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School-to-prison pipeline essay
Methods of restorative justice
The importance of restorative justice
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As we have learned, school-to-prison pipeline does nothing but stray at-risk youths away from education by criminalizing the students. At-risk students who are forced into a system like the school-to-prison pipeline are stripped away from their human rights and are powerless to fight back. It is not the students’ decision to be surrounded by the toxic systems, but because of the socio-economic imbalance that exist. Many of these at-risk students are from poverty where their parents are unable to fully provide for them and enroll them to a well off curriculum. However, socio-economic imbalance is not the only factor, policies like the zero tolerance reduces the students’ possibility to thrive in school. The zero tolerance policy demands for …show more content…
Le’s work discusses about how the school-to-prison pipeline produces more inequalities and struggles for the students because funds are being spent on SROs and not beneficial programs (Le 2016). He also explores how school-to-prison pipeline develops in school systems and discover that it begins with split and overpopulated classrooms, and unequal access to resources (2016). Because of this, it makes the students feel that the school does not care for their well-being or education. Therefore, “funding education can mean providing a different world for students in the inner-city by allowing them to have more resources” (Le 2016). Resources such as books or programs are essential in students educational career since these things prevent students from indulging in criminal activities and staying off the streets. Le argues that funding should not be allocated to security and police officers since they are inefficient, and that money needs to be invested in training the teachers and staffs on problem solving, extracurricular activities, and educational programs …show more content…
But, there needs to be more done than just funding. Therefore, to establish a nurturing academic environment, “families, schools, and communities all need to work together to create an environment that is healthy for the youths” (Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2009). This means that the parents, community, and school needs to impact the at-risk youths’ life positively. As a result, one method that can provide this positive impact is the restorative justice disciplinary strategy. Restorative Justice is the act of not punishing students through harsh methods, but in four different ways (London 2017). First, “administration needs to address all the needs and concerns the school has” (London 2017). Secondly, school faculties and students need to have a healthy bond where conversations are able to happen safely (London 2017). Thirdly, instead of punishing the students for breaking the rules, faculties need to sit down with the students to discuss about what happened and how to prevent the situation from repeating (London 2017). Lastly, faculties need to put in the effort to help the youths repair broken friendships and develop a safe space where students can enjoy learning (London 2017). Through this, at-risk or misbehaved youths can learn how to problem solve, practice proper social behavior, and spend more time in an academic
Last Chance in Texas dives into the lives of juveniles in the criminal justice system. It shows the step and progress in which administration take to assist these troubled youths to redemption and send them back into society as productive members. In this book Hubner shines light on the Giddings State School for the worst of the worst youths. What made this school unique is that they were producing results like no other. This paper addresses the core issues, policies of the school, and a situation that I would do differently.
America is often thought of as the land of equality and opportunity. We have fought for many things like all people being treated as equals and women’s rights and seen change, but one thing that has not seen a lot of change is the equality for the students in the American education system. Many people think that the American education system gives all students an equal chance to succeed, but minority students such as Hispanics, African-Americans, Asians, etc. have a harder time persevering in school than other students. Since our education system is based on strict disciplinary methods, curriculums for students that speak English, and funding for resources, the question that arrives in many people’s minds are, if all students are given an equal
School-to-prison pipeline embodies an unescapable and intimidating horror for juveniles today, because they are being put into the criminal justice from minor offenses (Messinger, 2016). It is punishable by a ticket, court appearance, and even put away in prison or a juvenile detention center. Also, this includes the presence of a police officer at the schools, School Reference Office (SRO), which included harsh tactics, physical restraint, punishments that result in suspensions, expulsion, or “push out” of class (Elias, 2013). With this research, I tend to find why are low income, racial minorities are being targeted and how are they are being
The current criminal justice system is expensive to maintain. In North America the cost to house one prisoner is upwards of eighty to two hundred dollars a day (Morris, 2000). The bulk of this is devoted to paying guards and security (Morris, 2000). In contrast with this, community oriented programming as halfway houses cost less than the prison alternative. Community programming costs five to twenty five dollars a day, and halfway houses although more expensive than community programs still remain cheaper than prison (Morris, 2000). Tabibi (2015c) states that approximately ninety percent of those housed in prison are non-violent offenders. The treatment of offenders in the current system is understood to be unjust. By this, Morris (2000) explains that we consistently see an overrepresentation of indigenous and black people in the penal system. Corporate crimes are largely omitted, while street crimes are emphasized (Morris, 2000). This disproportionately targets marginalized populations (homeless, drug addicted and the poor) (Tabibi, 2015c). The current system is immoral in that the caging of people is highly depersonalized and troubling (Tabibi, 2015c). This is considered to be a barbaric practice of the past, however it is still frequently used in North America (Morris, 2000). Another moral consideration is with the labelling of youth as offenders in the criminal justice system (Morris, 2000). Morris (2000) argues that we should see youth crimes as a social failure, not as an individual level failure. Next, Morris (2000) classifies prisons as a failure. Recidivism rates are consistently higher for prisons than for other alternatives (Morris, 2000). The reason for this is that prisons breed crime. A school for crime is created when a person is removed from society and labeled; they become isolated, angry
...a clear definition for what the school-to-prison pipeline is and why it continues to exist. I see the issues that have proceeded because of this policy. The research gives me an advantage of providing the unconstitutional wrongdoings. This is not an issue just morally wrong, it is unjust. Literature provides me with information on why courts are not taking action as well as possible solutions to endure without depending on legislators to take actions. The school-to-prison pipeline has a direct target and the literature also contributes information on who that target group is and why they are so easily targeted.
