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Importance of romanticism in literature
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Critical Analysis of Autumn by John Keats
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Shelley and Keats
Autumnal Theme in English Romantic Poetry:
Shelley^Òs "Ode to the West Wind"
and Keats^Òs "To Autumn."
A season of autumn is traditionally associated with transience
and mutability, with dying of nature and expectations of the
following winter time. For Romantic poets who are known for
their extraordinary sensitivity to natural moods the period of
fall becomes a great force for poetic creativity. Percy Bysshe
Shelley^s "Ode to the West Wind" and John Keats^s ode "To
Autumn" are two beautiful poems which were blown to its authors
by the English autumn ^ both poets are influenced by the
seasonal process in nature which ushers them into the mood of
transience and aging. However, the two of them differently
perceive the same natural manifestations. The radical poet
Shelley observes the deadly changes in nature caused by the
autumnal wind with an expectation for the following spring and
revival. In the seasonal process he sees a symbolic prototype
for possible revolutionary changes both in his own life and in
the existing social structure of his country. His "Ode to the
West Wind" ! primarily appeals to the active sublime power of
the west wind to give him that energy which is able to change the
world. At the same time, another Romantic poet Keats drowsy accepts the
idea of aging and accomplishment ^ in his ode "To Autumn" he celebrates
fruitfulness of the autumn and bides farewell to the passing away year
and together with it to his great poetry.
The Romantic autumnal odes of Shelley and Keats are born from the
poetic observations of natural changes and from their ability to
penetrate the mood of fall which provides them a incentive for
artistic creativity. In "Ode to the West Wind" Shelley mainly
concentrates his attention on his observations of the death caused by
the autumnal wind. He compares the "dead leaves" to "ghosts" (WW,
676/2-3), and the "winged seeds" ^ to dead bodies which "lie cold and
low... within [their] grave" (WW, 676/7-8). All these images talk to
the author of the "dying year" (WW, 677/24), of transience of time and
of aging. Little by little his mind becomes full of "dead
thoughts"(WW, 678/63) which overwhelm him after he penetrates the
autumnal mood of nature ^ thus his mind generates the mood of the
season and he becomes a part of it. However, observing the autumnal
devastation Shelley knows that this season is not to rule over the
earth forever: for him it is just a period of "darkness which waits for
a redeemer" (Webb, p.178). He expects the time when "Spring shall blow"
In “What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why?” Edna St. Vincent Millay says that “the summer sang in me” meaning that she was once as bright and lively as the warm summer months. In the winter everyone wants to bundle up and be lazy, but when summer comes along the sunshine tends to take away the limits that the cold once had on us. She uses the metaphor of summer to express the freedom she once felt in her youth, and the winter in contrast to the dull meaningless life she has now. There are many poets that feel a connection with the changing of seasons. In “Odes to the West Wind” Percy Bysshe Shelley describes his hopes and his expectations for the seasons to inspire the world.
Both Percy and Mary Shelley had written a different interpretation of the Prometheus myth; with Percy’s Prometheus Unbound and Mary’s Frankenstein. Both of these works had examples that showed how the characters projected themselves into other beings. It could be interpreted that Mary had the intention to criticize the way a strong feeling of wishing something that is beyond the laws of the natural world to happen is without regard for the consequences that could occur as a result. These outcomes cannot be planned or controlled. Despite the outward appearance or aspect of the emphases on knowledge and creation—traits that are often considered virtues—Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Percy Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound revealed the ways in which humans, in their desire for these virtues, can triumph over the unpredictability of nature. The visually descriptive and figurative language that each author utilized helped to show the advantage of the power of narrative as a means of expressing the characters’ egos which drove them to overreach for the dominance over nature and relate to real people.
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The beauty of the English language is that there is a word for all situations. Poets, Carl Sandburg and Ezra Pound were master wordsmiths. Pound tries to mesh the magnificence of nature with the metronomic rhythm of an underground rail-system in his poem “In a Station of the Metro”. Sandburg also attempts to unite nature and the cityscape. The pulse of Sandburg’s “Fog” plays out similar to Planet Earth. Unlike Planet Earth, which has hours of narrative explaining the grandeur of earth; “Fog” is able to mesh the city and nature in just six lines. Pound interlaces the urban landscape and nature as if he were mixing oil and vinegar. Pound pours nature into the city, but when you leave both at rest you can clearly see which is heavier. Sandburg is also mixing two metaphorical fluids, but his two liquids are Columbian dark roast coffee and non-dairy creamer. His words, just like coffee and creamer blend slowly until you cannot differentiate the difference between the two. Ezra Pound’s word choice is stunning, but he is unable to interlock the city with nature as well as Carl Sandburg does.
