Thesis William Penn, in converting a personal belief in religious freedom into the basis for governing a colony and in time for the nation, proved that religious diversity was beneficial not detrimental to faiths, colonies, and countries. Background Penn voluntarily converted from Anglicanism to Quakerism at the ripe age of 22. His father being a highly decorated and wealthy English Admiral, Penn left behind when he became a Quaker and was punished with stints in prison multiple times for his beliefs. Having been a member of both the Anglican Church and the Society of Friends, Penn experienced the majority and repressed religious groups of his country. This duality of experience inspired a belief in freedom of conscience and the futility …show more content…
In his “Address to Protestants,” Penn poses a theoretical argument about the impossible task of restraining true religious belief, stating, “It is not in the Power of any Man or Men in the World, to sway or compel the Mind in Matters of Worship to God.” In a better-known writing, “The Great Case of Liberty of Conscience,” which was written by Penn in Ireland 1670, he argues man should not be “so ignorant as to think it is within the reach of human Power to fetter conscience, or to restrain its …show more content…
The next year, he crossed the Atlantic and framed the government for Pennsylvania, in which he applied his doctrine of religious freedom. He intended it to be a holy experiment, a model that could be applied to nations around the world. The Frame of Government stated that everyone who believed in God and did not disturb the peace would “in no ways, be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion, or practice, in matters of faith and worship, nor shall they be compelled, at any time, to frequent or maintain any religious worship, place or ministry whatever.” The focus for Penn was to guarantee the people of Pennsylvania the right worship God in whatever manner each individual felt was most fitting. Religious freedom in Pennsylvania could best be described by the word tolerance. This word describes the liberal attitudes held by members of other religious groups and an acceptance of an inherent right to hold differing beliefs. Religious diversity in the new colony was not an obstacle to overcome but an essential facet of society. Even with this inclusive attitude toward differing beliefs, many provincial Pennsylvanians continued to indentify and distinguish themselves upon religious lines. This religious categorization continued in the majority throughout the colonial
Unlike Winthrop who called for shared cooperation, Penn upheld liberty of conscience and affirmed that no entity has the authority to rule over one’s consciousness. Specifically writing the law, “That, in all courts all persons of all persuasions may freely appear in their own way, and according to their own manners and there personally plead their own cause themselves” (Frame of Government of Pennsylvania). Certainly, he understood the individual’s right to his own thinking, even going as far as entrusting them to advocate for themselves in the court of law. Further, religious liberty also took root in
Men who “would not live comfortable to the holy law within, should fall under the reproof and correction of the just law without, in a judicial administration.” William Penn therefore was convinced that men should be ruled by a righteous and god-fearing
Religion was a key component to the construction of the early American colonial society. It shaped the beliefs and actions of the settlers within the society in many ways. Originally, the newcomers settling on North American land had main motives of owning their own land, increasing their country’s empire and gaining personal profit. Alongside those motives came the sheer desire to spread their religion with whom they encountered in the new land of opportunity. As stated, settlers set out to convert others towards Christianity because they believed freedom was found in worshiping God. Socially, if a person identified as a Christian they automatically were placed higher on the hierarchy. In the same respect, religion and politics at this time were delicately intertwined. Being Christian also meant the government heavily favored you and your peoples since you were to be considered influential in society. In the Maryland Act Concerning Religion (1644), John Winthrop’s Speech to the Massachusetts General Court (1645), the Trial of Anne Hutchinson (1637) and Roger Williams Letter to the Town of Providence (1655) one can notice the striking role religion plays both socially and
Washington clearly and strongly asserts that the aspects of religion and morality were important not only for happiness of the people and the county, but also were vital in supporting political growth and well-being for the nation. Accordingly, Washington proclaims, “of all the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity, religion and morality are indispensible supports” (Washington, 1796). Washington contends that religious principle is crucial to operating the government on the grounds that it affects all that are “foundations of justice” (Washington, 1796).
Government itself was based on religion in the colonies and promoted by the ministers. Ministers or preachers controlled people’s emotions and influenced what the colonists believed by stating that it was God’s purpose for them to “play a role in God’s providential plan for redemption of mankind.” After 1742, many colonists were convinced that not only were they part of God’s plan, but that the colonists could not fully do God’s purpose if they were connected with Parliament because they were not godly or
In Ben Franklin’s essay Queries on a Pennsylvania Militia he asks the question “Whether from the Purity of our Lives and the Sanctity of our Manners, we have any more Reason to expect the immediate Protection of Heaven than the rest of our Neighbors?” (Franklin 224). The Quakers would most likely answer yes we do. They believe that God will save the colony of Pennsylvania. They have stated that God “for the sake of ten righteous Persons would have spared even the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah,” (Kinsey, a). I believe we can safely assume that Franklin did not see it that way and because of this we can see the differing stances of these two groups of people. The Quakers believed religion would save them, while Franklin took a more pragmatic approach, believing that God would not come down from the heavens and spare Pennsylvania for the sake of ten righteous souls. We see a very different world view in these two answers and also part of the conflict that eventually leads to the Quakers withdrawal from the public arena. This conflict is the Quaker’s desire for a passive government, following the guidelines ...
