Macbeth Analysis

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Does sleep affect our conscience lives? Shakespeare seems to think so! In Macbeth, those who are good natured in the play see sleep as a relief from a day of working. They relish its peaceful, calming effect to their body and mind. Those with an evil nature are often cursed with sleeplessness. Its ramifications have a much different outcome- they hallucinate, dream terrible dreams and even sleepwalk. Some would say it’s their conscience catching up with them. Macbeth’s readers are first introduced to the evil side of sleep deprivation in Scene 3 Act 1. The witches cast a spell: “Sleep shall neither night nor day/Hang upon his penthouse lid…” The recipient, a sea captain, has done something to anger the witches and they chose to take revenge for his disrespect. The witches continue to plan to torment the sea captain in a number of ways, but sleep deprivation is one of them (the phrase “penthouse lid” is in reference to his eyes never being able to close in sleep), and living out the rest of his days a cursed man. The witches show how they influence sleep with their evil nature and their unnatural powers which make them the vessel that Shakespeare uses to demonstrate this in the play. This scene of the witches is a foreshadow of things to come because this is the first time Shakespeare introduces the audience to just how they can affect a simple thing like sleep, on those who possess a potential for evil- especially Macbeth. Next, in Act 2, Macbeth knows what he must do to get the power he hungers so deeply for- he must kill the king. Just before he actually decides to kill Duncan, Macbeth hallucinates that he’s holding a dagger before him. This is the beginning of Macbeth’s downfall. As a result of Macbeth’s evil, unnatural behav... ... middle of paper ... ...ed by it show the unnatural behaviors of the cast. The witches, for example, are not being affected by it- they control it. Those who disrespect them in any way may be cursed to sleeplessness, and other unfortunate demises that could make you wish for death. Macbeth, being the most corrupt shows sleep as something horrible, so he continues to go further and further in his delusions. Finally, the good Doctor’s observations of Lady Macbeth’s sleepwalking are proof that the human conscience can only handle so much guilt, they are consumed by it eventually, so the only way the body can survive is to let it out in the form of sleepwalking; this unnaturalness, witnessed by a good-natured person perplexes them as to why someone could not receive the benefit of sleep most would know. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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