Rebecca Makkai’s short story, “The Briefcase” embraces Hemingway’s self-described Iceberg Theory of writing. Bare and cold, “The Briefcase” is a story of omission; the structure deep beneath the surface of the printed word floating on a page. Makkai’s war time setting is like a treatise on life. The need to live find us drifting, grasping for self-definition. It matters who we are as individuals; to make sense of our lives. Makkai turns us upside down; our puffed up secure universe of self. War reveals our real self is only concerned about survival. Life is about surviving hard times. If you haven’t had hard times, keep living.
The success of “The Briefcase” is based on a reader’s ability to forego detailed description for the thrill
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Driven for food, clothing, shelter, Chef presses Professor T’s friends for money…and expresses concern for the wife… to keep money rolling into the mailbox. Filling his “empty days” with doodles and mind twisters, Chef occupies his time. While contemplating the nature of the universe where even the stars escape Earth. Bodily needs met, Chef can afford to dwell on the nature of the universe. He needs to expand his mind to cope; to make himself safe.
Base needs met, Chef moves to fulfill sexual needs without love; just an opportunity to pontificate to “get the girl”. A painting of an apple causes Chef to dwell on times past; a time before war. A time of friendship; not love. We do not need details. The apple peeling away is enough. It is a comfort to him. A simpler less complicated time where his life was his own. Art stimulates the mind.
“Girl” also stimulates the mind; and body. Important as it is to note the need for companionship and seek understanding, just a few short sentences sums up the relationship. The depth of the iceberg is not shown, but there is the human need for tactile satisfaction and talk. Communing with the
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On the run, Chef’s mental mantra becomes “running by standing still. Surviving without distinction or attraction of unwanted attention. The interior life is more of a comfort.
New tribulations threaten his survival. As the world of war sinks deeper into deprivation and economic loss for all of society; Chef loses, too. Loss of funds, “friends”, soldiers occupy the cafes. While checking the mailbox for letters and coins, the clerk of the post office has a package for Professor T; his beautiful woman in grey.
Chef is revealed as a poseur. The “woman” is one who will not accept Chef’s homemade theory of relativity ie if he wears the shirt of Professor he is keeping him alive. He bargains: ” The woman does not see how she is murdering her husband, right here in the post office lobby. He whispers to her: Let me go home with you. I’ll be a father to your son, and I’ll warm your bed, and I’ll keep you safe.” The offer is
... Nestle’s quote, Bittman makes his editorial plea to ethos, by proposing proof that a woman of reliable mental power of this issue come to an agreement with Bittman's thesis statement. Bittman also develops pathos in this article because he grabs a widely held matter that to many individuals is elaborate with: "...giving them the gift of appreciating the pleasures of nourishing one another and enjoying that nourishment together.” (Mark Bittman) Bittman gives the reader the actions to think about the last time they had a family dinner and further imposes how these family dinners are altogether important for family time. Therefore, Bittman did a magnificent job in pointing into the morals of his targeted audience and developing a critical point of view about fast food to his intended audience leaving them with a thought on less fast food and more home prepared meals.
Create-a-meal, no my friend, instead you are given the tools to create-a-setting. You are presented with brilliant horses and jubilant music, bright colors and beautiful scenery, a blissful introduction, indeed. Shockingly enough, in the second paragraph it is quickly taken away from you. A dagger penetrates your balloon image. You are told that the smiles and happiness of the city are not genuine. Ursula K.
Various narratives have been put after each other so that the reader can compare two characters to see the different impacts that society had on them. This Juxtaposition is used to confront the reader with the inhumanity of the views of some characters such as Sanders Senior, the placement of Cook straight after shows that contrary to Sanders seniors disgusting beliefs she is quite human and is dramatically effected by his beliefs, the societies beliefs.
Assadnassab, Sara. "Hemingway´s Depiction of Women in A Farewell to Arms.”. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1773/2005/117/LTU-CUPP-05117-SE.pdf (accessed April 17, 2013).
The complexity of the plot starts when the reader is introduced to a man lost in a cave and his source of light goes out and continues when the man realizes that “starving would prove [his] ultimate fate” (1). Readers get a sense of hopelessness the man is feeling, and this is where the tensions begins to build. Alt...
conveys feelings of suspense and thrill. There are many different literary criticisms that can be
...en he had a purpose. The waitress in Carver’s story picks up on the polite nature of the ‘fat man’ and wishes her significant other would be more like the ‘fat man’, instead of making fun of someone who treats her well. She realizes she had lost self respect and confidence that the ‘fat man’ exemplifies.
