Global music piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic losses every year, 71,060 U.S. jobs lost, a loss of $2.7 billion in workers' earnings, and a loss of $422 million in tax revenues, $291 million in personal income tax and $131 million in lost corporate income and production taxes.(RIAA Web SIte FAQ) If this is the case, then why do so many people think it is okay to illegally download music or videos off of the internet? Music theft is a real, ongoing and evolving challenge and is effecting the music industry come each day. Bob Marley once stated, “One good thing about music, is that when it hits you, you feel no pain.” Unfortunately in today's society, there is a good deal of pain coming out of the music industry. The Music Industry is having trouble with keeping up with the change in society and the digital age. Today’s world has reached a point where music is so attainable, but what does that mean for producers and managers today? “The rapid emergence of new technologies has caused huge alterations in what was once a straightforward business model for success in the music industry, causing many industry leaders to take a second look at how to tackle their art form.” (Stafford 2010) Many producers and managers think there isn’t much more they can do to stop the piracy trend that is hurting their careers. Although there is no way to change what is happening in society and the way people are using new advancements in technology; there are things that can be done to diminish the problem of piracy. This guide will instruct all musicians and managers today about the background and knowledge needed to protect ones music as well as strategies for reducing music piracy and even how to use music piracy to ones advantage. There are ... ... middle of paper ... ...urpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; The nature of the copyrighted work; The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. (@WashULaw Blog) The lawsuit stated that: Napsters users were directly infringing the plaintiffs' copyrights, that Napster was liable for contributory infringement of the plaintiffs' copyrights, and that Napster was liable for vicarious infringement of the plaintiffs' copyrights. (timetoast) “Issues related to peer-to-peer file sharing were again litigated a few years later when a successor company to Napster, Grokster, was sued by MGM Studios in MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd., 545 U.S. 913 (2005). (@WashULaw Blog)
The different perceptions obtained from reading Perez-Stable and Patterson allow the reader to realize different realities of the Cuban Revolution. In conjunction with these two works, reading Guevara’s perception of the Revolution divulges information that one would only be acquainted with had they too taken part in the Revolution. The Program Manifesto of the 26th of July Movement along with Castro’s speech, "History Will Absolve Me", give accurate assessments of the reforms Castro wanted people to believe he would enforce through his policies. Because of his failure to comply with his promises for successful economic reform, one can conclude that although the actual Revolution was deemed successful, he did not actually achieve what he initially deemed possible to the Cuban people.
Shawn Fanning brought the first example of illegal downloading to us in the summer of 1999 (Abbott 2003). Fanning provided the public with downloadable tracks of music using a program known as Napster. At its prime, there were over 80 million registered users downloading from Napster (Lam 2001). Only 6 months after operation, the RIAA (the Recording Industry Association of America) filed a lawsuit against Shawn Fanning and Napster for $100,000 per each downloaded song. The legal problem with Napster was that downloaders were not paying the due royalties to the artist and producers. Napster and its contemporary, Audiogalaxy, were not exact forms of shareware, so the RIAA was able to sue them as companies. The people who were actually doing the downloading got off scotch-free with thousands of free downloaded music tracks. As a result of the case Napster was shut down. Today we are introduced to subsequent forms of downloading, like KaZaA,Bearshare, and limewire would create a whole new kind of trouble f...
The Internet has most publicly impacted Copyright legislation and thus this essay will focus on it specifically. Copyrights are ìoriginal works of authorship in any tangible medium of expression, Öfrom which the work can be perceived, reproduced or otherwise communicated, either directly or withÖ aidî (Bird, p.86). Not only has its existence and understanding been heightened by the general public, but violations against it have ìincreased on the Internet as far as its use and what is being used.î (Medieval Romance, p.1) ìNever before has it been so easy to violate a copyright ownerís exclusive right to copy.î (Bird, p.86) The Internet has increased piracy, it has changed legislation for both creators and infringers, it is been the precursor for harsher punishments to violators, and it has clouded jurisdiction principles.
