Investigate the Effect of pH on Immobilised Yeast Cells on the Breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide Safety: ======= * Extreme alkaline and acids are used so must wear gloves, goggles and apron. * Be very careful not to make contact with any of the chemicals, as they will be irritable and some corrosive to the skin and eyes. * There must be no running and any other normal laboratory rules should be followed as usual. * Hydrogen peroxide is corrosive and so should not be touched. * A lab technician should immediately wash up spillages. * Always be careful of the glass instruments as these could break. Background knowledge: In my experiment I will be measuring the amount of oxygen given of in a gas syringe over a certain time period from different pH levels. Hydrogen Peroxide is a chemical compound, H2O2, a colourless, syrupy liquid that is a strong oxidizing agent and an in water solution a weak acid. It is miscible with cold water and is soluble in alcohol and ether. Although pure hydrogen peroxide is fairly stable, it decomposes into water and oxygen when heated above about 80°C; it also decomposes in the presence of numerous catalysts e.g. most metals, acids. The properties and factors that effect breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide are important in this investigation. The reaction of Hydrogen Peroxide forms water and oxygen, which is shown in the equation below. 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 On it’s own this reaction is very slow and normally a catalyst is needed to speed up the reaction. A catalyst is used to speed up reactions without it getting used up. So a biological catalyst such as an enzyme is used to speed up the process in the equation above. In my experiment I am going to do I am using dried yeast, which contains a suitable enzyme ‘catalase’. So therefore I am using the catalase in the yeast to speed up the reaction, the products being produced and the overall results. To explain why enzymes speed up reactions it is based on the collision theory. The enzyme’s, which are immobilised in the yeast-based beads, will give many active sites for the substrate (Hydrogen Peroxide) to bind (‘lock’) with. This will increase the collisions and therefore the rate of reaction. Immobilised enzymes can be washed and re-used. The beads are all relatively the same size so that there is less chance of error on the investigation. Immobilised enzymes are also more stable in extremes of temperature and pH, which it will need for my experiment. A buffer solution is one, which resists changes in pH when small
2. A test tube was then filled with 35ml of yeast and placed in the
Hitler and his right hand man, Himmler, came up with a plan called The Final Solution. The Final Solution was a plan to eliminate all of the Jews in europe. Approximently 6 million Jews were kiilled and 5 million other people that were on Hitler's Undesirable List were also killed.
The Effects of Concentration of Sugar on the Respiration Rate of Yeast Investigating the effect of concentration of sugar on the respiration rate of yeast We did an investigation to find how different concentrations of sugar effect the respiration rate of yeast and which type of concentration works best. Respiration is not breathing in and out; it is the breakdown of glucose to make energy using oxygen. Every living cell in every living organism uses respiration to make energy all the time. Plants respire (as well as photosynthesise) to release energy for growth, active uptake, etc…. They can also respire anaerobically (without oxygen) to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products.
The Holocaust was one of the worst periods in history. Learning about it teaches us of the crualty and evilness of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis during the 2nd World War. History is told to repeat itself, and we learn about the Holocaust so that it never happens again.
Our nation learns about The Holocaust to educate oursleves on past mistakes, mistake being an understatement in this case. World War III is one of the number one fears of our nations, which makes it obvious that the devastation World War II caused is something we worry we could not bare once more. Therefore, we study the hurrendous time period of The Holocaust to prevent a reoccurrence of its events. The Holocaust is a major part of our history that deserves recognition by the thoughts of society.
Molin, M., Yang, J., Hanzen, S., Toledano, M., Labarre, J. and Nystrom, T. (2011). Life span extension and H2O2 resistance elicited by caloric restriction require the peroxiredoxin Tsa1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell, 43 (5): 823-833. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.07.027.