When a writer picks up their pen and paper, begins one of the most personal and cathartic experiences in their lives, and forms this creation, this seemingly incoherent sets of words and phrases that, read without any critical thinking, any form of analysis or reflexion, can be easily misconstrued as worthless or empty. When one reads an author’s work, in any shape or form, what floats off of the ink of the paper and implants itself in our minds is the author’s personality, their style. Reading any of the greats, many would be able to spot the minute details that separates each author from another; whether it be their use of dialogue, their complex descriptions, their syntax, or their tone. When reading an excerpt of Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast one could easily dissect the work, pick apart each significant moment from Hemingway’s life and analyze it in order to form their own idea of the author’s voice, of his identity. Ernest Hemingway’s writing immediately comes across as rather familiar in one sense. His vocabulary is not all that complicated, his layout is rather straightforward, and it is presented in a simplistic form. While he may meander into seemingly unnecessary detail, his work can be easily read. It is when one looks deeper into the work, examines the techniques Hemingway uses to create this comfortable aura surrounding his body of work, that one begins to lift much more complex thoughts and ideas. Hemingway’s tone is stark, unsympathetic, his details are precise and explored in depth, and he organizes his thoughts with clarity and focus. All of this is presented in A Moveable Feast with expertise every writer dreams to achieve. While Hemingway’s style may seem simplistic on the surface, what lies below is a layered...
These are not the only objects of importance the narrator stores in his beloved briefcase, but they are the most encompassing of his story. In the novel’s final chapter, when the narrator is trapped in the dark sewer and must burn the papers from his briefcase to see his way, everything goes. First his high school diploma, then the Sambo doll, followed by a threatening anonymous note. Everything he burns from the briefcase—the “important papers” the superintendent spoke of in Chapter one—is a symbol of the narrator’s plight as the forces pulling his strings run him around.
People’s lives are constantly changing, and the changes could be small or massive. I have chosen to explore the theme ‘My World has been Turned Upside Down.’ This theme is portrayed in the novel The Hunger Game, by Suzanne Collins; the short story The Sniper, by Liam O’Flaherty, an advertisement for State Insurance, shot by Nathan Price and the visual text Aliens directed by James Cameron. The texts The Hunger Game and The Sniper have the common connection of killing people and keeping themselves alive. In the texts The Aliens and The Hunger Game they are connected because the main characters both need to save loved people and take massive risks. As well as the similarities there are also contrasts among these texts. The difference between
Ernest Hemingway's WWI classic, A Farewell to Arms is a story of initiation in which the growth of the protagonist, Frederic Henry, is recounted. Frederic is initially a naïve and unreflective boy who cannot grasp the meaning of the war in which he is so dedicated, nor the significance of his lover's predictions about his future. He cannot place himself amidst the turmoil that surrounds him and therefore, is unable to fully justify a world of death and destruction. Ultimately, his distinction between his failed relationship with Catherine Barkley and the devastation of the war allows him to mature and arrive at the resolution that the only thing one can be sure of in the course of life is death and personal obliteration (Phelan 54).
Hemingway, Ernest. "Soldier's Home." The Bedford Introduction to Literature, 6th Edition. Ed. Michael Meyer. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's. 2002. 152-57.
In his final soliloquy, after learning that Remy cooked the fantastic meal he had just consumed, Ego, the food critic concludes that “In the past I have made no secret of my disdain for Chef Gusteau’s famous motto: ‘Anyone Can Cook’. But I realize only now do I truly understand what he meant. Not everyone can become a great artist, but a great artist can come from anywhere,” (Bird 114). Markedly, Ratatouilles portrays Ego as the embodiment of someone who advocates cultural exclusionism. He is infamous among the characters in the film for his specific definitions of what gourmet French cooking should be and his harsh criticism of those whose work does not meet his strict
Nagel, Gwen. “A Tessera For Frederic Henry: Imagery And Recurrence in A Farewell To Arms.” Ernest Hemingway Six Decades of Criticism. Ed. Michigan State Press : 1987. 187-193.
From an early age, Ernest Hemingway found himself obsessed with the subject of heroism. He looked up to his grandfather, who he saw as a hero, and sought to fulfill the war legacy left behind by joining the army. Hemingway was a participant in many wars, but one in particular shaped the rest of his life and his outlook on the world. It was during the end of World War I and Hemingway was serving the Italian army as an ambulance driver. During the battle at Fossalta di Piave, Hemingway circulated the trenches with chocolates, providing them to soldiers. Out of nowhere, an Austrian trench mortar shell exploded a few feet away from Hemingway, killing one man and wounding many others (Meyers, p.30). Hemingway was one of these wounded men. It was once said by Ted Brumback that Hemingway had acted heroically, for once he regained consciousness, he picked up a wounded man and carried him to the first aid dugout despite his own serious leg wounds (Meyers, p.30). Considered the turning point in his life, Hemingway had faced death but been called a “hero” as a result of it. Even though Hemingway’s obsession with heroism was still prevalent throughout his life, and this event on July 8, 1918, made its way into many of his novels, the heroes Hemingway wrote about never forsook glory or fortune. They were more concerned with the righting of wrongs and the longing of experience (Baker (2), p.129). In Hemingway’s novel, A Farewell to Arms, the protagonist Frederic Henry is more obviously a form of Hemingway, but also a prime example of the heroes Hemingway liked to write about. Even though Henry faced danger, pain, and death throughout this wartime novel, none of it was glorified. Despite his obsession with heroism in war, while writing the novel...