CHEMICAL COMPOUND: NAPROXEN SODIUM Organic Chemistry Lab Writing Across Curriculum November 7, 2015 Naproxen sodium, with a molecular formula of C14H13NaO3, has a molecular weight of 252.24 g/mol. It has a melting point of 55°C and has the appearance of a solid; crystalline power (powdered solid). The chemical is odorless, has a white color, and is slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). It is stable under normal conditions; however, it is best to avoid conditions such as dust formation, incompatible products, and excess heat. The chemical is slightly soluble in either, soluble in methanol and chloroform, but not soluble in water. Naproxen sodium is an anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic …show more content…
This is carried out in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as aluminum chloride, preferably in the presence of a suitable solvent and at a temperature from 10° C. to 35° C. Second, ketalization of the compound of formula IV under nonracemizing conditions occurs with an alcohol having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms to give an optically active ketal having absolute configuration (S). This step is preferably carried out with a lower aliphatic alcohol, such as methanol in the presence of the corresponding orthoformate and using an excess of alcohol or orthoformate, which also act as solvents. Next, the rearrangement of the ketal into an optically active ester having absolute configuration (S) occurs. This part of preparation is preferably carried out in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Examples of suitable catalysts are inorganic derivatives of zinc, such as zinc chloride, bromide and oxide. Lastly, the removal by means of hydrogenolysis under nonracemizing conditions of the chlorine atom in 5-position occurs. (United States of America Patent No. 732,735,
The purpose of the Unknown White Compound Lab was to identify the unknown compound by performing several experiments. Conducting a solubility test, flame test, pH paper test, ion test, pH probe test, conductivity probe test, and synthesizing the compound will accurately identified the unknown compound. In order to narrow down the possible compounds, the solubility test was used to determine that the compound was soluble in water. Next, the flame test was used to compare the unknown compound to other known compounds such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and calcium carbonate. The flame test concluded that the cation in the unknown compound was potassium. Following, pH paper was used to determine the compound to be neutral and slightly
The primary goal of this laboratory project was to identify an unknown compound and determine its chemical and physical properties. First the appearance, odor, solubility, and conductivity of the compound were observed and measured so that they could be compared to those of known compounds. Then the cation present in the compound was identified using the flame test. The identity of the anion present in the compound was deduced through a series of chemical tests (Cooper, 2009).
The technique used to narrow down the identity of unknown white compound were solubility test, pH test, flame test, and ion test. The first technique used to narrowed the properties of unknown white compound was using solubility test. To conduct solubility test, 0.25 gram of unknown white compound was dissolved in 100 mL of water. After carefully observing the change while string unknown white compound in water, the unknown white compound was soluble because it dissolved in water completely. Using bursen burner, matches and deionized water, flame test was conducted for unknown compound and it burned lilac color. Then compared the color of unknown white compound to other compound that were narrowed. The results of flame test for compounds that were narrowed down is shown in the following table. The pH test was conducted using litmus paper. 0.50 gram of unknown white compound was measured and dissolved in 10 mL of water in beaker. After dissolving, placed the litmus paper in solution and recorded the pH value of unknown compound which was neutral. Then compared the pH value of unknown white compound to compound that were narrow down. The pH result of the KCL, KNO3, NaCl, and K2SO4 is presented in the following table. The ion test was also conducted in order to make sure that the identity of unknown white compound was matched with the compound that were narrow down. After conducting the test, the result of unknown white compound which formed precipitate compared to KCl, KNO3,NaCl, and K2SO4. The results shown in the following
Aspirin is also known as Acetylsalicylic acid. It is composed of nine Carbon atoms, eight Hydrogen atoms, and four Oxygen atoms. There are many chemical properties to it. The melting point of aspirin is about one hundred and thirty-five degrees Celsius and the boiling point is one hundred and forty degrees Celsius. It has a density of 1.35 grams per milliliter and the molar mass is 180,160 g/mol (1). This means that the molecule is relatively dense. There is more weight than there is volume. Aspirin is described as odorless and colorless to where the color is white. It looks like a crystal-line powder at room temperature. It is a relatively stable molecule that should be stored at room temperature (2).
PhenRx is comprised of a 377 mg proprietary blend containing 137 Trimethylxanthine, Synephrone HCL, Schizandrol, Beta Phenylethylamine, Yohimbine, Dimethyl 4 and Hydroxy Phenylethylamine.
