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Outline for redevelopment in a urban community
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Community could be defined as a combination of diverse set of people, culturally, religiously and socially living in particular area within the society. It is a very important fabric of a nation, a potential catchment or targeted area that could be easily marked out for service delivery. Community could also be a good source of strength to propagate or enhance effectiveness of public services. It is a solid nucleus and most importantly in terms of unity and ability to adopt a common front in dealing with society issues. It is also an important channel to expressing individual civic responsibilities and promotion of racial harmony within the concept of opportunities –for- all. Without doubt, community within the regeneration as deployed by New Labour under its Urban Regeneration is based on these factors and achievable targets. New Labour’s path to making services reach the citizens more effectively and preventing potential societal problems which in the long run create a better and equal society within its Urban Regeneration regime. It comes not without its ambiguities and challenges in terms of implementations, practical aspects, mitigating factors and the realities of critical and contesting argument for and against its effectiveness on the community in relation to contemporary New Labour Urban Regeneration. Pre- New Labour Era Prior to ascension of New Labour to power in 1997, Imrie R and Raco M eds. (2003) argue that the state of structural decay within the local community albeit concerted efforts from previous government was deteriorating fast. This due to a big disparity between the economic success of corporate companies and a dwindling and bleak economic prospect of local communities in terms of housing, ... ... middle of paper ... ...is going through the parliament .Nevertheless, bits of success of New Labour lingers in the memory and ruins of discontinued landmarks and displaced communities will be in our social conscience as either bad or not far reaching enough. Works Cited Brownill, S (1990). Developing London’s Docklands: Another Great Planning Disaster? London: Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd. Bury, R. (2012). Choice based letting a cause of ethnic segregation .Available: http://www.insidehousing.co.uk/choice-based-lettings-a-cause-of-ethnic- segregation/6514366.article. Last accessed Cochrane, A (2007).Understanding Urban Policy. Oxford: Blackwell. Imrie R, Lees, L & Raco, M (2009). Regenerating London. London: Imrie, R & Raco, M (2003).Urban Renaissance? New Labour, Community and Urban Policy. London: The Policy Press. 14
Peckham has been dubbed as London’s buzzing up and coming new hotspot, with “galleries, rooftop bars and foodie night markets that make East London look positively parochial” according to an article by Chris Martin in 2013, a stark contrast to Olsen (1997) labelling it “an inner city area which is among the poorest and most deprived in the country... Blighted by ills such as drugs, crime, unemployment, low educational achievement, a deteriorating infrastructure; life lived at the margins.” In this literature review I am going to review the main issues surrounding how the area has changed, discuss the new demographics coming into the area, issues such as gentrification in the area and also the increasing cultural segregation that is becoming evident in the area, both spatially and temporally.
The importance of social context in Land Law and the reforms which have occurred as a result cannot be ignored or their significance understated. In particular is the impact of the shift in the twentieth century to ‘emergence of a property owning, particularly a real-property-mortgaged-to-a-building-society-owning-democracy’. Such growth could hardly have been anticipated when the LPA 1925 was drafted and subsequently became statute. As a consequence of this growth the doctrine of the resulting trust and to a greater extent, the constructive trust became a robust mechanism by which non legal owners could establish beneficial interests in the home. Swadling comments on the ‘complete change in attitude’ between the emphasis on security of ownership of the home in Boland and the free marketability of land which we see in Flegg. He states ‘one wonders what has happened to the demands of social justice which justified their Lordships decision in 1980 (in Boland) over such a brief passage of time’. Did the House of Lords fail to resolve the very practical issue with which they were presented that had evolved over the passage of social change since the drafting of the 1925 legislation?
It appears to be a term that is used commonly, yet there is not a specific definition to interpret what it really means. Personally, I believe that community consists of kinship networks among residents of a certain area, different routines that contribute to the “well-being” of a region, furthermore the culture of this area. For the East End, “practicing community” is a phrase that is of importance with the circumstances regarding what the community was undergoing during that period of time. “Practicing community” describes the long-term, determined efforts of East Enders with the intention of maintaining the community from undertaking the modifications, however this process assists in providing a sense of peace to East Enders while they cope with the underlying problems at hand (Halperin 1998). Throughout the book, East Enders were practicing community in order to save their community from being modified by condominiums and other buildings that would destroy its
The lack of available social housing is mainly due to stock levels steadily diminishing each year since 1980, after tenants bought nearly half-a-million council houses under the ‘Right to Buy’ scheme. This coupled with the decline in house building; which is currently at its lowest level since 1946, has brought about a shameful lack of affordable public housing (Turffrey, 2010).
But while choosing to secure one social group Liverpool and his cabinet had provided immedia... ... middle of paper ... ... for a slim chance of economic recovery in a single sector of the country's economy-agriculture. The British Government had decided to choke one group of citizens, the urban based working classes, to create a wealthier group of large land owners-ironically the largest group of MP's.
“One by one, many of the working class quarters of London have been invaded by the middle-classes—upper and lower. Shabby, modest mews and cottages—two rooms up and two down—have been taken over, when their leases have expired, and have become elegant, expensive residences .... Once this process of ‘gentrification’ starts in a district it goes on rapidly until all or most of the original working-class occupiers are displaced and the whole social character of the district is changed.”
