelled by what Michael Cohen calls “Jim Crow political logic” of Southern
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how michelle alexander presents three compelling arguments in the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness.
- Opines that the saga of racial caste in america would terminate with the conclusion of the civil war if the idea of race had ended when the institution of slavery was banished
- Analyzes how michael cohen explains how southern progressives used image and narration to target african americans as criminal public menaces.
- Analyzes how michelle alexander presents three compelling arguments in the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness.
- Opines that the saga of racial caste in america would terminate with the conclusion of the civil war if the idea of race had ended when the institution of slavery was banished
- Analyzes how michael cohen explains how southern progressives used image and narration to target african americans as criminal public menaces.
- Analyzes how the south's first war on drugs was a criminal-medical adaptation of the logic of jim crow laws.
- Explains that the civil rights advances of the 1960s signified another racial calamity that required resolution through narrative and images of african americans as criminals.
- Analyzes how alexander asserts that drug war rhetoric has been used to repress african americans in the same manner that jim crow laws once did.
- Analyzes how cohen has demonstrated how the ongoing war on drugs has deep roots in the insidious legacies of jim crow. alexander has presented compelling examples of the contemporary war on drugs, masked in race-neutral language.
1505 wordsRead More - Examples Of Racial Disparity In The Criminal Justice Systemanalytical essayYears after the United States civil rights movement, the removal of formal segregation laws, and implementation of anti-racist policies, the American criminal justice system still fails to display the same reform. As one of the largest superpowers and industrialized nations in the world, the United States has not attained a “post-racial status,” defined as being a society in which race, although it remains a concept, does not influence individuals. The failure of the United States to attain “post-racial status” is exemplified in the criminal justice system by overwhelming evidence of disproportionate levels of crime, arrests, and incarceration that primarily affect minority populations. Past and present patterns of American society dealing with crime and the people involved committing crime show extreme racial disparity in terms of individuals’ predisposed environments that increase ones likelihood of being involved in the criminal justice system, the system itself that processes individuals, the encouragement of mass incarceration by mainstream society, and the effects these processes have on society.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the united states has not attained a "post-racial status," which is exemplified by disproportionate levels of crime, arrests, and incarceration that affect minority populations.
- Explains the social disorganization theory, a theory devised by criminologists of the chicago school, which provides an explanation of why geographically urban areas in the us are breeding grounds for crime.
- Analyzes how the "get tough on crime" movement exemplifies a political and criminal justice movement that primarily targets low-income and minority populations.
- Explains that the united states has not attained a "post-racial status," which is exemplified by disproportionate levels of crime, arrests, and incarceration that affect minority populations.
- Explains the social disorganization theory, a theory devised by criminologists of the chicago school, which provides an explanation of why geographically urban areas in the us are breeding grounds for crime.
- Analyzes how the "get tough on crime" movement exemplifies a political and criminal justice movement that primarily targets low-income and minority populations.
- Analyzes how racial biases are perpetuated by police subculture and informal procedures of police organization.
- Opines that prior protection should be put in place to prevent further damage to families and society. blacks and latinos experience crime and violent victimization at far higher rates than whites.
- Opines that america has yet to change its policies to equalize its citizens role in the criminal justice system. predisposed disadvantages expose minorities to geographic targeting, police brutality, disproportionate incarceration and sentencing rates.
1236 wordsRead More - Discrimination in the United States Todayanalytical essayIncarceration in the nation as gone up 500% since the 1970s a total of about 2.2 million are behind bars. With the increase rates of incarceration an increasing amount of uneven racial discrimination is at high rates for African American and Hispanic males. According to Mauer & King (2007) “The African ...
In this essay, the author
- Opines that discrimination in the justice system is a topic of controversy in society today, but subjective input explains why minority males are being incarcerated more than whites.
- Explains that african american and hispanic males are being incarcerated at higher rates for robbery, drug offenses, murder, and nonnegligent manslaughter.
- Explains that minorities are being sentenced to jail for harsher punishment more than whites in the united states. young white males between 18-29 were 38% less likely to be sentences to prison than black men.
- Opines that discrimination in the justice system is a topic of controversy in society today, but subjective input explains why minority males are being incarcerated more than whites.
- Explains that african american and hispanic males are being incarcerated at higher rates for robbery, drug offenses, murder, and nonnegligent manslaughter.
- Explains that minorities are being sentenced to jail for harsher punishment more than whites in the united states. young white males between 18-29 were 38% less likely to be sentences to prison than black men.
