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The role of language in thinking
The relationship between language and the brain, mind, and thought
How Languages influence thought
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Recommended: The role of language in thinking
Although many argue that language shapes the way we think because they think our brand is set to think differently in different languages. What this means is that depending on the language our mind is set to think a certain way. For example, languages like Spanish, French, Russian, and Arabic have words in feminine and masculine. Grammar and tenses also play a part in language and how the brain processes the information included in different languages. “In Russian, you would have to mark tense and also gender, changing the verb if Mrs. Dumpty did the sitting. You would also have to decide if the sitting event was completed or not” (Boroditsky 469). Geralyn Magan shares her experience of language in her article “The Power of Language to Change …show more content…
She states in her article, “we’re often unaware of how our language affects others. In fact, many of us think we’re sending positive messages to older adults when we’re actually using words that reveal our negative attitudes about aging” (Magan). Because we associate young as being good and old is to bad, it shapes the way we speak with others depending on their age. “When we blame things on age, it reflects the fact that we have internalized this notion that our older self is less valuable, less attractive, less active, than our younger self, and that is terribly self destructive. Everytime we say something deprecatory about ourselves or someone else on the basis of age, it undermines our self-esteem and our self-image” …show more content…
Guy Deutscher states in his essay, “So different languages certainly make us speak about space in very different ways. but does this necessarily mean that we have to think about space differently?” The region where the most striking evidence for the impact of language on thought is exposed to the language of space — how we portray the orientation of the world around us. “Differences in how people think about space don’t end there. People rely on their spatial knowledge to build many other more complex or abstract representations including time, number, musical pitch, kinship relations, morality and emotions” (Boroditsky 471). If someone asks us for directions we have two ways to tell them, “The first uses egocentric coordinates, which depend on our own bodies: a left-right axis and a front-back axis orthogonal to it. The second system uses fixed geographic directions, which do not rotate with us wherever we turn” (Deutscher 450). But this doesn’t shape our way of thinking, because we use what we are most comfortable using. All these statements on how language shapes our brain to think a certain way can be proven
According to ALFA ageism is the discrimination of a person based on their age and it robs seniors of their independence (website at bottom). Not only are these stereotypes negative to the elderly, but it may also shorten their lives.(dittman) In Levy’s research she found that older adults who had a more positive perception of themselves lived 7.5 years longer than those with a negative perception. (dittman) Carl was perceived as a grumpy old widower and a menses to the community because of his seclusion and unwilliness for change. Because of this the judge decided he would be best off in a retirement home. It’s that assumption and attitude that Carl was too old to continue to take care of his home and be a productive citizen that creates this stereotyping. (paper) It can be assumed that Carl quit his job willingly to retire with Ellie so they could travel to South America, but unfortunately she passed. It is likely if Carl wanted to return to work that he would be turned away due to age. Okinawan people believed that retiring early made for an early death and even to this day they don’t have a word for retirement 75(book). Even young Russell displays ageism in UP, when he specifically chooses Carl to achieve his assisting an elderly badge because he assumes that because Carl is a senior that he in fact needs help. Russell would soon realize that Carl has more spunk and push in him than he first
world tends to let the decrepit fade out of existence. It is also about the stereotypical sense of older means wiser, which is
According to Melissa Dittman’s article, the negative stereotypes that are being displayed towards older people might be shortening
How much does language truly affect the way that we think? In “Nothing is Missing,” Tom Munnecke discusses the limitations that arise when being confined to unique “linguistic shells.” However, after an eye-opening trip to Japan language paradoxes that once hindered the fluidity of his thoughts were depleted. Through his own experiences with thinking and speaking in different languages, Munnecke was able to open his mind and view the world in a more progressive way. The “linguistic shell” that frustrated Munnecke in his early age becomes a lead to many theories that he has about our modern lives. Subsequently, Munnecke is able to relate language, thought, and distance; all of which he concludes have no boundaries within each other. In his memoir
Sometimes we think that words are a way to express what we have on our minds. Right? Think again. Guy Deutscher justifies just that. Our mother tongue does train our brains into thinking a certain type of way, also altering our perceptions of reality. In the NY Times article, “Does Your Language Shape How You Think?,” Guy points out that the mother tongue is Hebrew and leaves us with how we perceive the world. Guy’s protestor, Benjamin Lee Whorf, exclaims that language doesn’t have a particular word for a concept and that the concept itself could not be understood by the speaker. Guy argues that he does not have enough evidence that will substantiate the theory. He claims that Whorf is wrong on so many
The term “ageism” is not easily understood by most of the population because of its acceptance as normal behavior due to the ingrained attitudes that most people develop in their youth, but health care workers must fully embrace the term within their profession in order to avoid becoming a contributor to the historical prevalence of prejudices and discrimination. The term ageism is defined by Klein and Liu (2010) as “the discrimination of individuals based solely on age” (p. 334). “Ageism is a social construct that is internalized in the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals” (Klein & Liu, 2010, p. 334). Robert Butler, a well-known gerontologist, coined the term “ageism” citing that the discrimination and prejudice associated with this term is often based on the lack of a person’s experience with older people (Ferrini & Ferrini, 2013, p. 6). Ferrini and Ferrini (2013) refer to the strong influence that cultural beliefs and attitudes as well as a person’s current age influence the perception of aging (p. 6). Everywhere within society there are influences that encourage ageist attitudes such as media conveyances through movies, books, television, greeting cards, magazines and the Internet (Ferrini and Ferrini, 2013, p. 6). These negative connotations related to growing older begin to influence all people at a very young age and therefore impact their attitudes as they make career decisions. This has directly impacted the number of health care providers who specialize in geriatrics as well as the attitudes of those who do provide services for older adults. These false perceptions and negative attitudes are currently impacting the q...