Furthermore, both articles “Gentrification: A Positive Good For Communities” and. “The Deeper Problems We Miss When We Attack ‘Gentrification’” exhibit their opinion on the positives of gentrification and the potential of “revitalization” in low-income urban communities. Badger argues that gentrification brings nothing more than further opportunities for urban communities while integrating citizens of different social classes. Furthermore, she continues to question if gentrification is in fact the monster that brings the prior expressions against gentrification where she says “If poor neighborhoods have historically suffered from dire disinvestment, how can the remedy to that evil — outside money finally flowing in — be the problem, too?”(Badger) Stating that the funds generated from sources external that are brought into these communities can’t be problematic.
The complexities in the discovery of past and present communities led analysts to realize that the term community, often demonstrated in a neighborhood, is not confined to neighborhoods. By 1970s, analysts had expanded the definition of community beyond the boundaries of neighborhood and kinship solidarity and argued that the ‘essence of community was its social structure and not its spatial structure. They then began to treat “community” as “personal community” and defined as a network of significant, informal community ties. The transmutation of community into social network has helped the persistence of communities even when the neighborhood traces are faint.
Although the inner city areas have been identified as having problems for many years, it was not until 1988 that Margaret Thatcher put forward the “Action for Cities'; campaign. She realised that something had to be done to improve the conditions, and took the problems found in the inner cities as the reasons why the re-development schemes were necessary. When launching the scheme Thatcher said “In partnership with the people and the private sector, we intend to step up the pace of renewal and regeneration to make our inner cities much better places to live, work, and invest';. The inner city programme specified 6 aims:
Of the many problems affecting urban communities, both locally and abroad, there is one issue in particular, that has been victimizing the impoverished within urban communities for nearly a century; that would be the problem of gentrification. Gentrification is a word used to describe the process by which urban communities are coerced into adopting improvements respective to housing, businesses, and general presentation. Usually hidden behind less abrasive, or less stigmatized terms such as; “urban renewal” or “community revitalization” what the process of gentrification attempts to do, is remove all undesirable elements from a particular community or neighborhood, in favor of commercial and residential enhancements designed to improve both the function and aesthetic appeal of that particular community. The purpose of this paper is to make the reader aware about the significance of process of gentrification and its underlying impact over the community and the community participation.
Remember the denials of our political elite and so called media 'experts' in claiming there was nothing amiss in the property market as national house prices were in the process of losing all touch with reality and Dublin house prices were exceeding even those of London. Remember how when it was pointed out that Ireland displayed all the hallmarks of an archetypal property bubble the lengths our leaders went to in order to assure us that we were different. The sharp rise in house prices, they told us, was not a reflection of a speculative bubble, as many suggested, but of the enduring strength and performance our economy. The boom times, it was said, were going to get even ‘boomier'(sic). So the message coming from on high was quite simple: get your ‘foot on the ladder’ or get ‘left behind’.
Sense of community has been operationalised as a state like entity, and as the outcome of certain social processes. As such, a conceptual framework has been developed that allows understanding of the way people are socialised into their communities and maintain, or fail to establish and maintain, social engagement. This has also been understood in terms of process analysis of social change. Its linkage to power is important, as it helps define the setting in which power is used and is less likely to be abused. From a process perspective, sense of community is a changing feature of people’s relationships to others, and as such can be a barometer of change in 18 18 community. It can be beneficial in helping people create a sense of identity and a resilience to untoward social change. As a central aspect of the development and maintenance of social connectedness, it is useful in conceptualising adaptive and protective factors for positive life in community. Sense of community can also be associated with negative aspects of social life. The nature of exclusion of ‘others’ can lead to harmful social consequences. Local social cohesiveness can be at the expense of minority groups and newly arrived immigrant groups. It can provide an analytic tool
In 1997, Tony Blair of the labour party won the United Kingdom’s general election on the ideology, goals and a party manifesto of a ‘new labour’, a revision, an update and a reform of the old labour party, bringing new radical politics to the 20th century - although some believe that labour only won the election due to the British publics increasing hate for Thatcher and the conservatives. The term new labour was a reflection on how the labour party was trying to reform itself and depart from the ideas of ‘old labour’ that had failed to win an election since 1974 and take on new ideas and politics that seemed radical, new and progressive and that would regain trust from the British voters. ‘New labour, new for Britain’ was the slogan that first appeared on the party’s manifesto in 1996 and soon became the party’s main slogan for the campaign of the 1997 elections. But how exactly was new labour new? New labour was trying to become more progressive with its politics that reformed all of the key policy domains that the government were interested in. By attempting to reform the party’s manifesto as well as clause IV, new labour attempted to become a new party that could progress British politics rather than rely on traditional politics of old labour. New labour wanted to modernise the party’s by perusing their traditional goals which include job support, economic growth, investments in public services, welfare and redistribution but they also wanted new progressive politics that catered to the minority groups in terms of social justice, for example civil partnerships (King,2002). However, some argue that new labour was not particularly ‘new’ and instead that Blair’s government had betrayed the traditions of the labour party and inst...
Redmond, D. (2001) Policy Review Social Housing in Ireland: Under New Management, Britain: Oxfordshire’, 1(2)
3.Spence, Lorna. A Profile of Londoners by Housing Tenure: Analysis of Annual Population Survey& Labour Force Survey Data. London: Greater London Authority, 2007. Print.