Erikson's Eight Stages Of Personality Development Case Study

Erikson’s eight stages of personality development
Erik Erikson’s theory is a good example of the idiographic approach. He viewed personality development as continuing throughout life. He was interested in the effect of experiences on the development of the self-concept and how different individuals resolved personal conflicts. There are eight distinct stages of life, each of which produces different tensions and conflicts that have to be resolved and this is explained in below exhibit. (Mullins, 2013 p.123) The Myers-Briggs Type Personality Indicator
One of the important approach which do not fit into either of the two broad approaches of nomothetic or idiographic is The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Unlike the Big Five, which assesses

The following exhibit depicts the process of motivation (Appannaiah, Reddy, Kavitha, 2009, p.73) Behaviour Modification:
One of the principle of learning is reinforcement. The reinforcement principle states that a behaviour with positive consequence does not repeat itself. Now this principle has motivational implication too. When applied to organizational settings, the term behaviour modification becomes Organizational Behaviour Modification, or OB Mod in short. OB Mod characteristically uses positive reinforcement to encourage desirable behaviours in employees.
Behaviour modification is based on the law of effect. According to the law of effect, the likelihood that the behaviour will be repeated depends on it consequences. If a behiviour is followed by a pleasant experience, then the person tends to repeat the behaviour. If the behaviour is followed by an unpleasant experience or by no experience at all, then the person is less likely to repeat it. The law of effect explains how people learn to associate behaviours with specific responses. (Appannaiah, Reddy, Kavitha, 2009,

He hypothesized that with in every human being there exists a hierarchy of five needs. These needs are Physiological, Safety, Social, Esteem and self-actualization (Shajahan, 2000, p.91).
ERG Theory has done the same but instead of giving five basic needs/ wants, it has categorized them into ‘so called’ simpler format of three basic needs i.e., existence, relatedness & growth needs. Both these theories propound that the men first aim to satisfy lower (&/ more basic) need (as given in their hierarchy model) and then aim to satisfy a higher need.( Nain’s Hierarchy of Needs, 2013)
Fredrick Herzberg’s two-factor theory is based on the premise that motivation is divided into two factors. Hygiene factors include job security, salary or pay, benefits, policies, relationships, and working conditions. While these factors do not directly motivate individuals, when not present or when taken away, they cause dissatisfaction and complaints. Motivators include achievement, advancement, growth, responsibility, and a feeling of recognition. When present, these factors directly motivate and satisfy individuals; however, when they are not present, they do not dissatisfy (vgpblog.wordpress.com, 2015).
The above mentioned three theories of motivation are explained in the following