A researcher named Jack Gibb had found ways to reduce defensiveness. Gibb could isolate six types of defense arousing communication, and six contrasting behaviors that had level the treats and defensiveness of a relational messages. The first one is “Evaluation versus Description” Evaluation is a defense arousing behavior most people become irritated judgment statement which mostly makes them indicate a lack of regret. Description is the focusing on thoughts and feeling instead of judging people. The second one is “Control versus Problem Orientation”. This is a defense provoking message which involves try to control others. Controlling communication is when a sender imposes a solution to the receiver with little regard for the receiver. Problem
This approach directly addresses the conflict and is often viewed as “might makes right” (Robin, 2002). A confrontational style usually involves high emotional levels, clear clarity of goals, weak relationship, and low concern for formalities or fear of punishment, moderate concerns for traditions, and a moderate self-concept.
or traumatic events. A defense mechanism is a manner in witch we behave or think to defend ourselfs. Theses
A person with a defensive personality may feel as though they are being attacked and to cope with it they need to defend their choice of words and actions when they are dealing with other individuals. My younger sister, Carlee, has a defensive personality. We have the same mother, but different fathers. This caused us to be raised in different situations. She has moved around a lot, going from my dad’s house, to our mom’s house, and to her dad’s house. She did not have a set place where she could call her “home”. Generally, Carlee is a good kid and listens, and does not argue too much. However, as siblings usually do, there are quarrels between us. She will get overly defensive and extremely furious very easily. She overreacts to the littlest comments, and actions. To discuss her defensive trait, I will be discussing personality psychology trait theories by Lawrence Kohlberg and Erik Erikson.
...ans of communication when less intense strategies have failed, such as yelling or speaking. All in all, the decision to take part in self-punishment is highly influenced by the behavior of others as we are growing up.
It illustrates that these two “limit” my self-actualization and achievement percentages. I do not find myself to be overly defensive or aggressive when dealing with individuals.
Gwendolyn Brooks' "First fight. Then Fiddle." initially seems to argue for the necessity of brutal war in order to create a space for the pursuit of beautiful art. The poem is more complex, however, because it also implies both that war cannot protect art and that art should not justify war. Yet if Brooks seems, paradoxically, to argue against art within a work of art, she does so in order create an artwork that by its very recognition of art's costs would justify itself.
In the article, “Blue-Collar Brilliance” by Mike Rose, he begins with an anecdote of his mother working her blue-collar job at a diner as a waitress. Rose vividly describes her common day that is packed with a constant array of tedious tasks she has to accomplish to make her living. The authors goal appears to be making the reader appreciate the hard work of blue-collar workers because society places a stereotype on them as being less intelligent than someone with more schooling or even a white-collar job: “Our cultural iconography promotes the muscled arm, sleeve rolled tight against biceps, but no brightness behind the eye, no inmate that links hand and brain” (282). I agree with Rose’s conclusion that if we continue to place a stigma on
Toughness is just a term that many individuals use to describe they’re ability to believe that their not weak in any way. Playing the game of basketball and being a part of the team is more than just being tough. Basketball is more of being determined, strong, and willing to become a better athlete. When you have the mindset that I am tough and no one can give you pointers to make your game better. Does not make you an athlete nor makes you tough. What makes any ball player tough are the struggles and the process you go through to make you better. We as players have our ups and downs. As soon as we give up, were no longer determined, strong, and willing. As soon as we give up this problem is what makes us weak, and what coach wants a weak player on their team that gives up in any possible way. There are three words that describe the term tough and these words are being determined, being strong , and willing to learn and become an overachiever in the game of basketball.