Thereby, institutions that were intended to nurture youth (schools) have been collapsed into the practice of surveillance and criminalization, often acting as the behest of police and probation officers. In the case of Spider, he was isolated from “regular” school and sent to EOCS, which was a school for students who had already been officially labeled as deviants and delinquents by the school district. There, many of the teachers had a common practice that whenever any student misbehaved, the teachers would threaten either to call the police, to send them to jail, or call their P.O. (sometimes, even for students that weren’t on probation). In the schools attempt to main social order, it used the full force of criminal justice institutions to regulate students’ behaviors with constant threats. Also, Rios accounts that Slick’s beating, a student at an EOC, was the result of the schools impeccable communication between a security officer, the administrators, and police officer Miles. At these types of teaching facilities, stigma, labeling, detention, harassment, and humiliation are just about the only consistent experience that adolescents could count on as they entered the school. If students attempted to resist criminalization by acting up, a police officer lurked nearby ready to pounce. In essence, school was simply an extension where young people were criminalized for their style and culture. As a matter of fact, many of the boys Rios describes, saw no distinction between the school and police officers who constantly lurked around them, like a “zookeeper watching over animals at all times.” Police officers played a crafty “cat and mouse game” in which adolescent boys remained in steady trepidation of being humiliated, brutalized, or detained. Hence, this sort of control is created by a
The article reviewed serves as a compliment to the research on school policies and its connection to the juvenile court, and how the school-to-prison pipeline has been created. The research article is “Education or Incarceration: Zero Tolerance Policies and the School to Prison Pipeline”. The theme focuses on the flourishing trend in public schools across America that criminalizes students’ minor disciplinary issues as a part of the emerging “zero tolerance” disciplinary policies and the factors that come along with it. This article separates itself from others by noting the influence of media on today’s youth and adults. The influence of media on youth and adults shines light on violence, stereotypes and provides insight on why mass incarceration is occurring so steadfastly. Throughout the article it is evident that the effects from zero tolerance policies are negative. People continue to question the use because no impact on school safety has been detected from the use of these disciplinary guidelines. From this research and other similar research, many authors have concluded that ...
Kim, Catherine Y., Daniel J. Losen, and Damon Hewitt. 2010. The school to prison pipeline: structuring legal reform. New York: New York University Press.
The school to prison pipeline is a phenomenon that refers to the practices and policies that have pushed school children, especially the most at-risk children, out of classrooms and into the juvenile justice system. This disturbing occurrence indicates the prioritization of incarceration over the education of children. Most alarmingly, many of the children being targeted have learning disabilities or histories of poverty, abuse or neglect. Instead of being targeted, these children would much rather benefit from additional counseling and educational services. Moreover, the knowledge acquired in this course will be incorporated in this paper and used to explain the points made. In this term paper, what will be discussed is the expansion of the zero tolerance policy, the different views on the policy, who is mostly targeted, the effects on the juveniles and any alternative solutions that could diminish this dismaying occurrence for becoming a larger problem.
The novel offers insight into a corrupted system that is failing today’s youth. This system places children into state custody with environments that are academically and socially incompetent. These children suffer within a corrupted system that denies resources and attention during the most crucial period in their emotional development. They develop very few meaningful adult relationships, endure damaging environments, and ultimately become trapped in a system that often leads to a prison life.
Gabbard’s (2013) application of zero tolerance policies goes hand in hand with this phenomenon known as the school-to-prison pipeline (STPP). Archer (2009:868) defines the STPP as “the collection of education and public safety policies and practices that push our nation’s schoolchildren out of the classroom and into the streets, the juvenile justice system, or the criminal justice system.” When Fowler (2011:16) studied the STPP, they concluded that “...the single greatest predictor of future involvement in the juvenile system is a history of disciplinary referrals at school.” Because of its huge predictor of criminality, this is a serious issue that must be analyzed to prevent a catastrophic and vicious cycle that forces society’s children out of school, int...
Tulman, J. B. (2008). Time to Reverse the School-to-Prison Pipeline. (Cover story). Policy & Practice (19426828), 66(1), 22-27.
Khadaroo, Teicher. A. “School suspensions: Does racial bias feed the school-to-prison pipeline?” The Christian Science Monitor. March 31, 2013. Web.
Higher education has the ability to reduce the number of people in prison as well as prison costs. A study conducted by the Department of Policy Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles found that “ a 1 million investment in incarceration will prevent about 350 crimes, while that same investment in [correctional] education will prevent more than 600 crimes. Correctional education is almost twice as cost-effective as incarceration” (Bazos & Hausman, 2004). A better use of tax dollars points to education in prisons. Approximitly 6 percent of all corrections spending is going towards prison programming, with a small portion of that amount allocated to higher education programs. A 50 state analysis of postsecondary prison education concludes that “even if educational programs are expanded, their per-prisoner cost is far less than the total cost of incarceration” (Erisman & Contardo, 2005). Shifting correctional spending to more education in prisons does not only mean fewer costs to taxpayers on housing the incarcerated. It also carries into savings in other publicly funded
Furthermore, the prisoners' exposure to constant violence, from other prisoners and from the prison staff too, can result in increased recidivism rates in the long run (Chen, 2007). That is why prisons need to invest in educational facilities that enable prisoners to find jobs once they are released, train the staff and ensure humane treatment for the prisoners, and implement medical amenities that cater to both the inmates mental health. The first solution to rehabilitating prisoners for productivity and socialization, is ensuring the availability of educational facilities in prisons. During an inmate’s incarceration, many hours are spent idling unproductively, effectively gaining nothing from all those hours wasted. Instead, prisons should incorporate educational facilities within their correctional systems, providing valuable knowledge that will open up opportunities to the inmates once they are released.