Aging is a sensitive topic for many, with ageism being incredibly prevalent, as it has such a negative connotation that is attached to it (Hooyman, Kawamoto, & Kiyak, 2015). What does it mean to age in society today, when the baby-boomer population is starting to reach their old-old age status? (Hooyman et al., 2015). In order to break down stereotypes and understand what exactly it means to age within our current day society, I interviewed a married couple of 29 years, whom wished to remain anonymous, regarding their views on aging. The gentleman is sixty-three years old, and his wife is in her fifties. She was not the main focus on my interview, the gentleman was, but his wife was able to chime in and provided me with her two-sense every once in a while.
Understanding these topics has helped me realize that my viewpoints of elder adults and the process of aging are shaped by stereotypes embedded in my culture, which have affected the way I, as well as my family, communicate with one another. The Communication Predicament Model of Aging (Ryan, Giles, Bartolucci & Henwood, 1986, as cited in Giles, Oct. 21, 2014) proposed that these negative characteristics listed in exercise one can act as triggers for age stereotypes and lead to negative speech between the two groups (younger and older adults). This restricts communication opportunities between said groups, encouraging less social interaction with older adults. Thus, older adults can lose a vast amount of self-esteem, creating physiological and psychological problems.
I was surprised because, for the first time, I realized that Spanglish isn’t as normal as I think it is. Ortego states that Spanglish works “bi-directionally”, which means I can be speaking Spanish and mix in some English words, or vice versa (176). Behind an action I carry out every day, advantages that go unnoticed finally popped up. According to Boroditsky, the Kuuk Thaayorre are always spatially oriented because the only way for them to communicate successfully is by referring to each of the cardinal points (5). In a similar way, Spanglish speakers always need to be well aware of both languages to be able to understand the meaning of sentences when speaking. Ortego says that this “code-switching occurs logically” in the sentences, which suggests that Spanglish challenges our brains allowing us to become more dynamic and efficient when speaking (176). Spanglish causes Spanish and English to intertwine, taking the most suitable words from each language to make a conversation much more practical and flowing. We become so quick and agile at doing this, that our brains don’t have to stop and think about the right words to express ourselves. As Spanglish speakers, we can navigate from one language to another in no time and choose any word that enhances our speech and clarifies our intentions. Yet, it was with the help of Boroditsky’s research and support
305). Society is constantly bombarded by messages informing us about how to reduce the signs of aging, instead of accepting the natural process (Germov, 2014, p. 305). These beliefs have lead to ageism being very common in society. Ageism is best defined as the negative attitudes, which are associated with the aging process (Novak, 2006, p. 3). Ageism involves an individual or group being stereotyped and experiencing discrimination due to their biological age (Novak, 2006, p. 3). This discrimination can be direct or indirect discrimination, victimisation or harassment (Johnson, 2013, p. 27). Unlike other individuals and groups who are stereotyped and discriminated against, those who are making these comments will one day themselves be of old
The word language is most often associated with speech, yet it is also closely related to power. While many see language as a tool of unification and empowerment, it is also used to silence others. Society gives advantages to individuals that speak the dominant language, and those who are not fluent, are victims of social pressures such as ridicule, harassment, and isolation. Language gives individuals the power to manipulate and oppress others. Oppression occurs when one group has power over another group, and use that power to manipulate. Language gives dominant groups the power to oppress minority individuals through segregation, assimilation and hierarchies.
In her article, How Does Our Language Shape the Way We Think, Lera Boroditsky (2009) explains how the results of her experiments support the idea that the structure of language shapes the way we think. In one of her experiments, she found that English speakers would place cards showing temporal progression in temporal order from left to right, Hebrew speakers would place them right to left, and that the Kuuk Thaayorre would place them from east to west. This shows that the written language affects how time is represented. In another one of her experiments, she asked German and Spanish speakers to describe some items and found that the masculinity or femininity of the noun in their respective languages affects how it is ultimately described. This can also be seen in how artists represent the human form of abstract entities like death.
Glasgow: Fontana/Collins & Co. Christiansen, M. H., & Chater, N. (2008). Language as shaped by the brain. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31, 489-558. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X08004998. Gregory, R. L. & Co.
To What Degree Might Different Languages Shape In Their Speakers Different Concepts Of Themselves And The World? What Are The Implications Of Such Differences For Knowledge?
In linguist and psychologist Noam Chomsky’s Language and Mind, he asserts that a “universal grammar provides a highly restrictive schema to which any human language must conform” (55). The theory of universal grammar that Chomsky proposed states that the ability to comprehend and produce a language is already built in the human brain before birth. Even from an early age, children’s brain is programmed to constantly analyze grammar and syntax. To back up his claim, Chomsky elaborates on “the intrinsic structure of a language-acquisition device” (99). This device is a hypothetical instinctive system located in the cerebrum that permits children to develop language competence. Chomsky emphasizes that inborn mental biases in humans are often unconscious and uncontrollable. An example of these biases is seen when children learn by recognizing that labels refer to whole objects and not parts. In other words, when a parent points at a dog and repeats the word “dog” to his or her child, the child will automatically assume that the parent is referring to the entire object as a “dog” instead of just the dog’s head or tail. Another bias that is harbored is the assumption that labels represent whole classes of things and not just individual objects. What this means is that once a child learns to associate the word “dog” with the image of a dog, the child should be able to understand that every animal that barks is