John Locke's Declaration Of Independence

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John Locke was in many ways distinctly separated from the fathers of the American Revolution. Time is the first division that comes to mind; while John Locke lived and wrote during the seventeenth-to-early-eighteenth century, most of the Founding Fathers were born in the mid-eighteenth century and rose to prominence in the latter half of that century. Location also segregated Locke from his American brothers; he resided in England, his birthplace, while the majority of the American revolutionaries were born in the American colonies. Likewise, nationality differed between the two groups with Locke being an Englishman and the Founding Fathers largely American. Given all of these separations between Locke and the American revolutionaries, the …show more content…

The specific language of the declaration evokes nearly direct references to Locke’s own writing. First, Thomas Jefferson’s mention of “inalienable rights” stems directly from Locke’s own interpretation of the idea. For Jefferson, “inalienable rights” take the form of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, while for Locke the rights are life, liberty, and property. Despite replacing ‘property’ with ‘pursuit of happiness,’ Jefferson nearly verbatim copies the phrase from Locke’s Second Treatise. Further, the importance of property to Jefferson still appears in various works he published. When in The Declaration of Independence he mentions “for Congress, with a pledge of ‘our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor,” Thomas Jefferson is using fortunes to mean property. Fortune as a synonym for property first appears in Locke’s Second Treatise, and the terms were used interchangeable during the eighteenth century. Moreover, other texts affirm Locke’s right to property. For example, in “The Declaration of the Causes and Necessity for Taking Up Arms,” Jefferson argues that Americans came here for “the acquisition & free possession of …show more content…

Jefferson asserts that “that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.” In this passage, Jefferson means that when governments neglect their purpose and the contract set up between them and the people, then citizens bear a right to tear down that government and replace it with a new one. This instruction comes almost directly from Locke’s formula. Locke argues that a “breach of trust” occurs between the people and their government “when their legislations have acted contrary to their trust, by invading their property.” When a breach of trust occurs, Locke urges societies to provide a new legislative. In fact, Locke believes not only that people have a right to revolt but that they have a duty to fight back against a tyrannical government. This sentiment appears in Jefferson’s work, as he maintains that people have a right to revolt and set up a new government when a breach of trust occurs. Locke and Jefferson also agree on one of the roles that government plays in its citizens’ lives. For Locke, government ought to concern itself with “the preservation of society, and of every person in it.” The Declaration

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