Bacterial Infections of Humans Caused by Bites of Animals (NOT insects)
Introduction
Animal bites on humans may cause open wounds or even crushing injuries. Like us, all animals carry certain bacteria or viruses that can cause illness if passed on to humans via the open wounds. The pathogen entry pathway for these zoonotic infections include bites or scratches, and direct contact saliva or waste. These diseases bring about a considerable amount of inconvenience to humans and therefore, the greatest concerns are of young children and immunocompromised patients. Children are especially susceptible to getting bitten and an adult supervision is always recommended because their immune systems are still weak and an infection that might mildly infect an adult can be fatal for them.
Substantially, injuries inflicted by dogs and cats are the most common, and in 70% of these cases, victims are attacked by their own pets or an animal they know. These bites can prove to be deadly after they become infected and cause serious problems, especially to the face and hands. Dog bites occur most frequently and cat bites usually cause deeper, highly infectious wounds because the infected region can be hard to clean. Bites from exotic pets (eg. Rats, gerbils, iguanas…) are not much of a concern as they do not carry serious risks. Livestock (eg. Horses, sheeps, cow…) have powerful jaws that can inflict crushing bite injuries and together with wild animal bites, infection, tetanus and rabies are concerns here.
Listed below are common infections following animal bites.
Body
Dogs and Cats
Dogs and cats are popular household pets but they risk passing the following diseases.
• Campylobacter Infection
The bacteria, Campylobacter Jejuni is found commonly ...
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...ldren are at higher risks of complications including dehydration, meningitis and sepsis.
Other Animals
Handling and caring for rodents (including hamsters and gerbils) or even fish, puts humans at risk for the below-mentioned infections.
• Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (LCM)
People contract the LCM virus by inhaling particles of urine, faeces or saliva of infected rodents like hamsters and mice. LCM has flu-like symptoms including fever, fatigue, headaches, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting and, may even lead to meningitis or encephalitis. Like Toxoplasmosis, LCM can be a neonatal complication.
• Mycobacterium Marinum
This infection usually affects people exposed to contaminated water in aquariums or pools. Although Mycobacterium Marinum infections are generally mild and limited to the skin, they proved to be more severe in immunocompromised patients.
Conclusion
“Dog Bite: Fact Sheet.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC, 1 Apr. 2008. Web. 13
National Canine Research Council. Investigative Report for Dog-Bite Related Fatalities 2009. National Canine Research Council, 2010. 6-48. Print.
Urinary Tract Infection, also known as UTI, occurs in two common locations, the bladder and kidneys. The kidneys are important organs that aid in filtering out waste products from blood and maintaining water distribution throughout the body. The waste products are filtered out via bladder, which is the reason of the bladder being the second site for the infection. A normal human being has two kidneys, one on left and right side, a bean shaped organ, and is located at the back of the abdomen. “Each kidney is about 11.5 cm long, 5-7.5 cm broad, 5 cm thick, and weight about 150 grams” (HealthInfoNet, Paragraph 2). Furthermore, a bacterium named Escherichia coli lives in both the kidneys and the GI tract. E. coli is part of the human body and produces
Marmosets are teeny-tiny primates. can still deliver a nasty bite despite their small mouths and need very secure cages with tiny bar spacing so they can not
Samples of tissue from patients infected with the mysterious disease were sent to the CDC Special Pathogens Branch for analysis. After a few weeks and several tests, the virologists linked the disease with an unknown type of hantavirus. Because other hantaviruses were known to be transmitted to people by inhalation or ingestion of rodent feces or urine, our next task was to collect as many species of rodent in the area as possible in order to pinpoint the source of the virus (AMNH). While trapping rodents, we decided that it was worth the risk to not wear protective clothing or masks so as to avoid alarming residents of "The Four Corners" region (CDC). After testing approximately 1,700 rodents we had found a link--the prevalent deer mouse carried the unknown type of hantavirus. But why was this mouse suddenly infecting people in this region? I was becoming frustrated, my years of work in medicine were failing me and I couldn't figure out why these people kept getting sick.
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Exotic animals carry diseases and infections that can be potentially harmful or fatal to humans, jeopardizing the safety of the community. These diseases range in severity from common ringworm infections from African pygmy hedgehogs to lyssaviruses in p...
Infectious diseases are the disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasite who live both inside and outside our bodies and are normally helpful but can cause infectious diseases to the human (body) system under certain conditions. And for a disease to be infectious, there is what is called ‘’chain of infection’’ that takes place before. And this can be seen in the below diagram:
Animal abuse is described generally as any act or omission that causes unnecessary or unreasonable harm to an animal. Animal abuse are vary and can lead to different forms. These may include, tormenting or beating an animal, executing an animal in a harsh way, binding or transporting an animal in a way that is improper for its welfare, neglecting to give fitting living conditions, neglecting to give proper or satisfactory sustenance or water for an animal and neglecting to give suitable treatment to infection or injury (Animal Cruelty, n.d.). In general, for an act to be considered as animal cruelty, it must be a non-accidental, socially unacceptable, enacted on a vertebrate animal, causing pain, suffering and distress or death. (Battle, 2013).
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If you have a pet, whether a dog or a cat he or she already feels like the part of family. You couldn't bear the thought of something happening to them. However, just like us animals of all types could be in danger of getting any types of diseases or getting into accidents. This means going to the vet, and that includes large amount of money and depending upon the problem, the fees may vary.
Reading this short story was very confusing. I could not understand why the narrator was on medication to the point that would be forbidden to work. The narrator states that she does not know what medication she is on. The medication is affecting her mind. I googled “phosphates” and it stated that its main use is for treating urinary tract infections. The narrator also stated that tonics, journeys, air and exercise is forbidden. That does not go along with the symptoms of the infection. What I finally got a better understanding was where the narrator was located. One of my peers helped answer this question. At first, I thought the narrator was just locked up in the mansion forbidden to leave. The narrator is questioning why she is in the mansion
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...ected animals. Vertebrate hosts including livestock e.g cattles, sheep and goat serve as a reservoir for infections. some infections in animals produces no symptoms while other varies with host.