What is FEA?
Finite element analysis (FEA) is a computerized method for predicting how a product reacts to real-world forces, vibration, heat, fluid flow, and other physical effects. Traditionally, a branch of Solid Mechanics. Nowadays, a commonly used method for multiphysics problems. Integrates Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in every 3D design of an machine. FEA visualizations ensure proper design by eliminating unnecessary costs and weight in a machine, while maximizing the structural strength of each of the machine’s components. Using FEA methods, it can simulate torque, stress, and strain to verify how they are distributed amongst a part.
Procedure of FEA:
1. Creating the model.
The model is drawn in 1D, 2D or 3D space in the appropriate
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As most material properties vary with temperature, it is important to understand how material behaves under different operating conditions. The effects of material properties on FEA models are discussed further in our Finite Element Course. In addition element properties may need to be set. If 2D elements are being used, the thickness property is required. 1D beam elements require area, Ixx, Iyy, Ixy, J, & a direction cosine property which defines the direction of the beam axis in 3D space. Shell elements, which are 2½D in nature (2D elements in 3D space), require orientation & neutral surface offset parameters to be defined.
List of typical commercial softwares for FEA:
This is the list of typical commercial softwares for FEA:
• ADINA
• Advance Design BIM software for FEM structural analysis, including international design eurocodes, a solution developed by GRAITEC
• ALGOR
Incorporated
• Altair HyperWorks
Altair Engineering’s HyperWorks is a computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulation software platform that allows businesses to create superior, market-leading products efficiently and cost effectively.
• ANSA:
An advanced CAE pre-processing software for complete model build up.
• ANSYS:
American software
• COMSOL Multiphysics
COMSOL Multiphysics Finite Element Analysis Software formerly Femlab
• Creo Elements / Pro Mechanica:
A p-version finite element program that is embedded
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For maximum shear stress, the result obtained was 5.36 MPa. The percentage error of the maximum shear stress is -3.08%. The maximum principal stress gotten from the FEA is 10.72428 MPa. From researching, I’ve found five main sources of reasons for the percentage error.
1. The model of the structure may contain a number of simplifications. Frequently this includes precluding little points of interest. This is only suitable if the stresses in the areas where these points of interest have been included are low. Sharp radii can change the stress greatly. Typically it’s best to start with simple component, to make sure that it is behaving normally. If it is we can add in more points to the progress and repeatedly checking it after every points that have been made. By doing this we are able to understand about the details included.
Stress Singularity -- sharp re-entrant corners will cause the mesh an increasing values of stress as the component size reduces. To reduce to problem is to model the component with a material which can model plastic
3D printing is primarily for rapid part prototyping and small-run production in a variety of industries. In the meantime, the term additive manufacturing has come to represent the use of 3D printing to create metallic components and final parts, differentiating from conventional subtractive manufacturing processes. 3D printing uses computer-generated designs to create build paths that reproduce a digital model through consolidation of materials with an energy source. The process typically uses a laser, a binder or an electron beam that solidifies material as it is directed along scanned over a pre-placed layer or the build path of material. This method has been used successfully with metals, polymers and ceramics. Metals are still in their infancy in terms of finished part production. Metallic parts produced with 3D printing frequently require additio...
However, metals can be quite hard to cut or shape into a desirable piece, requiring application of extreme forces. Depending on the project,
Total deformation of connecting rod after applied pressure of 16 Mpa is shown in figure no. 8.Small end of connecting rod will show the maximum deformation & there will be no any deformation at big end of connecting rod as it is fixed. The maximum deformation of 1.252 e-8 mm will occur at small end.
Mechanical Engineering 130.2 (2008): 6 - 7. Academic Search Complete. Web. The Web. The Web.
The weld joint made using the low heat input possessed the maximum ultimate tensile strength (791.56 MPa).
The principles and techniques I learned from this book are now an integral part of my life. I use them often in solving engineering problems that I develop and in analyzing designs of my own fabrication.
Figure (2.26): Splitting tensile strength vs. compressive strength. (Shafigh, Jumaat, Ahmud, Anjang and Hamid, 2012)
The nodes at the base of the substrate were constrained in both x and z directions.
The process, when operated at high pressures, results in the increase of ductility of the material. This is advantageous as more brittle materials can also undergo the extrusion
Numerical analysis is also called as CFD analysis. Different analysis software are available in market. Main advantageous of CFD is complicated flow visualization using some governing equation by solving differential equation. Using some problem computes the results in computer. CFD contains 3 basic steps preprocessing in this stage rotor geometry called up placed inside the domain generates mesh by means of finer near to rotor for getting better result. It necessary to define all required boundary conditions, Property of flow also defined.
In Structural Analysis, we analyze the structures with different methods based on its structures type. Two types of structures are determinate structures and indeterminate structures. Generally, it is actually not possible to perform an exact analyze of a structure. Hence, approximations for structure geometry, material limit and boundary, loading type and magnitude must be made. Determinate structure simply means that all the forces in the structure can be determined from the equilibrium equation. If there are more unknowns than the equation, the structure is indeterminate.
Vibration welding equipment is either time controlled or depth controlled. If the equipment is depth controlled, then time is variable and vice-versa. Depth control is preferable. Weld penetration or displacement is crucial in determining the weld strength. As long as the threshold is reached, weld strengths are not very sensitive to welding frequency and amplitude; however, at a constant threshold value, weld strengths can decrease with increasing weld pressure. The maximum weld strength that can be achieved for parts made up of same material is approximately 75% of the strength of the original material. To achieve this high strength the parts should be designed such that the weld depth is in between 1.2 to 2.2 mm [21].
Mechanical engineering is a type of engineering which applies principles of physics and material science for the purpose of analyzing, designing, manufacturing and maintaining of mechanical systems (Gorp, 2005). It is involved with the production and usage of mechanical power in the operation of various machines and tools. Mechanical engineering is considered to be the most diverse engineering and has its breadth derived from the need to design tools and manufacture products which range from small individual parts to large systems. Mechanical engineering, as thought of by scholars, is related to Aerospace engineering, Manufacturing and Mechanical engineering (Van et al, 2011).
The materials used for the crankshaft are five which are based on their composition. Building an accurate and reliable calculating model is one of the key steps of analysis with finite element analysis. During the model development, the geometry of the finite element model should be built according to the real one as close as possible. However, if the structure of the object is complex, it can be very difficult to build the model in accordance with the real one. In the model built below crankshaft is simplified. The model was created using Creo 2.0
Experimental Mechanics involves the experimental investigations of the static and dynamic response of structures and machines, and in the development of improved techniques to obtain and analyze experimental data.