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Animal testing discussion ethical
Animal research morality issue
Animal testing discussion ethical
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There are many organisms that are served as a model for genetic research. In experiments, “by studying model organisms, scientists are learning more about how the brain functions and what drives behaviors like eating, sleeping, sex and even aggression” (“Using Model Organisms to Study Health and Disease”). The studies that are conducted on the animals or bacteria can be beneficial to finding behaviors, but also in human health. The research in human health, “this foundation of knowledge has led to new methods for maintaining health and for diagnosing and treating disease in humans. This models each carry specific characteristics that can be studied” (“Background on Mouse as a Model Organisms”, 2002). It provides medical advantages for genetic …show more content…
Characteristic of the Mus musculus in research and the benefits that the characteristics can provide (Howard Hughes Medical Institute) As table 1 explains, there are relatable characteristics to humans that make it easier to research on a mouse or a rat. “Scientists from a wide range of biomedical fields have gravitated to the mouse because of its close genetic and physiological similarities to humans, as well as the ease with which its genome can be manipulated and analyzed” (“Using Model Organisms to Study Health and Disease”). The comparison that a mouse as to a human makes it easier to research on disease that the two share and find treatment. A rodent can also be created from specific genes for a specific experiment. With the experiments, “one of the most important advances has been the ability to create transgenic mice, in which a new gene is inserted into the animal’s germline” (“Background on Mouse as a Model Organisms”, 2002). The ability to create transgenic mouse is a big advantage in research for scientist and the experiments. We may know a lot about how Mus musculus and the studies that have been conducted, but this is only the being …show more content…
While the case was dismissed a year later, it brings to light many important questions about our relationship with other animals and underlines the current climate of the ongoing debate (Keim, 2014). What rights do non-human animals have? Does a chimp or a mouse have the same rights of autonomy as a human? If so, what does this mean for animal experimentation? How will this affect drug testing? Can we replace mice with new technology? Fortunately, alternatives to animal testing are currently being developed at increasing pace. Non-profit organizations such as People For Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) are funding developers whose goals are to replace laboratory animals with software (PETA Funds Non-Animal Methods, 2015). Alliances between scientists within varied fields are yielding emerging technologies that promise to replace animals, and thus mice, in experimentation within the near future. The Future of Animal
Loeb, Jerod M. “Human vs. Animal Rights: In Defense of Animal Research.” Taking Sides: Science, Technology, and Society. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2011
The information that animals have provided scientists over the past decades has changed society, and is still changing society for the better. Millions of lives have been saved with the use of animal testing and many more will be saved with continued research. However, there are many who dismiss this monumental achievement completely and oppose the use of animals in laboratory research. Though many find this practice to be
Both in and out of philosophical circle, animals have traditionally been seen as significantly different from, and inferior to, humans because they lacked a certain intangible quality – reason, moral agency, or consciousness – that made them moral agents. Recently however, society has patently begun to move beyond this strong anthropocentric notion and has begun to reach for a more adequate set of moral categories for guiding, assessing and constraining our treatment of other animals. As a growing proportion of the populations in western countries adopts the general position of animal liberation, more and more philosophers are beginning to agree that sentient creatures are of a direct moral concern to humans, though the degree of this concern is still subject to much disagreement. The political, cultural and philosophical animal liberation movement demands for a fundamental transformation of humans’ present relations to all sentient animals. They reject the idea that animals are merely human resources, and instead claim that they have value and worth in themselves. Animals are used, among other things, in basic biomedical research whose purpose is to increase knowledge about the basic processes of human anatomy. The fundamental wrong with this type of research is that it allows humans to see animals as here for them, to be surgically manipulated and exploited for money. The use of animals as subjects in biomedical research brings forth two main underlying ethical issues: firstly, the imposition of avoidable suffering on creatures capable of both sensation and consciousness, and secondly the uncertainty pertaining to the notion of animal rights.
Animal testing is a subject appalled by many people. It is considered to be unethical, inhumane, and downright cruel. One of these reasons for the opposition of animal experimentation is due to the belief shared by many animal activist groups, such as PETA, that animals are kept in appalling living conditions in research facilities. Reasons to believe this are caused by minor instances of laboratories not abiding the law. However, despite these instances the welfare of test animals are preserved by many laws and regulatio...
Over 100 Million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned and abused in testing Labs every year. Animals are used to test the safety of products, advance scientific research, and develop models to study disease and to develop new medical treatments all for the sake of mankind. Animals should not be used for scientific research because animal testing is inhumane, other testing methods now exist, and animals are very different from human beings.