- Explains that race and economic class are disadvantages that many minority males live in urban areas that are succumbed to better chances of being incarcerated. having low income hurts young hispanics and african american men when it comes to going to court.
- Argues that race is a factor in the disparity of the justice system process. police have been racially profiling minorities for years, but this is not true.
- Analyzes how the wars on drugs have led to a substantial rise in the number of people serving or awaiting trial for drug offences. the evidence shows that african americans are being discriminated against compared to whites.
- Argues that as the united states becomes a more diverse country, judges, lawyers, and lawmakers are underrepresented compared to white and hispanic men.
- Reports that most us federal court judges still white men, but demographics changing: report.
- Argues that racial discrimination and disparities in the justice system make the u.s. look weak.
2044 wordsRead More - Mass Incarceration as a Modern Racial Caste Systemanalytical essayIn the wake of President Obama’s election, the United States seems to be progressing towards a post-racial society. However, the rates of mass incarceration of black males in America deem this to be otherwise. Understanding mass incarceration as a modern racial caste system will reveal the role of the criminal justice system in creating and perpetuating racial hierarchy America. The history of social control in the United States dates back to the first racial caste systems: slavery and the Jim Crow Laws. Although these caste systems were outlawed by the 13th amendment and Civil Rights Act respectively, they are given new life and tailored to the needs of the time.In other words, racial caste in America has not ended but has merely been redesigned in the shape of mass incarceration. Once again, the fact that more than half of the young black men in many large American cities are under the control of the criminal justice system show evidence of a new racial caste system at work. The structure of the criminal justice system brings a disproportionate number of young black males into prisons, relegating them to a permanent second-class status, and ensuring there chances of freedom are slim. Even when minorities are released from prisons, they are discriminated against and most usually end up back in prisons . The role of race in criminal justice system is set up to discriminate, arrest, and imprison a mass number of minority men. From stopping, searching, and arresting, to plea bargaining and sentencing it is apparent that in every phases of the criminal justice system race plays a huge factor. Race and structure of Criminal Justice System, also, inhibit the integration of ex offenders into society and instead of freedom, relea...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes the role of race in the criminal justice system in creating and perpetuating racial hierarchy america.
- Argues that mass incarceration is an institutionalized inequality that has renewed race and class disadvantage.
- Analyzes the trend of the criminal justice system focusing on localized communities in which law enforcement is concentrate.
- Analyzes the role of race in the criminal justice system in creating and perpetuating racial hierarchy america.
- Argues that mass incarceration is an institutionalized inequality that has renewed race and class disadvantage.
- Analyzes the trend of the criminal justice system focusing on localized communities in which law enforcement is concentrate.
- Analyzes how mass incarceration creates a demonized perception of african americans and people of color. the injustice of the legal system denies legal representation for those who cant afford.
- Argues that understading the structure of mass incarceration as a modern racial caste system will reveal the role of the criminal justice stem in creating and perpetuating racism.
- Analyzes how racial disparities have varied over the past century. in 1980, 1 in 10 young african american men dropped out of high school were incarcerated.
- Argues that the high rates of imprisonment among poor men reflect the effects of mass incarceration on the microlevel as well as the outcome of law enforcement focusing on socioeconomic disadvantages in urban communities.
- Explains loeffler, charles, and robert j. sampson. why mass incarceration matters: rethinking crisis, decline, & transformation in postwar american history.
1886 wordsRead More - Racism in Michelle Alexander´s The New Jim Crowopinion essayIn this book The New Jim Crow Michelle Alexander gives a look at history racism of African-Americans in relations to slavery and brings us to into modern day racism. Not racism as a form of calling people names or by the means of segregation which would be considered overt racism condemned by society but by colorblindness and by a racial caste system. Alexander argues African-Americans are being discriminated against in the form of mass incarceration. “Mass incarceration refers not only to the criminal justice system but also to the larger web of laws, rules, polices, and customs that control those labeled criminals both in and out of prison” (Alexander 2012, pg 14). Upon reading The New Jim Crow I believe African – Americans continue to be discriminated against in silent ways that are deemed acceptable by society and the criminal justice system.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that most offenders don't get the proper legal representation once they are arrested, and that the discrimination of the prison label is played for all to see.
- Opines that the new jim crow has opened up their eyes in a new way. it has angered them by the mere thought of the government condoning this behavior even though they condemn racism.