Also, the Rwandan Genocide should have been easy to predict when reflecting on the numerous Tutsi assaults in the past. All attacks that took place in Rwanda after World War I led to the Rwandan Genocide, which is frequently known as the most monumental massacre in the history of Rwanda. Each assault building up to it possessed a secret plea from the Tutsis to other countries, hoping for a country 's or the U.N. 's assistance to help defend against the Hutus. Nevertheless, little assistance was provided for the Tutsis even during the Rwandan Genocide. The lack of empathy from other nations was a remarkable aspect of the massacre. The entire world observed the genocide play out, but waited for the United Nations
Hitler was born April 20, 1889 in the Austrian town Braunau am Inn. He was the fourth of six children, all belonging to Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. Hitler was baptized as a Roman Catholic. After being enrolled in school, young Adolf excelled in school, promising a bright future. When it came time to decide what secondary school he was going to go into, Hitler dreamed of becoming an artist, however Hitler’s father wanted him to follow in his footsteps as a civil servant. While in technical high school in Linz, Austria, Hitler struggled, being held back his first two years. All while failing his schoolwork, Adolf did learn one thing- his newfound admiration of German Nationalism.
In today’s world, it is of the utmost importance to learn from mistakes of the past. Certain events, especially tragedies that could have been avoided, hold within them the lessons and wisdom that should be used to prevent similar disasters. The 1994 Rwandan genocide resulted in over 800, 000 deaths of the Tutsi people, at the hands of the Hutu; the genocide, and the international response to it, is a lesson about the humanitarian responsibilities, successes, and shortcomings of the United Nations.
Hitler was born in Braunau near the German border. His father was a drunk and had recently been legitimized by had grandfather. Even though he was a drinker, he was still a good customs officer. He always liked to try to talk Hitler into getting a good, secure government job. Though his father always wanted him to get a government job, he had always wanted to be an artist. After his father died, his mother let him follow his passion in art.
The Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity. pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. The higher the hydrogen ion concentration, the lower the pH. Most enzymes function efficiently over a narrow pH range. A change in pH above or below this range reduces the rate of enzyme reaction. considerably.
Adolf Hitler was born on April 20,1889 in a small town in Austria-Hungary. Growing up, Adolf had a hard life, due to his father's lack of love and admiration. Because of that, Hitler became cold and desperately wanted to get away. Long after Hitler came into power he stated he never loved his father. As Hitler got older, he developed a desire to be an artist, but never succeeded in that occupation. Eventually, he joined the German army and his resentment and strong patriotism grew from the defeat of the Germans in World War I. Hitler came to power by the effects of the global depression in Germany, his hostility of Jews, and ruling by force.
Hitler's early life was full of hardships that impacted the leader that he grew up to be. For instance, When Hitler was thirteen years old, his cruel father passed away(Noakes). This means he was raised by his mother who adored and pampered him. Hitler was born August of 1889 and was raised in Austria-Hungary ( Lukacs). He attended school for a basic education but was interested in art. Eventually Hitler was rejected from art school. His family funds eventually ran out and in 1909 he was left to live in a men's hostel. Hitler lived there for four years (Noakes). His
How the Concentration of the Substrate Affects the Reaction in the Catalase Inside Potato Cells Introduction Enzymes are made of proteins and they speed up reactions, this means that they act as catalysts. Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of our cell's activities and is very toxic. The enzymes in our bodies break down the hydrogen peroxide at certain temperatures they work best at body temperature, which is approximately 37 degrees. At high temperatures, the cells begin to denature. This means that the hydrogen peroxide is prevented from being broken down because they will not 'fit' into the enzyme.[IMAGE] Objective I am going to find out how the concentration of the substrate, hydrogen peroxide affects the reaction in the catalase inside the potato cells.
Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau, Austria. His mother was Klara Hitler and father was Alois Hitler. Alois worked as a customs officer on the border crossing. Hitler's ancestors were peasants, small independent farmers or village craftsmen. His father was the first to break away. Contrary to the impression Hitler conveyed in Mein Kampf, he was neither poor nor harshly treated. His father advanced steadily in the service, and ended the highest rank open to a civil servant of his education. He had a secure income as well as the social standing of an imperial official and when he died he left his widow and children well provided for. His mom was twenty-two years younger than his father. Hitler was a choirboy, in the Benedictine Monastery of Lambach. Hitler did not do well in school. One of the teacher in his high school classified young Hitler as notorious and willful. Adolf saw no real reason to stay in high school. He left school at age sixteen without a leaving certificate. In September 1907, Hitler left home taking with him all the money left to him by his father, who had died a few years earlier. The money would be enough for tuition and board at the art school in Vienna. Hitler applied for entrance to the school two times and was reje...