Prior to Enlightenment the colonists, like the Europeans, were guided by their fear of God and rulers. They followed their church’s teachings blindly, as many of them could not read the scripture themselves. As the colonists began to educate themselves, they found that their interpretation of the readings did not always match what was preached to them in Sunday’s sermon. Even with the vamped up services and revivals during the Awakening many continued to question organized religion and separate from the Catholic Church. Many smaller denominations resulted from these breaks caused by the Awakening, leading to the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther even wrote entire doctrines based on his differences of opinion which would eventually form the basis for the Lutheran Church. The colonists also questioned the authority of their European rulers. Many believed that God himself had put their rulers in charge, but with all the political disasters and condemnation they were seeing they began to question their...
...laws were unfair and should be more reasonable as well as democratic. He thought that it should be fair for all and there is a need of liberty, religion and justice (Doc N). Later on, religious toleration flourished among the colonies. This was a very important change because religious toleration was an important step towards democracy.
Religion was the foundation of the early Colonial American Puritan writings. Many of the early settlements were comprised of men and women who fled Europe in the face of persecution to come to a new land and worship according to their own will. Their beliefs were stalwartly rooted in the fact that God should be involved with all facets of their lives and constantly worshiped. These Puritans writings focused on their religious foundations related to their exodus from Europe and religions role in their life on the new continent. Their literature helped to proselytize the message of God and focused on hard work and strict adherence to religious principles, thus avoiding eternal damnation. These main themes are evident in the writings of Jonathan Edwards, Cotton Mathers, and John Winthrop. This paper will explore the writings of these three men and how their religious views shaped their literary works, styles, and their historical and political views.
“Religion is the backbone of evolution.” Without the cultural differences and belief systems we would not have a regulated religious base. It is evident some religions can be both alike but yet still very different. The historical William Bradford and Jonathan Edwards demonstrate this theory. William Bradford portrays more leniencies while allowing for more religious tolerance within the puritan community. With some contrasting beliefs but familiar goals, Jonathan Edwards, pursued a stricter religious background. Both of these author’s play an important role in sculpting the puritan way of life.
William Penn was born in England and belonged to a wealthy family “possessed of wealth and status, which gave him almost immediate access to the halls of power in Restoration, England” (Moretta xii). I personally believe that the importance of status and wealth must have played a gigantic role in Penn’s life and his career. He lived a simple life and wanted the good of others, but knowing the status of your family would’ve generated something in his mind. He was a social individual and was liked by his peers until he was caught attending a Quakers meeting and arrested. His father left him homeless at the age of twenty-two and he started residing with the Quakers. He had to struggle in his early twenties but as they say; “with no struggle there is no inspiration.” He knew the consequences of attending the meetings but the interest kept him going. I believe this is when Penn realized the important things in his life and started to prioritize things that meant something to him.
The strongest phrase in Thomas Jefferson’s 1802 letter, “…or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,…” goes to the heart of American strength. It provides the foundation upon which this nation’s strength and resolve is built. It is the groundwork laid to allow American citizens to be who they are without government interference and that freedom allows the citizens to learn and grow from each other, building the foundation with the strength of cultural and religious diversity. America was built on this foundation and it is instilled in the heart of every proud American citizen. The content of this single letter and the resultant mirrored text within the United States Constitution has not only defined the way American society functions, but has lead to the growth of the country’s diversity and power in the world as a whole. The effect of separation of church and state in the United States evolved through hard won struggles and battles, resulting in great diversity among ...
...ter returning from a trip to England, however, Penn found that a Quaker had been embezzling money. After a brief argument and difficulty, the problem was settled.
A. “The Church in the Age of Enlightenment and Revolution”. Verbal Conscience. March 2012. Web. The Web.
Due to the fact that Pennsylvania was liberal, it helped it in politics, religion, and with ethnic ties. Pennsylvania had a representative assembly, voted by landowners. The colonists had freedom of worship and a "no tax-supported church". The rich mix of ethnic groups helped the colonists learn more about other cultures and also helped to bring forth new traditions. Therefore, liberation helped gain strength in the political, religious, and ethnic ties in Pennsylvania.