- Opines that it is difficult to see society issues when we are only concerned about ourselves and the fact that people are happy drug dealers are off the streets.
- Opines that most offenders don't get the proper legal representation once they are arrested, and that the discrimination of the prison label is played for all to see.
- Opines that the new jim crow has opened up their eyes in a new way. it has angered them by the mere thought of the government condoning this behavior even though they condemn racism.
- Opines that it is difficult to see society issues when we are only concerned about ourselves and the fact that people are happy drug dealers are off the streets.
- Analyzes how michelle alexander argues african-americans are being discriminated against in the form of mass incarceration.
- Analyzes how the war on drugs was continued in the regan administration and followed by cash incentives for the police to get "numbers".
862 wordsRead More - Today, more African American adults are under correctional control than were enslaved in 1850, a decade before the Civil War began (Alexander 180). Throughout history, there have been multiple racial caste systems in the United States. In her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander defines a “racial caste” as “a racial group locked into an inferior position by law and custom” (12). Alexander argues that both Jim Crow and slavery functioned as racial caste systems, and that our current system of mass incarceration functions as a similar caste system, which she labels “The New Jim Crow”. There is now a silent Jim Crow in our nation. Mass incarceration today serves the same function as did slavery before the Civil War and Jim Crow laws after the Civil War - to uphold a racial caste system.
In this essay, the author
- Compares the discrimination in which those under the control of the criminal justice system face to those slaves and blacks in the jim crow era.
- Argues that the current racial caste system is hidden behind the notion of a colorblind criminal justice system.
- Opines that the criminal justice system cannot continue to function as a racial caste system hidden in colorblind society.
- Compares the discrimination in which those under the control of the criminal justice system face to those slaves and blacks in the jim crow era.
- Argues that the current racial caste system is hidden behind the notion of a colorblind criminal justice system.
- Opines that the criminal justice system cannot continue to function as a racial caste system hidden in colorblind society.
- Analyzes how michelle alexander and dr. martin luther king, jr. are discussing different racial caste systems in their work.
- Quotes dr. king's words: "let us all hope that the dark clouds of racial prejudice will soon pass away and the deep fog will be lifted from our fear drenched communities."
- Analyzes michelle alexander's book the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness.
- Explains that mass incarceration is a new racial caste system in the age of colorblindness.
2147 wordsRead More - Criminalization at School: Zero-Tolerance Discipline Policies Might Be Damaging to Studentsanalytical essayAlexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New
In this essay, the author
- Argues for attention to the school-to-prison pipeline problem and the consequences our society will pay if we ignore it.
- Analyzes the circumstances and policies contributing to the school-to-prison pipeline: failing public schools, inadequate resources, unnecessarily harsh punishments, high-stakes testing, and disciplinary alternative education programs.
- Opines that addressing the school-to-prison pipeline requires focusing on where it begins: a neglected and under-resourced public education system.
- Argues for attention to the school-to-prison pipeline problem and the consequences our society will pay if we ignore it.
- Analyzes the circumstances and policies contributing to the school-to-prison pipeline: failing public schools, inadequate resources, unnecessarily harsh punishments, high-stakes testing, and disciplinary alternative education programs.
- Opines that addressing the school-to-prison pipeline requires focusing on where it begins: a neglected and under-resourced public education system.
- Argues that high-stake testing creates perverse incentives for schools to remove students from school. current education policies such as no child left behind and test-based regimes encourage school to funnel out students who are likely to drag down a school’s test scores.
- Argues that school discipline policies have been dominated by the philosophy of zero-tolerance, which mandates harsh predetermined consequences regardless of the gravity of behavior and mitigating circumstances.
- Analyzes how the disproportionate discipline of students of color continues to be a concern. the high suspension and expulsion rates and the political influence of penal populism allow neoliberals and conservatives alike to justify increased prison spending and policing of schools.
- Argues that lack of resources, incentives to push out low-performing students under test-based accountability, and zero tolerance policies are major feeders to the school-to-prison pipeline.
- Cites aclu, fairtest, juvenile law center, and naacplegal defense and educational fund.
- Cites ewing, c. p., and fordham university (2003), sensible zero tolerance protects students.
