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Photosynthesis and Respiration Quizlet
Compare photosynthesis and respiration as they occur in organisms
Biology chapter photosynthesis
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Plant development is the process of how a plant grows from a seedling to a full grow plant. It how structures start and mature and how plants produce new tissues and structures through their life. This happens through the process of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration and more. Plants (as well as animals) provide themselves with power using C6H12O6 (glucose), six O2 (oxygen) molecules, six CO2 (carbon dioxide) molecules, six H2O (water) molecules and a little bit of energy. Before it can be turned into usable energy though it has to be turned into a storable energy called ATP or Adenosine triphosphate. ATP is often referred to as the “currency of biological energy”. Saying, in order to be put to use it has to be in ATP form just like a gold nugget would have to be turned into American currency for us to be able to …show more content…
To be turned into ATP glucose has to be put through 3 different stages Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis is the first stage and because oxygen is not needed at this stage it is an anaerobic process. During Glycolysis as in the words of CrashCourse is like saying “in order to make some money you have to spend some”. During the process, 2 ATPs must be used to work but in the end, 4 more ATPs are made. Glycolysis also makes 2 pyruvates and two NADH.
The Citric Acid cycle also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the Electron transport chain are the second and third stages and they both use oxygen making them aerobic processes. During the Krebs cycle Pyruvate molecules from glycolysis are made into another type of molecule called Acetyl-CoA in a process known
In the light independent stage of photosynthesis ATP is again used to break down a molecule. In the Calvin cycle after glycerate 3-phosphate is reduced, then ATP breaks down and loses a phosphate group (becoming ADP). The phosphate group is then gained by the glycerate 3-phosphate molecule and it becomes triose phosphate. ATP is then used furthermore in product synthesis (anabolism) this is where energy is required to convert the triose phosphate into more complex molecules such as amino acids or lipids.
The conversion of pyruvate to lactate is done without the release of CO₂ and by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.
This chemical is used to catch the light energy needed in photosynthesis. They take carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing. The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis.
However, in anaerobic respiration (glycolysis and fermentation) only two (2) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be obtained. Now, for photosynthesis it is actually a carbon-fixation which is 3CO2+9ATP+6NADPH+H2O--- glyceraldehyde3phosphate+8Pi+9ADP+6NADP which turns out to just be eight-teen (18) ATP per glucose molecules in
When the aerobic organisms in the body consume all the oxygen present, anaerobic organisms from the digestive system begin to multiply. They consume macromolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) and form acids and gases in the p...
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are important in the cycle of energy to withstand life as we define it. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis have several stages in where the making of energy occurs, and have diverse relationships with organelles within the eukaryotic cell. These processes are central in how life has evolved.
Aerobic requires oxygen and takes place inside the mitochondria of iving cells. The energy is stored as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Aerobic respiration produces 2890KJ/Mole or 38ATP. This is much more than anaerobic. The
They are the same reactions, but occur in reverse. In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water yield glucose and oxygen respiration, process glucose and oxygen yield carbon dioxide and water, catabolic pathway process which requires or contains molecular oxygen for the production of adenosine triphosphate. This three step aerobic respiration cycle occurs in the cytoplasm and in the organelles called mitochondria. Within this process, cells break down oxygen and glucose in a storable form called adenosine triphosphate or ATP. This cellular respiration or sometimes called an exothermic reaction is similar to a combustion type reaction whereby the cell releases energy in the form heat but at a much slower rate within a living cell.
Photosynthesis is a process in plants that converts light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in bonds of sugar. The process occurs in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place in green leaves. Glucose is made from the raw materials, carbon dioxide, water, light energy and oxygen is given off as a waste product. In these light-dependent reactions, energy is used to split electrons from suitable substances such as water, producing oxygen. In plants, sugars are produced by a later sequence of light-independent reactions called th...
Although not shown in the fermentation reaction, numerous other end products are formed during the course of fermentation Simple Sugar → Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide C6 H12 O6 → 2C H3 CH2 OH + 2CO2 The basic respiration reaction is shown below. The differences between an-aerobic fermentation and aerobic respiration can be seen in the end products. Under aerobic conditions, yeasts convert sugars to
Photosynthesis is a process in which plants and other organisms convert the light energy from the sun or any other source into chemical energy that can be released to fuel an organism’s activities. During this reaction, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in leaf cells which contain chloroplasts and the reaction requires light energy from the sun, which is absorbed by a green substance called chlorophyll. The plants absorb the water through their roots from the earth and carbon dioxide through their leaves.
Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which fuel molecules are broken down to create pyruvate and ATP molecules (Alberts, 1998). Both pyruvate and ATP are major energy sources used by the cell to do a variety of things. For example, ATP is used in cell division to divide the chromosomes (Alberts, 1998).
Without plants, none of this energy could be produced and the herbivores that humans consume would not exist. The cells in plants also undergo cellular respiration, which creates the byproduct oxygen.
Photosynthesis is a cycle plants go through converting light into chemical energy for use later. Photosynthesis starts in the chloroplasts, they capture chlorophyll, an important chemical needed for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also take water, carbon dioxide, oxygen and glucose. The chlorophyll is taken to the stroma, where carbon dioxide and water mix together to make
In the liver and muscles, glycogen is produced from glucose by glycogenesis. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles glucose levels are low. When blood glucose levels are low, epinephrine and glucagon are secreted stimulating the conversion of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis). If there is an immediate need for energy upon glucose entering the cell, then glycoysis usually takes place. The end products of glycolysis are pyruvic acid and ATP. Since glycolysis releases small amounts ATP, further reactions continue to convert pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA and then citric acid in the citric acid cycle. The majority of the ATP is made from oxidations in the citric acid cycle in connection with the electron transport chain (3). This is how normal glucose metabolism takes place (figure-1).