Japan is located in the continent of Asia. This country is made up of many islands. There are four major islands in Japan which are Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku, and Kyushu. However, Honshu is the largest and most popular as well as home to Tokyo, Kyoto, and other major cities. Japan is often called "The Land of The Rising Sun” because it is located in the Far East and most peoples know that sun rises in the east. The Japanese also refers to their country as "Nippon" or Nihon" which means "source of the sun". Tokyo is the capital of japan and it is one of the largest cities in the world and also modern, very busy as well as extremely crowded. Japan is a well-developed and modernized country. The population in japan is almost 127 million, which 99 of them are Japanese. There are two main religious in Japan which are Shintoism and Buddhism. In Japan all citizens have Freedom to choose and practice their own religious. The Japanese economy is one of the third largest in the world after USA and China. The main export of Japan are cars, electronic devices and computers wh...
Human beings are susceptible to the force of nature. They had to make shelter for themselves. Material was one of the most basic tools to create shelter. By development of building construction, selection and use of materials also developed. The relationship between the architecture and the materials before invention of modern materials was simple and generally naturally [1]; in the past, architects always use tradition materials according their experimental skills. For choosing structural materials, they had attention to important factors such as availability (local materials) and harmony with climate and culture [2], although this way was forward with feedback. But this relationship was not continuing simply.
Recently the concerns of women around their equality in society has become a hotly debated topic in the public spot light. Much of the debate concerns women and the ingrained sexism that permeates most cultures. Many women's activists feel that this ingrained sexism has widened the gap between men and women in a political, social, and economic sense. And for the most part they do have strong evidence to support these claims. Women have suffered through millennia of male dominated societies where treatment of women has been, and in some cases still is, inhuman. Women are treated like subhuman creatures that have only exist to be used for procreate and to be subjugated by men for household use. It has only been very recently that women have become recognized as equals in the eyes of men. Equals in the sense that they have the same political and social rights as males. While the situation has improved, women still have to deal with a male oriented world. Often women in the workplace are thought of as inferior and as a liability. This can be due to concerns about maternity leave, or women with poor leadership skills. But also in part it is due because of the patriarchy that controls all aspects and dynamics of the culture, family, politics, and economy. Even developed countries like The United Kingdom, United States, Germany, and France, could be classified as a patriarchies. These countries may not agree with this notion because of expansive, but not complete changes, that have gradually equalized women in society. However, there are developed countries that openly express a patriarchy and have enacted little societal changes to bring equality to women. Japan is one such country, and t...
As a conclusion, Mingei and nationalism can be perceived as fundamentally interwoven through Japanese handicrafts. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, many factors came to play a part in bringing the Japanese spirit to the forefront of craftsmen minds, whether as reason to bring attention to themselves and their own work or as a way of providing necessary utensils to the average Japanese home. The efforts of the Mingei movement and the Japanese Traditional Crafts Exhibition cannot be ignored. Yanagi can be said to have foreseen this radical decline in traditional styles and if not for his and his fellow founders collecting and preserving crafts in the Japanese Folk Art Museum, many of the regional methods and styles could be lost today. After the destruction of the war and
The Pueblo people built an intricate infrastructure of houses and plaza’s to create a well-planned community. They first built their houses on large alcoves in the side of a canyon with overhanging ledges. They evolved into multi-storied houses u...
Architecture of the Geometric and Orientalizing periods had mostly made out of a simple structure made of mud bricks and rubbles. They were generally built on an east-west axis with an entrance and a columned entry. However, in rectangular temples, the two sidewalls stood beyond the front wall to form an entrance. In the rooms, a single row of wooden columns with the main axis supported the wooden beams of the gable roof. (J. J. Coulton, 1977) Not only the temples and houses were built with mud brick, but also the graves erected in the Geometric and Orientalizing periods were also built in the similar style and method. The small rectangular earth mounds in the Geometric period assumed as a monumental form with walls of mud-brick protected by a jutting cornice of slabs and surmounted by a flat or shallow pitched roof. (M. Andronikos) The whole structure was coated with mud painted decoration.