1298 wordsRead More - The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexanderanalytical essayAs Elie Wiesel once stated, “I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented” (“Elie Wiesel Quote”). Michelle Alexander’s book The New Jim Crow, which discusses criminal justice and its role in mass incarceration, promotes a similar idea regarding silence when America’s racial caste system needs to be ended; however, Alexander promotes times when silence would actually be better for “the tormented.” The role of silence and lack of silence in the criminal justice system both contribute to wrongly accused individuals and growing populations behind bars.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how elie wiesel swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endured suffering and humiliation. michelle alexander's book, the new jim crow, promotes silence when america’s racial caste system needs to end.
- Explains that silence or lack of silence occurs at the first presence of the criminal justice system: the initial meeting with a police officer.
- Analyzes how the drug enforcement agency trains police to conduct utterly unreasonable and discriminatory stops and searches.
- Analyzes how elie wiesel swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endured suffering and humiliation. michelle alexander's book, the new jim crow, promotes silence when america’s racial caste system needs to end.
- Explains that silence or lack of silence occurs at the first presence of the criminal justice system: the initial meeting with a police officer.
- Analyzes how the drug enforcement agency trains police to conduct utterly unreasonable and discriminatory stops and searches.
- Explains that silence isn't always the best solution to a situation, but it's golden when the other option is snitching.
- Analyzes how alexander presents ex-offenders as "pariahs" of society, not having a say in anything, essentially silent to the mainstream society once they are released from prison.
- Analyzes how silence extends into the convicted person's family and community life after release from prison. the silence is devastating to those suffering from the by-products of imprisoned family members.
- Concludes that the need for silence and the breaking of silence inside and outside the walls of prison contribute to the growing rates of incarceration.
- Explains michelle alexander's book the new jim crow: mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness.
- Cites king, martin l., jr.'s "letter from birmingham jail" and santos, michael g.
1330 wordsRead More - Racialized Mass Incarceration in Americaexplanatory essayIn the United States, the rate of incarceration has increased shockingly over the past few years. In 2008, it was said that one in 100 U.S. adults were behind bars, meaning more than 2.3 million people. Even more surprising than this high rate is the fact that African Americans have been disproportionately incarcerated, especially low-income and lowly educated blacks. This is racialized mass incarceration. There are a few reasons why racialized mass incarceration occurs and how it negatively affects poor black communities.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that racialized mass incarceration affects poor black communities, especially low-income and lowly educated blacks.
- Explains that blacks are overly portrayed in jails and prisons. bobo and thompson stated that in 1954, 98,000 african americans were in prison or prison; by 2002, there was an increase of 900%.
- Explains that african americans are discriminated against by the legal system because of inequitable protection and unequal enforcement.
- Explains that racialized mass incarceration affects poor black communities, especially low-income and lowly educated blacks.
- Explains that blacks are overly portrayed in jails and prisons. bobo and thompson stated that in 1954, 98,000 african americans were in prison or prison; by 2002, there was an increase of 900%.
- Explains that african americans are discriminated against by the legal system because of inequitable protection and unequal enforcement.
- Explains that racialized mass incarceration takes place because of the high rates of poverty and unemployment for inner city african americans, especially those with low-education and low skill levels.
- Explains that the war on drugs is concentrated on cocaine and even more so on crack cocaine. crack cocaine is sold more in urban, public, black environments where it is more susceptible for police to monitor drug trafficking.
- Explains that imprisoning a large number of people has had detrimental effects in black communities. social networks are harmed because fathers, brothers, and uncles are taken away from supportive family and community.
- Explains that racialized mass incarceration is when a specific race is more than others. the effects are detrimental to the community by taking away key members and destroying social norms
622 wordsRead More - Analysis of the New Jim Crow by Professor Michelle Alexanderanalytical essayAlexander attempts to show by means of cultural and historical review, political decisions, enactment of legislation and statistical evidence from the time of the old Jim Crow laws, the retarded advancement of civil rights of young black men, and their mass incarceration. This occurrence produces a false reality and perpetuates the history of racial discrimination that exists today in America through a "caste system" by legal framework that disguising itself as the "War on Drugs." The practice of mass incarceration labels and demonizes those persons to the point that they lose their rights to vote, limits employment, are denied housing and educatio...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that professor michelle alexander, author of the new jim crow, writes that a racial caste system exists in america that reflect the laws that were "separate but equal" from the time of the civil war until the passage of civil rights acts.
- Analyzes how alexander attempts to show by means of cultural and historical review, political decisions, enactment of legislation and statistical evidence from the time of the old jim crow laws, the retarded advancement of civil rights of young black men, and their mass incarceration
- Analyzes how alexander's argues that racial discrimination by mass incarceration of young blacks, institutionalized control, and labeling criminals as deviants justify societal neutralization in order to discriminate as to race.