The purpose of this lab was to determine what vegetation was present above and below the water’s surface and to observe the water visibility depth. We took sampling data from the two different lakes at Noxubee Refuge. The two lakes were Bluff Lake and Loakfoma Lake. The Bluff lake consists of 800 acres of the Noxubee Refuge, and Loakfoma Lake consists of 400 acres (About the Refuge). Many different wildlife species are present at these two lakes. The wildlife includes migratory waterfowl, shoreline birds, and alligators. We observed all three of these wildlife species while collecting data. Along with the wildlife, there are many different plant species to observe. The plant species consist of upland species and bottomland species.
Opioid receptors (MOR/DOR) work through G-protein coupled receptor by modulating different proteins which eventually inhibit excitatory neurotransmitters release from peripheral sensory neurons. Activation of MOR or DOR by its agonist promotes dissociation of trimeric Gi/o protein complex into Gα and Gβγ subunits which inhibits adenylyl cyclase and cAMP accumulation subsequently. Decreased cAMP accumulation inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitter by decreasing the Ca2+ influx into the neurons that blocks the conduction of nociceptive signal through the synapses (Stein et al. 2009).
Then the reaction tube was capped but not tightly. The tube then was placed in a sand bath reflux to heat it until a brown color was formed. Then the tube was taken out of the sand bath and allowed to cool to room temperature. Then the tube was shaken until a formation of a white solid at the bottom of the tube. After formation of the white solid, diphenyl ether (2 mL) was added to the solution and heated until the white solid was completely dissolved in the solution. After heating, the tube was cooled to room temperature. Then toluene (2 mL) was added to the solution. The tube was then placed in an ice bath. Then the solution was filtered via vacuum filtration, and there was a formation of a white solid. Then the product was dried and weighed. The Final product was hexaphenylbenzene (0.094 g, 0.176 mmol,
The product was made from 4-methylcyclohexanol. The chemical, 4-methylcyclohexanol is used in industrial settings. In 2014, West Virginia was exposed to this chemical in drinking water. Since this chemical is used to wash coal of its impurities, it was unsafe to drink the water as well as take a shower (CNN). Similarly, 4-methylcyclohexanol has a strong smell which may cause people to have symptoms like vomiting, skin irritation, and trouble breathing. Diesel is also replaced by 4-methylcyclohexanol (National Geographic).
The conical vial was placed in a small beaker and allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was Cooled thoroughly in an ice bath for 15-20 minutes and crystals collected by vacuum filtration on a Hirsch funnel. The vial was rinsed with about 5 mL of ice water and transferred into to the Hirsch funnel and again washed with two additional 5mL portions of ice water. Crystals were dried for 5-10 minutes by allowing air to be drawn through them while they remained on the Hirsch funnel. The product was transferred to a watch glass plate and allow the crystals to dry in air. Crude acetaminophen product was weighed and set aside a small sample for a melting point determination and a color comparison after the next step. Calculation of the percentage yield of crude acetaminophen (MW = 151.2). was done and recorded in the lab notebook.
The solvent should be easily removed from the purified product, not react with the target substances, and should only dissolve the target substance near it’s boiling point, but none at freezing. A successful recrystallization uses minimum amount of solvent, and cools the solution slowly, if done to fast, many impurities will be left in the crystals. Using the correct solvent, in this case ice water and ethyl acetate, the impurities in the compound can be dissolved to obtain just the pure compound. A mixed solvent was used to control the solubility of the product. The product is soluble in ethanol an insoluble in water. Adding water reduced solubility and saturates the solution and then the crystals
In this, the amount of moles in the sodium hydroxide solution after it has been reacted with the aspirin is found using titration, and then compared with the amount of moles it had without the aspirin being added. The difference in moles is the number of moles of sodium hydroxide that reacted with the aspirin, and therefore the number of moles of
1. The labels have fallen off of three bottles thought to contain hydrochloric acid, or sodium chloride solution, or sodium hydroxide solution. Describe a simple experiment which would allow you to determine which bottle contains which solution.
H. Fischer. Organic Syntheses Coll. 1943, 2, p. 202; H. Fischer. Organic Syntheses Coll. 1935, 15, p. 17.
The chemical has colorless liquid, with characteristic odor. A harmful contamination of the air will be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20'C.