One of the things Japan advanced in was technology and that includes weapons. When the samurai fought against the Emperor’s soldiers, the samurai suffered an honourable defeat because even though they lost, they helped start a new era where the worldviews could live together in peace. Weapons were not the thing they advanced in. They also designed and created the bullet train in the future.In the Edo Period, Japan progressed greatly. One of the ways they did that was to use western technology and improve it and add their own touches. In the west they created the railroads and that inspired the Japanese to create a better one. Technology improved over time and that led to great new inventions, including the bullet train. They also advanced in their
Sarvimaeki, Marja. University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Architecture Experiential Features of Japanese Built Environment.
Beginning in the early seventeenth century, Japan went from being one of the driving forces of technological and military power in the modern world to becoming outdated, old due to a lack of technological innovation. From this Japan was able to outlast the hard times, becoming once again becoming technological powerhouse. This was because, as stated in the book, “The Lexus and the Olive Tree” by author Thomas L. Friedman, they were able to find a happy median between the Lexus and the olive tree, in other words, new ideas and technology, while still maintaining traditional values of culture and race, both politically and socially. Japan was able to rebound, and regain political, social and economic stability and prosper in each after decades of internal conflict and turmoil because they, unlike similar contemporary non-western civilizations, focused on balancing new reforms with older, more historical governmental traditions.
Mesopotamian architecture consists of stone and hardened clay making their structures rigid and permanent. Japanese architecture on the other hand consists of mostly wood making their structures lighter and less permanent. Even though both of these cultures used different materials for building, both had to repair and rebuild their structures every so many years. Mesopotamian communities built out of hardened mud would eventually soften and collapse requiring the community to recoat the walls yearly. Japanese shrines have two separate buildings in order to alternate its use while the other was under construction due to the wood decaying. Although the concept of having to rebuild a structure yearly may seem like an efficient way of building, the idea still influenced the communities to work together to complete the
There were several important inventions during Medieval Japanese times; but there were three key inventions that really advanced Japanese culture. Did you know the Soroban? It was the second advance calculator after China during Medieval times. The Japanese were the first to create a Katana that was curved. Unfortunately, some medieval Japanese inventions were destroyed, and created a new look, like the Katana.
In the following essay, I will be comparing and contrasting to architectural pieces by the Indians. The first is the Taj Mahal, a building constructed from white marble that took seventeen years to build in honor of Shah Jahan’s wife, Mumtaz Mahal (Z. Haq). This piece of architectural beauty belonged to the Mughal’s, the Muslim emperors in India (Z. Haq). The second is the Great Stupa at Sanchi, a holy, dome shaped structure that covers the body of the Buddha in honor of him and his contributions to Buddhism (Fischer, Julia). Furthermore, this structure was made of ruins, rocks, mud, and covered in bricks (Fischer, Julia). Both pieces of architecture are significant to the Indians, however they do contrast in some ways.
Most of Japan experiences long, hot, and humid summers which is reflected through their architecture. Consequently, buildings were constructed of wood. This was the material of choice because it was cool in the summer and warm in the winter. With the abundance of timber in Japan, almost all the buildings were constructed of wood. Furthermore, wood was flexible and could withstand the harsh forces of earthquakes and tsunamis. Earthquake-resistant construction is still a leading problem in Japan’s architectural standpoint, especially with its abundance of major storms and natural disasters. Whereas exposed wood in Chinese buildings is painted, Japanese architects decided not to paint the excess wood in their buildings. Next, the interior of Japanese architecture was virtually open. Rooms flow from one to another, and not even screens separated individual spaces. Over time, architecture was redesigned with the idea of self standing screens that portioned off rooms for common everyday functions such as eating, sleeping, or dressing. In Japan, people didn’t want walls with joints, so architects decided to make walls that could be taken apart then reassembled. Japanese liked their homes plain. Hence, the floors were fitted with earthy rice mats. Web-Japan.org states,“To the Japanese a house was somewhere to escape the troubles of the world, a place of calm and contemplation.” Even though
Japanese aristocrats from at least mid-eighth century customarily had gardens near their homes. During the Heian period a somewhat standard type of garden evolved in accordance...