Why am I having this test? The fractionated plasma-free metanephrines test is used to screen for a type of adrenal gland tumor called pheochromocytoma. You may have this test if you have symptoms of pheochromocytoma or a family history of this type of tumor. What is being tested? This test measures the amount of metanephrine and normetanephrine in your blood. Metanephrine and normetanephrine are substances that appear in your blood after adrenaline and other hormones break down. Increased levels of these substances in your blood may be a sign of having a pheochromocytoma tumor. What kind of sample is taken? A blood sample is required for this test. It is usually collected by inserting a needle into a blood vessel. How do I prepare for this
In this lab, I took two recordings of my heart using an electrocardiogram. An electrocardiogram, EKG pg. 628 Y and pg. 688 D, is a recording of the heart's electrical impulses, action potentials, going through the heart. The different phases of the EKG are referred to as waves; the P wave, QRS Complex, and the T wave. These waves each signify the different things that are occurring in the heart. For example, the P wave occurs when the sinoatrial (SA) node, aka the pacemaker, fires an action potential. This causes the atria, which is currently full of blood, to depolarize and to contract, aka atrial systole. The signal travels from the SA node to the atrioventricular (AV) node during the P-Q segment of the EKG. The AV node purposefully delays
electrophoresis. The way the PCR method works is by first mixing a solution containing the
Some infections can be tested in more than one way. They can include a physical exam where your doctor may look at your genitals and/or your anus for any signs of an infection, such as a rash, discharge, sores, or warts. Blood sample's can be taken to test for infections. This test can be done with a needle or by pricking the skin to draw drops of blood. Another form of testing is by taking a urine sample. A doctor will ask their patient to urinate into a special cup. Discharge, tissue, cell, or saliva samples can be done by swabbing the infected area, and will be monitored under a microscope.
...m protect their families from this disease.A blood test can distinguish Tay-Sachs carriers from non-carriers. Blood samples can be analyzed by either an enzyme test or DNA studies. The enzyme test is a biochemical test that measures the level of Hex-A in a person's blood. Carriers have less Hex-A in their body fluid and cells than non-carriers, but babies with Tay-Sachs disease have a complete absence of Hex-A in their cells. The biochemical test is able to detect all Tay-Sachs carriers of all ethnic backgrounds.
Another research development was actually being able to test people to see if they have an STI. STI’s can be tested for in a couple of ways; physical exam and blood sample. With a physical exam, a health care provider may look at one’s genitals and/or one’s anus for any signs of an infection, such as a rash, discharge, sores, or warts. For a blood sample test a doctor may take a blood sample. Another test can be conducted by taking a urine sample. The patient may be asked to urinate into a cup and have that tested. Discharge, tissue, cell, or saliva samples can also test for STI’s. A health care provider will use a swab to collect samples that will be looked at under a microscope.
...th. The test can be to check your blood glucose levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, lactic, and uric acid. And to check if your growing and checking for enlargements of the liver.
To make sure it is a fair test; the procedure is repeated a couple of
who administers a series of test that must be passed, which points out normal or abnormal
Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor which is formed in chromaffin cells of the adrenal glands. Pheochromocytomas are also known as adrenal chromaffin tumors (1). Chromaffin cells are found in the medulla of the adrenal glands (Figure 1). The adrenal glands located just above the kidneys. These cells receive neuronal messages from the brain via neurotransmitters and, as a result of these messages, release hormones in to the bloodstream (Figure 2). The main catecholamines produced in the adrenal glands are dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) (1). Pheochromocytomas cause the adrenal glands to make too much of these hormones, which are called catecholamines. Adrenal glands with pheochromocytomas produce excess catecholamines, which can cause high blood pressure or hypertension (1). High blood pressure that goes untreated can lead to a variety of severe health problems including heart disease and stroke. Typical symptoms of pheochromocytomas include headaches, excessive sweating, pounding of the heart, pain in the chest, and a feeling of anxiety (1).
The prostate gland is an egg-sized organ that rings the male urethra. The secretions of the prostate give nutrients to the semen. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death in men. (Ernstoff,Heaney,Peschel,1998,pviii) Like all cancers, prostate cancer is an uncontrolled cell production in a particular organ or area of the body. In the case of prostate cancer, these cells begin to split impulsively in the prostate and form tumors. As these tumors begin to grow they begin to use up oxygen from other healthy cells and surrounding tissue. Not only do these tumors take up oxygen from other cells, they secrete protein signals that initiate the formation of new blood vessels. (CaP CURE,2000,p1) With the increasing rate of prostate cancer in males it is highly suggested that men begin to get tested for this form of cancer at the age of 30. There are two ways of diagnosing prostate cancer. The most common way is a rectal exam. Digital rectal examination can provide meaningful information in both the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. (Ernstoff,Heaney,Peschel,2,p48) The exam is fairly simple. A doctor places his finger in the anus and feels for the texture and size of the gland. The second way that a physician can determine if a male has prostate cancer is the PSA test, which measures the levels of the enzymes produced in the prostate. A method that is not widely used is an ultrasound to visualize the prostate. The rate in which the prostate grows can be reduced through the controlling of testosterone. Yet the prostate can never be stopped from growing and at some point it will grow uncontrollable and can be deadly. After a male is diagnosed with prostr...
Blood stains are one type of evidence that can be found at a crime scene. Blood that is still in the liquid form should be picked up on a gauze pad. Once the blood is dried thoroughly it should be refrigerated and sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 1). If the blood stain is found dried on clothing, the officer should wrap the piece of clothing in clean paper and place it in a sealed and labeled container. An object with dried blood stains needs to be sent to the Laboratory if it is small enough. If the object is too large to send, then using a clean knife the stain needs to be scraped onto a clean piece of paper, which then can be folded and placed in an envelope (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 2). When collecting autopsy blood samples, the officer should request that the pathologist obtain the sample directly from the heart and place it in a yellow or purple stoppered vacutainer. If the victim is still alive but in serious need of a blood transfusion, then the pre-transfusion blood sample needs to be obtained promptly before the hospital discards it (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 4). It is important for the Laboratory to receive all blood samples within 48 ho...
Plasma donation begins with the individual arriving at the Biolife Plasma Center. Upon arrival the person signs themselves in via clipboard or computer. Then after sign-in the individual is seated amongst many other potential donors awaiting their name to be called so they may advance in the donation cycle. Eventually, a nurse calls the individuals name, and directs them toward the front desk. Here they will be weighed on an electronic scale, and also at have their finger pricked with a small punch. This punch makes a small inci! sion in the index finger, that allows a sample of blood to be squeezed into a small straw-like tube. This blood sample is then taken to the small laboratory to be tested for efficiency, while the potential donor is taken to a small cubicle to answer a series of questions involving their immunization history. After the questioning session ends the individual is once again seated in the waiting area until their name is called over the intercom system.
Today, prostate cancer is usually detected through screening, and there are two methods for early detection. The prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) is used, but there are many factors that can influence the outcome of the PSA test. Medications such as antihistamines, physical exertion or recent ejaculation can raise a PSA level (Gray, 2009). The test itself was intended for staging the presence of known prostate cancer and is less reliable when used alone (Oliver, 2007).
The objective of this lab is to determine the present of normal and abnormal constituents in the urine, also to examine the pH, specific gravity, and chemical constituents.
Ultrasound is a key modality in the diagnosis of many tumours arising in soft tissues in the medical discipline of oncology. The following pages will outline some of the key features of malignancies and how they relate to ultrasound and diagnosis of cancer. Included also is a specific examination of ultrasound in the case of an adrenocortical carcinoma, pictured below.