This paper presents Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, Adaptive Weighted PSO (AWPSO) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for determining the optimal Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller’s parameters of a position control for a typical Hydraulic Servo System (HSS). The performance indices, which have been used in the optimization, are Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral Square Error (ISE) and Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). The proposed controller is implemented on a simulation model of a real time hydraulic system to know the best method for tuning the controller. The PSO method yields better tuning in terms of settling time, maximum overshoot and undershoot. Compared to GA and AWPSO results, the PSO method has been noticed to be more efficient and robust in improving the step response of a position control for hydraulic systems. A mathematical model of a hydraulic servo-system is presented. This model includes the most relevant dynamic and non-linear effects. The model describes the behavior of a REXROTH servo valve and includes the nonlinearities of friction forces, valve dynamics, oil compressibility and load influence.
Hydraulic Servo Systems (HSS) play an important role in industrial field because they can produce high torque and large forces with high speeds. The hydraulic servo system applications include, manipulators, material test machines, fatigue testing, paper machines, ships, injection molding machines, robotics, and aircraft field. The dynamics of hydraulic systems are highly nonlinear due to directional change of valve opening, friction, etc. (Sohl and Bobrow, 1999). In hydraulic control systems, one of the main purposes of control is to achieve a desired and satisfactory response f...
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...g,” Computers and Chemical Engineering 26.6: 903-908
Saad, M. S., Jamaluddin, H., and Darus, I. Z. M., 2012, “Implementation of PID controller tuning using differential evolution and genetic algorithms,” International Journal of Innovative Computing Information And Control, 8(11), 7761-7779.
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Sivanandam, S. N., Visalakshi, P., and Bhuvaneswari, A., 2007. Multiprocessor Scheduling Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Dynamically Varying Inertia. IJCSA, 4(3), pp. 95-106.
Sohl, Garett A., and James E. Bobrow, (1999), “Experiments and simulations on the nonlinear control of a hydraulic servo system,” IEEE Transactions onControl Systems Technology, 7(2), pp. 238-247
The Wankel rotary engine named after the designer, Felix Wankel, was engineered in the early 1930’s. The rotary engine was unlike the conventional four stroke internal combustion engines and lacked the need for pistons, valves and camshafts. With only three moving parts involved in the design, this engine showed great promise in reliability and efficiency. The first Wankel rotary model was shown in 1960, not as an engine, but as a pump drive. Instead of the very complicated system involved in a conventional reciprocating piston engine, the wankel engine incorporated triangular “rotors” (see figure 1) that rotate within an epitrochoidal chamber around an eccentric shaft. Not only is this engine much more simple (only 3 moving parts rather
A maglev system is nonlinear and its open-loop response is unstable because of the nature of the magnetic forces used. PI controllers are based on a linearized model, so they do not compensate for certain variations. These variations can occur when a magnetic bearing experiences a working load change on the rotor during operation, ...
The use of manual was deemed too tedious and inert. At immense speeds, the use of a slick shift would be very tough and the drivers wont have that much time to react. Hence the use of more sophisticated and easier transmission systems have come into play. The paddle shift gearboxes are very easy to use. And with the combined strikeforce of a twin plate clutch gearbox, the gear changes are lightning fast. The use of electrohydraulics can be seen here. There is no clutch. Just a brake and a throttle pedal. The flappy paddles are located behing the steering wheel which make it easy for the driver to access it without much
The PSS is an additional control system, which is often applied as a part of an excitation control system. The basic function of the PSS is to apply a signal to the excitation system, producing electrical torques to the rotor in phase with speed differences that damp out power oscillations. They perform within the generator’s excitation system to create a part of electrical torque, called damping torque, proportional to speed change. A CPSS can be modeled by a two stage (identical), lead-lag network which is represented by a gain K and two time constants T1 and T2. This network is connected with a washout circuit of a time constant Tw. The signal washout block acts as a high-pass filter with the time constant Tw that allows the signal associated with the oscillations in rotor speed to pass unchanged. Furthermore, it does not allow the steady state changes to modify the terminal voltages. The phase compensation blocks with time constants T1i – T4i supply the suitable phase-lead characteristics to compensate the phase lag between the input and the output signals. The commonly used structure of the PSS is shown in Fig
Genetic Algorithms provide a holistic search process based on principles of natural genetics and survivals of the fittest……
It’s generally your job to determine when you have to start to meet the deadlines. The PS8 scheduling software can give u when to start when u develop the plan. They have to just define the project with tasks, durations and dependencies and then the software will schedule your task backwards in time from the set end date and it will come up with the latest date at which you can start your product to meet the deadline. It’s basically the method of scheduling the production backwards from the end date to the start date and by computing the time and materials required at each stage of the
BOSCH is one of the world's leading specialists in the field of drive and control technologies. Its core products are automotive components, industrial products and building products. BOSCH implements and applies the use of soft robots in its factories. BOSCH uses direct sales of components and spare parts to supply their customers for the various pieces of manufacturing equipment that they have in their plants in more than 80 countries in the technology fields Electric Drives and Controls, Industrial Hydraulics, Mobile Hydraulics, Linear Technology and Assembly Technol...
On a more scientific note I am interested in mechanics of fluids. This interest was enforced last year when I had the opportunity to attend a lecture on fluid mechanics at P&G. At the conference I greatly expanded my knowledge regarding the physical aspect of fluids and their properties. In last year's AS course we have met a topic in this field. I will be applying ideas and knowledge gathered from last year for this investigation.
Dc servo motor is widely used for industrial and domestic purpose. it is necessary to establish the mathematical model of DC servo motor here we are using armature control DC motor to control speed and position of Dc motor. In armature control of DC motor the resistance Ra and inductance La connected in series and voltage is representing the back emf of DC servo motor. The motor parameter and variable define as follow. Consider armature control dc motor shown in fig
K.-D Bouzakis and S.Mitsi, Off-line programming of an industrial robot for manufacturing, Spinger-Verlag London Limited, 2004 , 262-267 (accessed oct.30,2011)
[2]S.M Mohd, I.Zuwairie, U.Satomi, O.Osamu, K. Marzuki(2005). DNA Computing for Complex Scheduling Problem[Online]. Available : http://www.isc.meiji.ac.jp/~onosemi/IADC/ICNCSaufee.pdf
The speed of the motor relies on the number of poles, frequency and slip. The speed equation is as follows: N = 120f/p (1-S). Where f is the supply frequency, p is the number of poles, s is the slip. So the method of controlling the speed is reliable on these factors, and the methods can be one of the methods introduced:
The equations of motion form the basic building blocks for any system under consideration. These equations should be formulated as accurately as possible to model the desired system. The δinaccuracies in formulating these equations could result in faulty behaviour of the system which could be very difficult to understand. However, modern control systems are designed to accommodate model inaccuracies to a certain degree. It is very important to ensure that our model is modelled within this range. Errors could also enter the system during the calculation stage due to the precision and number of digits used to represent the values.
The operations of the robots have also advanced from simple hard-stop, one-function, hydraulic actuated robots to the more sophisticated, high-precision, servo controlled robots that can be reprogrammed to do many different jobs.
Suction and lift are paramount contemplations when pumping liquids. Suction is the vertical separation between the liquid to be pumped and the core of the pump, while lift is the vertical separation between the pump and the conveyance point. The profundity from which a hand pump will suck is restricted by air weight to a working profundity of less than 7 meters. The depth to which a hand pump will lift is administered by the capacity of the pump and the driver to lift the weight in t...