Researching on mice was began in a Laboratory in Bar Harbor in Maine. In the year of 1953, researcher Leroy Stevens began on an experiment with cancerous mice. This laboratory was awa...
...hich inherited traits, such as those for genetic disease, can be tracked over generations. Throughout out the course of human development, scientists will continue to find new new ways to help the human race through the discovery of the human gene inside of each of us, its uses, as well as complications, that can help the survival of our species.
In modern society, animal experimentation has triggered a controversy; consequently, vast amount of protests have been initiated by the animal rights community. Although these organizations have successfully broadcast their concerns toward animal experimentation, its application continues to survive. Sally Driscoll and Laura Finley inform that there remain fifty million to one-hundred million animals that experience testing or experimentation throughout the world on a yearly basis. But despite opposition, animal experimentation, the use of experiments on animals in order to observe the effects an unknown substance has on living creatures, serves multiple purposes. Those particular purposes are: research of the living body, the testing of products, and the advancement of medicine.
Animal experiments used in biological research have helped make many advancements in human medicine. Through these experiments when has achieved, a decrease in infant mortality, longer lifespan, and an increase in the quality of life (American Medical Associaton 3). Through indirect of direct experimentation, almost all medical advances can be traced back to research through animals. The control and dismissal of diseases like: small pox, poliomyelitis, and measles has been achieved with animals. Blood transfusions, burn therapy, open brain and hearts surgery where all fulfilled the same way (American Medical Association 54). "Biomedical advances depend on research with animals, and not using them would deprive humans and criminals of the benefits of research" (American Media Association74). Through animal research we could find solutions to AIDS, cancer, heart diseases, aging, and congenital defects. Like Lord Adrian said, “The use of living animals in scientific research can be considered justified if it is likely to produce appreciable benefit to society, if there is no way to conduct the research in quest...
Therefore, it is up to us to aid these defenceless animals and to put a halt to animal testing once and for all! Bibliography/ References Douglas, Kate. “Just like us”. New Scientist. Vol.
Chimeras are created by injecting foreign DNA(from another animal) into a developing animal embryo. Chimeras were first primarily used to understand developmental biology. Today, chimeras are used for disease processes, test new drugs, and organ transplants. Sheep and pig have been genetically modified to produce human organs for transplant. In 2004, pigs have been modified to have human blood (Silverman). Since chimeras can be genetically modified to include human DNA, they are better research subjects. Irv Weissman, a director of Stanford University’s Institute of Cancer/Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, created mice with 100 percent human brains. Weissman believes the mice can offer ground-breaking information in combating brain functions and diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's. Consequently, there is much opposition against the research and use of chimeras (Mott).
“Animals were used in early studies to discover how blood circulates through the body, the effect of anesthesia, and the relationship between bacteria and disease” (AMA 59). Experiments such as these seem to be outdated and actually are by today’s means, scientists now commonly study for three general purposes: (1) biomedical and behavioral research, (2) education, (3) drug and product testing (AMA 60). These three types of experiments allow scientists to gain vast amounts of knowledge about human beings.... ... middle of paper ... ...& Co.
Imagine your sweet cat locked in a cage inside a laboratory with other various animals. Millions of animals every year are locked up in labs for testing. Animals are used to test medications, cosmetics, biology lessons, and for medical training. Thousands of mice, rats, primates, cats, dogs, and other animals are used for testing. Most of these animals will die in cruel testing experiments. Animal testing is tortures to the animals, an unreliable option for medication, and there are better safer options for testing.
Moreover, It is quite obvious that animal testing has done a lot for medical research in the past, and the use of an animal was needed. The main purpose of animal testing is to “Gain basic knowledge; for fundamental medical research; for the discovery and development of drugs and vaccines and medical advances” (Estimates for Worldwide Laboratory Animal Use in 2005 1). However, while that may have been true in the 1900’s, it is certainly not the case in the 21st century. With technology constantly advancing and expanding, researchers have found other alternatives that do not need a live animal body. Such alternatives, like computer models and in vitro testing, give the same amount of medical research without the nereed of harming an animal. Computer programs use specialized models to help design new products. These generated simulations are used to “predict the various possible biological and toxic effects of a chemical or potential drug candidate” (Alternatives to Animal testing: a review 225). It is unreasonable to assume that in the 21st century, animal testing is still the best option for medical research. With technology currently being used for many medical advances, future discoveries of medical research can and should be made without animal
The use of Animals in medicine is considered to be one of the most important things for the advancement in medical rese...