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To more fully understand Stevens' poem "The Idea of Order at Key West," one can look at the ideas of the poem in context of social-philosophical thought. Emile Durkheim's theories on religion closely parallel those of Stevens. Both men believe that there is no supreme greater being, or God, that gives things order and meaning. But both men also believe that humans need to read order and meaning into the world to understand it, even if the meaning humans imply is false because there is no God. Since this aspect of both men's ideas is so similar, Durkheim's outline of ideas on religion can form a model by which Stevens' poem can be analyzed. Furthermore, although there is no way to prove that Steven's poem is based on Durkheim's ideas, there are enough similarities that the two sets of ideas can be compared.
The use of visual imagery in each poem immensely contributed to conveying the theme. In the poem “Reluctance”, Robert Frost used this poetic device to better illustrate the leaves of autumn:
In the poem “To Autumn” the initial impression that we get is that Keats is describing a typical Autumn day with all its colors and images. On deeper reading, it becomes evident that it is more than just that. The poem is rather a celebration of the cycle of life and acceptance that death is part of life. The first stanza begins with Keats painting a picture of Autumn as being a “season of mist and mellow fruitfulness”. This is used in conjunction with the use of the image of a “maturing sun” which ripens the Autumn harvest of views and the fruits.
Robert Frost is undoubtedly one of the most prominent and well-respected poets in American history. With his characteristic simple writing style, and emphasis on the natural world, Frost wrote poetry that was understood by and appealed to all. In a similar fashion to 19th century romantic poets, Frost upheld the notion that poetry is "never a put-up job.... It begins as a lump in the throat, a sense of wrong, a homesickness, a loneliness. It is never a thought to begin with. It is at its best when it is a tantalizing vagueness." That being said, Frost adopted a conversational tone for his poetry by writing his works in colloquial language, rather than with artificial poetic diction. Drawing from his preference for the vernacular, Frost often used the indefinite pronoun “something” in his poetry. Although a fairly common term, its relatively frequent use alongside Frost’s usually vivid and descriptive imagery make it a characteristic of his works worth exploring. Upon evaluation, it becomes evident that Frost’s most potent reason for the use of the word “something” is to infuse an element of doubt or uncertainty into his poetry. It is perhaps an instilled ambiguity that Frost describes as distinctive of good poetry – often found in his better works with a “tantalizing vagueness”.
In 1991, the World Wide Web was introduced to the world. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (Naughton 58). The company used hypertext markup language (HTML) to link information from computer to computer all throughout the world. It allowed people to jump easily from one computer’s resources to another (Gralla 169). In 1993, web browsers were initiated and it brought overwhelming growth to the internet (Naughton 61).
Harassment of a sexual nature, typically in the workplace or other setting where raising objections or refusing may have negative consequences is considered sexual harassment. In American employment law, it is any unwelcome sexual advance on the job that creates intimidation in the workplace. Sexual harassment is considered a form of illegal discrimination. Unfortunately, the definition of sexual harassment is very controversial; it is truly based on what ones personal opinion is. Typical sexual harassment behavior usually includes unwanted touching of a co-worker, lewd comments, talk about gender superiority, or sexual jokes (Sandler, 1997).
First, the management may be able to apportion the right resources and efforts in hiring the best and most diversified employees. Different perceptions on diversity indicate that diversity not only has benefits to an organisation but also presents several challenges, especially to the management. The different perceptions on diversity imply that managers should focus on solving diversity-associated problems to create an integrated workplace (Klarsfeld, 2016). To establish constructive diversity at the workplace, managers should institute feasible diversity-friendly policies, vision and
Both Shelley, in "Ode to the West Wind," and Wordsworth, in "Intimations of Immortality," are very similar in their use of nature to describe the life and death of the human spirit. As they both describe nature these two poets use the comparison of how the Earth and all its life is the same as our own human life. I feel that Shelley uses the seasons as a way of portraying the human life during reincarnation. Wordsworth seems to concentrate more on the stages that a person goes through during life. Shelley compares himself to such things as clouds, leaves, and waves. He is writing the poem as if he were an object of the earth, and what it is like to once live and then die only to be reborn. On the other hand, Wordsworth takes images like meadows, fields, and birds and uses them to show what gives him life. Life being what ever a person needs to move on, and with out those objects can't have life. Wordsworth does not compare himself to these things like Shelley, but instead uses them as an example of how he feels about the stages of living. Starting from an infant to a young boy into a man, a man who knows death is coming and can do nothing about it because it's part of life.
This concept advocated a proximal cavity preparation extending toward the buccal and lingual aspects of the tooth so that contact with adjacent teeth would not be at the margins. The separation of the margins, along with proper restoration contours, according to this concept was thought to promote natural cleansing of the embrasures with saliva and fluids in the diet.2
William Butler Yeats was born in Dublin, Ireland, on June 13, 1865. He was the eldest son of a painter. In 1867 his family moved to London, but he frequently visited his grandparents in Northern Ireland. There he was greatly influenced by the folklore of the region. In 1881 his family returned to Dublin. Their Yeats studied at the Metropolitan School of Art. During school he became more focused on literature.