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fetal alcohol syndrome
fetal alcohol syndrome Research Paper
fetal alcohol syndrome
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a condition affecting children born to women who
drink heavily during pregnancy. There are three criteria used to describe the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and to make a diagnosis of FAS.
The first of these is a pattern of facial anomalies, these features include:
Small eye openings
Flat cheekbones
Flattened groove between nose and upper lip
Thin upper lip
These characteristics can gradually diminish as the child ages, but it is important to note that diagnosis does not change because of this.
The second criteria is growth deficiencies:
Low birth weight
Decelerating weight over time, not due to malnutrition
Disproportional low weight to height
Height and weight below the tenth percentile
The third criteria used to diagnosis FAS are brain injury. This includes:
Decreased head size
Behavioral and/or cognitive problems such as: mental handicap; learning difficulties; problems with memory; problems with social perception
Neurological problems (impaired motor skills, poor coordination, hearing loss)
A person diagnosed with FAS may show one or more characteristics listed above, and there is a great variability in the outcome. ( McCreight, 1997)
Partial FAS is the recommended term used to describe the cluster of problems facing those who have some of the characteristic facial abnormalities associated with FAS, and one other component of FAS such as: growth deficiency; behavioral and cognitive problems or brain injury. This is only of course if it is known that there was significant prenatal exposure to alcohol. (Abel, ...
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...Children Affected by Fetal Alcohol
Syndrome & Fetal Alcohol Effects. Washington: University of Washington Press.
5. Kleinfeld, Judith/ Wescott, Siobhan. 1993. Fantastic Antoine Succeeds! Experience in
Educating Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Alaska: University of Alaska Press.
6. McCreight, Brenda. 1997. Recognizing & Managing Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome-.
Fetal Alcohol Effects: A Guidebook. Washington: Trade Paperback.
7. Streissguth, Ann P. / Kanter, Jonathan. 1998. The Challenge of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome:
Overcoming Secondary Disabilities. Washington: University of Washington Press.
8. Villarreal, Sylvia Fernandez. 1992. Handle With Care: Helping Children Prenatally Exposed
to Drugs and Alcohol. Santa Cruz: ETR Associates.