Big time record companies and artist are losing billions of dollars due to people illegally downloading music files. The
These lessons were supposed to be the three main points in forming revolution (Childs 605). These lessons given by Che and the experiences from the Cuban Revolution would later be formalized into the foco theory. Che wrote that those lessons were, “1. Popular forces can win a war against the army. 2. It is not necessary to wait until all conditions for making revolution exist; the insurrection can create them. 3. In undeveloped America the countryside is the basic area for armed fighting.” (Guevara 1). The first lesson is rather straightforward in saying that guerilla can win against popular forces. In a way this statement simplifies things and does not account for other circumstances that are needed for a guerilla force to take on a popular army. The last two points are the most controversial because it went against traditional Marxism and because it discredited the urban class’ contribution to such a revolution (Childs
Teachout, Terry. “Copyright Protection That Serves to Destroy.” Wall Street Journal. 15 Mar. 2013: D.6. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
Following the December 10th, 1899 peace treaty between U.S. and Spain, the United States established a military government in formerly Spanish occupied Cuba. By 1905, 13,000 United States nationals owned 60% of Cuban rural properties as well as 90% of the tobacco export trade. With a near monopoly in the Cuban economy, Cubans quickly realized that any decisions made, regarding the future of their country, would be made by foreigners. The United States built Cuban schools, roads, telegraphs, and declared the right to intervene in domestic policies .The United States came to own about 75% of the Cuban economy and contributed to huge numbers of unemployment and poverty for a large part of the Cuban population .As one of Cuba’s biggest customers, the United States even owned plantations which only increased Cuba’s dependency to the U.S.. This system of exploitative capitalism brought immense prosperity to some and inequality to many. Politically, Cuba was home to one of the most corrupt governments in the world between 1920 and 1930. Flogencio Batista reigned for 25 years through puppet presidents while collecting earnings from gangsters, tourists, and gamblers. The rich elites were typically tied in one way or another with U.S. influence while the rest of the country struggled. They enjoyed luxuries such as U.S. cars and clothing. Cuba’s ruling class was made up of only very wealthy individuals who supported the country’s pattern of corruption to further their own agenda’s. Meanwhile, due to U.S. and other foreign demand and influence, the Cuban economy’s reliance on sugar exports created an unstable socio-economic structure where those at the top were typically foreign entrepreneurs. Cuban sovereignty did not exist during this time period as it lacked any sense of political and economic autonomy. Additionally, corrupt Cuban
Since its discovery and conquering in 1511-15 Cuba has, up until its alleged liberation in 1901 by the United States of America, remained oppressed under the rule of the Spanish empire. During this period the country has made attempts to secure its freedom and it is for this reason that Cuba acts as perfect example of a significant historical protest in its fight for independence against Spanish colonisation. When attempting to further understand the motives behind Cuba’s desire for liberation we must first determine the various oppressions imposed on the nation as a whole as well as the obstacles presented before it in the form of Spain and other neighbouring countries, such as the United States of America.
Fair use is somewhat a replication of copyrighted work completed for a restricted purpose, for example to leave a remark, duplicates a copyrighted work or, censure. These uses could be done without the copyright owner’s approval. Instead of breaking the copyright law, fair use is a defense. The four factors used to determine whether or not a use is fair are “(1) the intention and disposition of the use.- which is the determining factor which the courts rely on to make a decision as to whether the use is fair and what was the purpose. (2) The copyrighted features. – When the reproducer is sent to court they exam the types of material to see if it factual. (3) How much form was taken from the copywriter. – No one really knows how much to take from a copyright work because there is no manual. As an alternative courts evaluate the uses and their comparative to the work. (4) If market or income was taken away from the owner. – This is one of the utmost important factors in the court because the court will exam the affect of the market. (Crew 2).
According to the text A Gift of Fire, Napster “opened on the Web in 1999 as a service that allowed its users to copy songs in MP3 files from the hard disks of other users” (Baase, 2013, p. 192, Section 4.1.6 Sharing Music: The Napster Case). Napster was, however, “copying and distributing most of the songs they traded without authorization” (A Gift of Fire, Section 4.1.6 Sharing Music: The Napster Case). This unauthorized file sharing resulted in a lawsuit - “eighteen record companies sued for contributory infringement claiming that Napster users were blatantly infringing copyrights by digitally reproducing and distributing music without a license” (Communications Law: Liberties, Restraints and the Modern Media, 2011, p. 359).
This paper will compare and contrast two scenarios in reference to the application of the fair use doctrine. The analysis will carefully review the facts provided by the scenarios and apply the fair use guidelines to determine if the exceptions of the law support the use of the copyrighted materials. The two scenarios being analyzed are:
Physical piracy-the copying and illegal sale of hard-copy CDs, videotapes, and DVDs-costs the music industry over $4 billion a year worldwide and the movie industry more than $3.5 billion. These numbers do not factor in the growing (and difficult to measure) problem of Internet piracy, in which music and movies are transferred to digital format and copies are made of the resulting computer file. Journalist Charles C. Mann explains why Internet piracy has the potential to be vastly more damaging to copyright industr...
According to the RIAA, online piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic losses each year. With losing all that money they can not pay the employees to work. Because they have a low amount of employees, they can’t do as much work which cuts back on recruiting new artists. That is a big...
Music piracy is a developing problem that it affects the music industry in many different ways including being responsible for the unemployment of 750,000 workers, as well as a loss of $2,5 billion; therefore, I want to explore ‘To what extent has music piracy affected the music industry market in the United States over the last 10 years?’
At the dawn of the internet, many things such as books and text became obsolete, due to insufficient monitoring of internet activity and sites. Individuals were able to gain free access to books and publications that normally needed to be bought, or required a fee. This is something that has caused problems for booksellers and publishers. Now, as technology advances, it also begins the decline of music, software, and television industries—but something can be done before it’s too late. Illegal downloading is a problem that affects us all, either directly or indirectly. Many people do not take it too seriously. They have not realized that it is an epidemic; like a disease that keeps growing as people become more knowledgeable about computers and learn more about how software runs. People openly burn music CDs and download music and movies for friends who in turn give it to their friends; it’s a never-ending cycle on illegal practices. The problem started when Napster came out and should have ended when it was shutdown. Unfortunately, not enough has been done to stop the illegal transfer of files. It’s time someone takes full action and ends this detrimental offense.