Psychology covers a huge field and one interesting aspect of it is personality. Personality by itself involves various issues. Some aspects are Psychoanalytic, Ego, Biological, Behaviorist, Cognitive, Trait, and Humanistic. Different types of behaviors are amazing to learn about, mainly the behavior therapy, collective behavior, crime and punishment, and Social behavior and peer acceptance in children. I chose Behaviorism over the other aspects because I believe behavior determines human personality and is very interesting. You can tell what one is by his behavior, and one behaves according to what place he has in society. By doing this paper on Behavior, I hope to get a better understanding of, if behavior develops a personality or if personality guides behavior. I also see behaviorism helping me in the future with my personal and professional career by understanding human personality and behavior better than I do. No matter what your major is, if you can determine one's personality by his behavior you can really get your work done from that person and understand the better than you would otherwise. This person could be your employee or your employer. Behavior Therapy Behavior therapy is the application of experimentally derived principles of learning to the treatment of psychological disorders. The concept derives primarily from work of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov. Behavior-therapy techniques differ from psychiatric methods, particularly psychoanalysis, in that they are predominately symptom (behavior) oriented and shows little or no concern for unconscious processes, achieving new insight, or effecting fundamental personality change. The U.S. psychologist B.F. Skinner, who worked with mental patients in a Massachusetts State hospital, popularized behavior therapy. From his work in animal learning, Skinner found that the establishment and extinction of responses can be determined by the way reinforces, or rewards, are given. The pattern of reward giving, both in time and frequency, is known as a schedule of reinforcement. The gradual change in behavior in approximation of the desired result is known as shaping. More recent developments in behavior therapy emphasize the adaptive nature of cognitive processes. Behavior-therapy techniques have been applied with some success to such disturbances as enuresis (bed-wetting), tics, phobias, stutteri...
In this chapter, Heinrichs argues that people have an issue with differentiating between arguments and fights. He cites ancient philosophers and studies about marriages to support his argument that when people resort to fighting rather than arguing to resolve issues, their outcome is inevitably doomed. They fight to win and overpower the opponent, whereas they argue to win over the audience, and the latter provides them with an outcome in which both parties are appeased. Heinrichs further argues this idea by pointing out the benefits that come from persuading one’s opponent through an argument, namely, that no vengeful reactions are incited and the opponent leaves the argument agreeing with the other person, not angry at them. He supports
In chapter nine of Messages, assertiveness training is presented as a way “to express your feelings, thoughts, and wishes, and to stand up for your legitimate rights without violating the rights of others.” (McKay, Davis, Fanning, 2009, p. 125) According to McKay, Davis, and Fanning (2009), “assertiveness is a social behavior that can be learned” (p.125) Assertiveness that is presented in a way that is used to express ‘your’ feelings and not necessarily to interpret someone else’s connects directly with the single contingency method. As assumptions number four of the skills and tools model of communication states that communication skills are trainable like motor skills, assertiveness skills such as passiveness, aggressiveness, and assertiveness are presented in a way that may be taught to use in appropriate situations to depict your feelings and your wishes. The book differentiates between a skill that is similar to a personality trait, and assertiveness that can be acquired, which contradicts assumption number four because it suggests that learning to communicate is similar to learning jumping jacks. It also specifies that assertiveness is used to initiate your own message instead of another’s reaction.
Defense mechanism are a critical part of ego psychology. Used as a way to make reality a little less frightening, defense mechanism can be moderately adaptive, or damaging (Day, 2008). In order to...
In “The High Art of Handling Problem People” by Hara Estroff Marano, Psychology Today, May/June 2012, the author discusses the personalities and behaviors of toxic people and includes information on defusing encounters in everyday life. First, the author lists the hostile as short-tempered, mean, does not like to be wrong, acts in self-serving ways without consideration. and it’s unlike he will see another point of view. Secondly, the neurotic a pessimist, negative, anxious and doesn’t realize she is dysfunctional. Co-workers and others shy away because of the attitude. Next, the Rejection-sensitive, a person who either real or imagined expects to treated badly by others will use passive aggressive
From my point of view, my communication style serves as a “problem creator” when dealing with others. Instead of finding solution to solve the problem, I always create more problems out of the original problem. Whenever there is an issue, I do negative things like criticizing and blaming to create another problem that might hurt the
Violations of expectations in turn may confuse their receivers, shifting more attention to the violator and the significance of the violation itself. Someone who can assume that they are well regarded by their listeners is safer engaging in violations and more probable to profit from doing so than someone who is poorly regarded. When the act of violation is one that is likely to be unclear in its meaning or to convey numerous interpretations that are not consistently positive or negative, then the reward valence of the communicator can be particularly important in moderating clarifications, assessments, and consequences. Violations have comparatively consensual meanings and valences related to them, so that engaging in them produces similar effects for positive and negative communication.