Symbols In Beowulf

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Seamus Heaney, an author who translated Beowulf, uses symbolism to portray events that

occur in the poem. Symbolism is most commonly an object used to give a more significant

meaning to something else. However, in the event of human interaction, it can be a simple facial

expression or a hand gesture.The anonymous author of Beowulf uses the antagonist Grendel, and

his arm, the mother of Grendel, and the beautiful hall of Heorot, to give his readers an insight to

the motivation that led him to write Beowulf (Beowulf, 400).

In Epic poems, the protagonist often evolves from the actions of the antagonist.In

Beowulf, the first antagonist we see is Grendel. According to the poem, Grendel is a descendent

of Cain who wreaks havoc on the land of the Danes. (Beowulf, 102). He …show more content…

Symbolizing the light

extinguishing the dark, Beowulf travels to the Danes and pleads to kill Grendel. In his

translation, Seamus Heaney depicts the destruction of the monster by Beowulf further

establishing the symbolism between good and evil (Rauer, 30). Additionally, the demise of the

Grendel serves to foreshadow suspenseful actions later in the poem.

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Another aspect of Grendel’s death is the strategy Beowulf uses to defeat him using his

own body alone. The destruction of Grendel has been impossible and Beowulf decides to try

doing it without the use of weapons. Why would he do that? The author of Beowulf is displaying

symbolism in this circumstance. He is showing the confidence Beowulf has and the god complex

he portrays (Gardner, 1926). Beowulf proceeds to defeat Grendel and tears off his arm in the

fight. Grendel runs to his lair and dies, while Beowulf takes the arm as a trophy to the king.

Heaney shows the comparison of Jesus conquering death and now Beowulf has defeated the

monster that was going to kill the Danes. Grendel’s arm is another figure of accomplishment.

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