- Explains that professor michelle alexander, author of the new jim crow, writes that a racial caste system exists in america that reflect the laws that were "separate but equal" from the time of the civil war until the passage of civil rights acts.
- Analyzes how alexander attempts to show by means of cultural and historical review, political decisions, enactment of legislation and statistical evidence from the time of the old jim crow laws, the retarded advancement of civil rights of young black men, and their mass incarceration
- Analyzes how alexander's argues that racial discrimination by mass incarceration of young blacks, institutionalized control, and labeling criminals as deviants justify societal neutralization in order to discriminate as to race.
- Analyzes how alexander's "lockdown" argues the phenomenon of mass incarceration with government support, through political pandering, to incentive by grants and statutory means, enabling police agencies to arrest persons under the guise of the "war on drugs."
- Analyzes how media characterization and sensationalization of the number of blacks that are arrested and incarcerated without balancing the fact that whites are more likely to use and distribute drugs.
- Analyzes how the final chapter of the new jim crow reviews the black community's response to racism. the "war on drugs" procreates poverty, joblessness, family breakdown, and crime.
761 wordsRead More - Mass Incarceration Research Paperanalytical essayMichelle Alexander calls the contemporary moment of mass incarceration “the new racial equilibrium.” According to Alexander, “More African American adults are under correctional control today—in prison or jail, on probation or parole—than were enslaved in 1850, a decade before the Civil War began.” Making up only 5 percent of the global population, the United States imprisons 25 percent of the world’s inmates. Modern histories of state violence, including police brutality and the mass incarceration of Black people, have not only significantly impacted the lives of African Americans, but also have informed the contemporary Movement for Black Lives.
In this essay, the author
- Explains michelle alexander calls the contemporary moment of mass incarceration "the new racial equilibrium." the united states imprisons 25 percent of the world's inmates.
- Analyzes how the system of mass incarceration allows the state to control the black population through legalized discrimination, political disenfranchisement, and de facto segregation.
- Argues that police brutality is oppressive and traumatic for the victims and their families. while the police are directly enacting mass incarceration and actively commit crimes, they rarely face prosecution.
- Explains michelle alexander calls the contemporary moment of mass incarceration "the new racial equilibrium." the united states imprisons 25 percent of the world's inmates.
- Analyzes how the system of mass incarceration allows the state to control the black population through legalized discrimination, political disenfranchisement, and de facto segregation.
- Argues that police brutality is oppressive and traumatic for the victims and their families. while the police are directly enacting mass incarceration and actively commit crimes, they rarely face prosecution.
- Analyzes how the constant barrage of information and images representing anti-black state violence have significant impacts on african americans.
- Explains that the hashtag #blacklivesmatter was created by alicia garza, opal tometi, and patrisse cullors in response to the acquittal of george zimmerman
940 wordsRead More - Summary Of Forman's Critique Of The Jim Crow Analogyanalytical essay“Show a people as one thing, as only one thing, over and over again and that’s what they become” (Adichie, 2014). Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie warns that if we hear only a single story about another person or country, we risk a critical misunderstanding. Forman’s critique of the Jim Crow Analogy appropriately depicts the danger of a single story. While I agree with most of Michelle Alexander’s submission regarding mass incarceration, reading Forman’s critiques about Jim Crow analogy provided a wider horizon and a far more realistic potential at stopping the incalculable damage mass incarceration has inflicted on the US community. I found the following Forman’s critiques as his strongest and most valid arguments:
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how forman's critique of the jim crow analogy accurately depicts the danger of a single story.
- Opines that debating the evil of mass incarceration cannot be done at the expense of many victims of violent crime whose blood cry for vengeance.
- Argues that while the critics of war on drugs are compelling, it cannot be the basis for the appalling us mass incarceration rate.
- Analyzes how forman's critique of the jim crow analogy accurately depicts the danger of a single story.
- Opines that debating the evil of mass incarceration cannot be done at the expense of many victims of violent crime whose blood cry for vengeance.
- Argues that while the critics of war on drugs are compelling, it cannot be the basis for the appalling us mass incarceration rate.
- Argues that if the protest against mass incarceration must be won squarely, we cannot afford to see other racial group victims as a mere ‘collateral damage’.
479 wordsRead More