The novel addresses the themes of race relations, justice, the loss of innocence, and small town life. Tom Robinson and Boo Radley are viewed as mockingbird characters because they are subjected to suffering yet they are harmless and innocent.
In To Kill a Mockingbird there are a lot of symbolism and racism going on, but the subject that is going to be talked about today is how motifs connects to the theme of the novel. Harper lee uses motifs to support the theme of the novel.
Symbolism and Allegory in To Kill a Mockingbird
Harper Lee uses symbolism extensively throughout To Kill a Mockingbird,, and much of it refers to the problems of racism in the South during the early twentieth century. Harper Lee's effective use of racial symbolism and allegory can be seen by studying various examples from the book, namely the actions of the children, of the racist whites, and of Atticus Finch.
One of the more effective allegories in the novel is the building of a snowman by Jem and Scout. There was not enough snow to make a snowman entirely out of snow, so Jem made a foundation out of dirt and then covered it with what snow they had. If the snowman was made completely out of snow, Jem's action would not be so significant.
Harper Lee, the author of To Kill a Mockingbird, communicates a central idea that society has good and bad qualities by using an epigraphic symbol and dynamic characterization of the novel’s protagonist, Scout. The theme of To Kill a Mockingbird is that individuals affect society in both good and bad aspects. Lee demonstrates this idea by utilizing a mockingbird as the primary symbol of the novel and characterizing Scout to reveal and understand that both good and bad exist in the world. Scout learns that all a mockingbird does is good, it sings, but never does anything that people hate (Lee 90). In the novel, mockingbirds ...
Thus, Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson, and Arthur “Boo” Radley are all victims of rumour, humiliation, and prejudice. Firstly, Atticus is humiliated by his family and his neighbourhood because he has stood up to an African American man, and then, is nicknamed “nigger-lover” for his decision. By strong evidence, Tom Robinson is proven innocent of rapping a young white woman, but is still convicted, and then shot to death because he is black. Finally, Arthur Radley is greatly misunderstood because of his mysterious background and is forced to isolate from society to escape the awful and untruthful rumours about him in Maycomb. Through the storytelling of Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson, and Arthur “Boo” Radley, the reader understands how the mockingbird symbol is used to represent those who are innocent, and have good intentions at heart.
THE GREY AREA
“Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs, they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird” (90). Although the title of the novel has little literal connection to the actual storyline, it holds a huge amount of symbolic weight in this tale of innocents wounded by the evil surrounding them. The ‘mockingbird’ represents various characters in the novel that are harmed one way or another, particularly by the judgmental, prejudiced ways of the Maycomb townsfolk.
Mockingbirds represent Tom Robinson because people look down upon him because he is black. Mr.Ewell accused Tom Robinson of beating and raping Mayella Ewell, his oldest child. In the end, no one had any evidence, so it solely depended on each man’s word. Atticus Finch, Robinson’s lawyer and Scout and Jem’s father, found that the person who beat Mayella’s right eye would have to use their left hand. The jury found Robinson guilty even though he couldn’t have committed the crime because “his left arm was fully twelve inches shorter than his right, and hung dead at his side”(Lee 211). Later at the prison, guards shot him multiple times after ‘attempting to escape’. In addition to maintaining a full-time job and supporting his family, he had found time to help others in the community, white or black, for free. Despite helping The Ewells with chores, they didn’t return the kindness when Robinson needed it the most, ultimately killing him.
This relates back to my topic sentence because it shows courage for Atticus to walk away from Bob Ewell and handle his attack. In conclusion, Atticus is symbolizes justice. Atticus is honest, sincere, respected, courageous, and his morals are important to the story. Without him, Jem and Scout would of most likely grown up just as prejudiced as Maycomb County. In the story, the theme is innocence. All of the main characters can be identified as mockingbirds, innocent people who have been hurt or killed through contact with evil. At the end of the story the children are starting to figure out more about society than they knew before, more negative things like prejudice and hypocrisy. As scout and jem are settling down for bed, a thought crosses Jem’s mind. Jem comments “Scout... he wants to stay inside” (Lee ). This relates back to my topic sentence because Lee is trying to portray that Boo already knows of the horror of reality and that is why he does not want to come out, he does not want his innocence to be taken away. Another example would be when Tom Robinson tried to escape from jail. The text states, “Seventeen bulletholes in him, they didn’t have to
1. In Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird, there is not one single theme that dominates the entire story. Although racial prejudice and fanaticism may be its central topic, there are other underlying themes that shape the novel to be a well-known classic in American literature. Aside from prejudice, the themes of loss of innocence and needing to walk in another’s shoes are seen in the life of little girl, Jean Louis Finch “Scout.” Prejudice is seen in the many of the main characters such as Bob and Mayella Ewell, Mr. Cunningham, and Lula. However the themes of walking in another’s shoes and loss of innocence are mainly represented in the second part of the novel by Scout. As Scout grows and learns from her father Atticus Finch and her brother “Jem” Finch, one sees the underlying motifs become more prominent and by the end of the novel develop into major themes.
Symbols are an important attribute of the text, used to portray the extent of racism and the repercussions this has on the characters within the text. For much of the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, the mockingbird is an underlying symbol of innocence, which links directly to that of Tom Robinson, who despite Atticus’ best intentions, was ‘dead from the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed’. Tom was the greatest victim of racism and the ‘evil assumption’ that ‘all negroes lie’ and are ‘immoral’. Tom Robinson was a viable candidate for Bob Ewell’s lies, consequently, was a sitting target in the societies game of race. This idea is paralleled by the toilet, a recurring motif that highlights the social status of high ruling whites